ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. into the Frith of Forth. Its length, following all its sinuosities, is stated to be above 60 m.

FORTH, FRITH OF. After the r. Forth is joined by the Devon, on the N. it begins to widen, and gradually assumes the appearance of a bay. This bay, called the Frith of Forth, is about 50 m. long, and, where widest, is near 15 m. broad.

FOSSANO, fos-sa-no, a walled t. of Piedmont, situated near the r. Stura, on the Naviglio Nuovo (nå-veel/yo noo-o'-vo), or new canal, which connects the Stura with the Po. It has a royal academy of Belles Lettres. Lat. 44° 36' N., Lon. 7° 51′ E. Pop. 12,500. (P.C.) FOUGERES, foo-zhake, a manufacturing t. of France, in the dep. of Ille and Vilaine, 160 m. W. by S. of Paris. Pop. in 1832, 7,446. (P. C.) FOULAH. See FOOLAH.

FOUNTAIN, a co. in the W. part of Ind., bordering on the Wabash r. Pop. 11,218. Co. t. Covington.

FOURCHE. See LA FOURCHE.

FOWEY, foy, sometimes written FAWEY, a small r. of England, in Cornwall, which flows into the sea.

FOWEY, a fortified seaport of Cornwall, situated on the above r., near its mouth. It was anciently a place of much greater importance than at present. Fowey furnished more ships to the fleet of Edward III., when he was besieging Calais, than any other port in England. Lat. 50° 20′ N., Lon. 4° 37′ W. Pop. 1,643.

Fox ISLANDS. See ALEUTIAN ISLANDS.

FOYERS, often written, and always pronounced FY/-ERS, a small r. of Inverness-shire, in Scotland, which flows into Loch Ness, remarkable for its stupendous fall of 207 ft. in perpendicular height. From the top of the adjoining rocks to the surface of the water in the abyss below the fall, the depth is 470 ft.

FOYLE, LOUGH, OH foil, a bay on the northern coast of Ireland, about 15 m. long, and 8 m. wide in the middle, which is connected with the sea by a strait, less than a mile in breadth. The r. Foyle, which flows into its southern extremity, is navigable for vessels of 400 tons as far as Londonderry.

FRANCE (Anc. Gallia or Gaul; Fr. La France, lå frånce); one of the largest and most powerful.kingdoms of Europe, occupying the W. part of the continent, is situated between 42° 20′ and 51° 5' N. Lat., and 4° 49′ W. and 8° 16′ E. Lon. Bounded on the N. W. and N. by the English Channel and the kingdom of Belgium, E. by Germany, Šwitzerland, and the Sardinian states, S. by the Mediterranean and the Pyrenees, which separate it from Spain, and W. by the Bay of Biscay and the Atlantic. Its extreme length, from S. E. to N. W. is about 680 m.; its greatest breadth, from Ñ. E. to S.W. is about 630 m. The area is computed at 200,925 sq. m., and if we include the Island of Corsica, which is now incorporated with France, it will amount to about 204,711. The entire population, according to the census of 1836, was 33,540,908. (B.) France is divided into 86 departments or prefectures, which are again divided into 363 sub-prefectures or arrondissements;

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, måt; pine or pine, pin; nỏ, nôt; õõ, as in good; these are still further sub-divided into cantons and communes. Each department is under the administration of an officer called a prefect (prefet, pra-fa/); the arrondissements are under sub-prefects (sous-préfets, Soo-pra-fa). The government of France is a limited monarchy. The legislative power belongs to the king, jointly with the two great national assemblies, named the Chamber of Peers and the Chamber of Deputies. The peers are not hereditary, but appointed by the king, who, however, in choosing them, is under certain restrictions fixed by law. The deputies are appointed by electors chosen by the people. Paris is the seat of government. The name of France is derived from the Franks (i. e. freemen), a confederacy of various German nations, who overran Gaul, on the decline of the Roman power, and who afterwards were united under one head by Clovis, about the beginning of the 6th century.—Adj. French; inhab. FRENCH-MẠN.

FRANCE, ISLE OF, (Fr. Ile de France, eel deh frånce:) formerly a prov., is now divided into the deps. Aisne, Oise, Seine, Seine and Oise, and Seine and Marne. It received its appellation from the circumstance of its being almost surrounded by the rivers which give name to the above deps., and by some other smaller streams.

FRANCE, ISLE OF. See MAURITIUS.

FRANCIS, ST., a r. which rises in the E. S. E. part of Mo., and, flowing southerly into Ark., joins the Mississippi, near 34° 40′ N. Lat. FRANCIS, ST., a co. in the E. N. E. part of Ark., bordering on the above r. Pop. 2,499. Co. t. Madison.

FRANCIS, ST., a co. in the E. S. E. part of Mo., on the sources of the r. St. Francis. Pop. 3,211. Co. t. Farmington.

FRAN-CIS/-CO, ST., a large r. of S. America, in Brazil, which rises near 20° S. Lat., and 47° W. Lon., and, flowing at first south-easterly, and then easterly, falls into the Atlantic, in about 10° 30′ N. Lat., and 36° 20′ W. Lon. Length above 1,300 m. It is navigable to Caninde (cå-neen'-dà), more than 150 m. from its mouth; above this point there are a number of falls, the most considerable of which is said to be 50 ft. in perpendicular height.

FRANCHE COMTÉ, frånsh koN'-tà, or UPPER BURGUNDY, a former prov. of France, now divided into the deps. of Doubs, Jura, and Upper Saône. FRAN-CO-NI-A (Ger. Franken and Frankenland, frånk'-en-lånd`, i. e. the "land of the Franks"), formerly a circle of the German empire, intersected by the r. Main. Nearly the whole of it has been transferred by various treaties to the crown of Bavaria.

FRANEKER, från/-ek-er, a manufacturing t. of Holland, in Friesland, on the canal from Leeuwarden to Haarlingen, formerly the seat of a university, which was suppressed some years since, and replaced by an athenæum, or high school. Lat. 53° 11′ N., Lon. 5° 30′ E. Pop. 4,200. (P. C.)

FRANKENSTEIN, frånk/-en-stine', a walled t. of Prussia, the cap. of a circle of the same name. Lat. 50° 36′ N., Lon, 16° 50′ E. Pop. 5,500. (B.)

FRANKENTHAL, frånk'-en-tåål', a t. in the Bavarian circle of the

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. Rhine, 16 m. N. by W. from Speyer. A small canal connects it with the Rhine. Pop. 5,000. (B.)

FRANK-FORT (Ger. Frankfurt, frånk'-foŎRt,) ON THE MAIN, a celebrated city of Germany, the cap of a small republic of the same name, and of the whole Germanic confederation, is situated about 270 m. W.S. W. from Berlin, and 50 m. E. by S. from Coblentz. It stands on the right bank of the r. Main, across which there is a bridge, connecting it with Sachsenhausen (såk'-sen-hou-zen), one of its suburbs. Among the more remarkable edifices of Frankfort, may be mentioned the ancient cathedral, where the German emperors were formerly crowned; and the Romer (now usually written Römer), in which is contained the Wahlzimmer (Wåål/-tsim'-mer), or Hall of Election, where the electors were wont to assemble for the purpose of electing the emperors of Germany: next to the Wahlzimmer, is the Kaisersaal (ki-zer-såål`), or Imperial Hall, in which the emperor, after his election, held his public dinner. Frankfort possesses a medical institute, founded in 1763, by the liberality of Dr. Senkenberg, to which is attached a botanic garden; the Senkenberg Society of Naturalists, with an extensive museum, is united to the above institution: a philosophical society: Stædel's Institute of the Fine Arts, which contains a choice collection of paintings: a public library, of 60,000 vols., &c. The ter ritory of the republic of Frankfort contains an area of about 91 sq. m. The entire population is estimated at about 60,000 (B.); that of the town 51,000, if we include the suburb of Sachsenhausen, with its 5,000 inhabitants. Lat. 50° 7′ 30′′ N., Lon. 8° 36′ E.

FRANKFORT OF FRANKFURT ON THE ODER, a walled t. of Prussia, cap. of a circle of the same name, about 48 m. S. E. of Berlin. It possesses a gymnasium, and several other institutions for education. Lat. 52° 22′ N., Lon. 14° 33′ E. Pop. 22,000. (B.)

FRANKFORT, the cap. of the state of Kentucky, and the seat of justice of Franklin co., is situated on the Kentucky r., 64 m., in a direct line, S. by W. from Cincinnati. The railroad which is to connect Lexington with the Ohio, at Louisville, passes by Frankfort. Lat. 38° 14′ N., Lon. 84° 40′ W. Pop. 1,917.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the W. N. W. part of Me., bordering on Canada. Pop. 20,800. Co. t. Farmington.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N.W. part of Vt., bordering on L. Champlain and Canada. Pop. 24,531. Co. t. St. Albans.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. W. part of Mass., intersected by the Connecticut and bordering on Vt. and N. H. Pop. 28,812. Co. t. Greenfield.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. E. part of N. Y., bordering on Canada. Pop. 16,518. Co. t. Malone.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. part of Pa., S. W. of Harrisburg, and bordering on Md. Pop. 37,793. Co. t. Chambersburg.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. part of Va., on the head waters of the Staunton r. Pop. 15,832. Co. t. Rocky Mount.

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pin; nỏ, nôt; ŏŏ as in good;

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. N. E. part of N. C., intersected by the Tarr. Pop. 10,980. Co. t. Louisburg.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. E. part of Ga., on the head waters of the Savannah. Pop. 9,886. Co. t. Carnesville.

FRANKLIN, a co. in Florida, at the mouth of the Appalachicola. Pop. 1,030. Co. t. Appalachicola.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. W. part of Ala., bordering on the state of Mississippi and the Tennessee r. Pop. 14,270. Co. t. Russellville. FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. W. extremity of Miss. Pop. 4,775. seat, Meadville.

Co. FRANKLIN, a port of entry of La., cap. of St. Mary's parish, on the W. side of Bayou Teche.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N.W. part of Ark., intersected by the ArkanPop. 2,665.

sas r.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. part of Tenn., bordering on Ala. Pop. 12,033. Co. t. Winchester.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the N. part of Ky., intersected by the Kentucky r. Pop. 9,420. Co. t. Frankfort.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. central part of Ohio, intersected by the Scioto r. Pop. 25,949. Co. t. Columbus.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. E. part of Ind., bordering on Ohio. Pop. 13,349. Co. t. Brookville.

FRANKLIN, a co. in the S. part of Ill., about equidistant from the Mississippi and Wabash rivers. Pop. 3,682. Co. t. Frankfort.

FRANKFORT, a co. in the E. part of Mo., S. of, and bordering on the Missouri r. Pop. 7,515. Co. t. Union.

FRASCATI, frås-ka-te, (Anc. Tus/culum,) a small but delightfully situated t. of Italy, in the Papal State, 12 m. S. E. of Rome. It is much resorted to in the hot season by the nobility of the capital. Permanent pop. about 4,300. (M.)

FRAUENBURG, frou/-en-boŎrg', a small t. of Prussia, remarkable as containing the tomb of Copernicus, who died here in 1543. Lat. 54° 21' N., Lon. 19° 41' E. Pop. 2,000. (B.)

FRAUSTADT, frou/-stått, a manufacturing t. of Prussia, in the grandduchy of Posen, 46 m. S. S. W of Posen. Pop. 5,800.

(B.)

FRED-ER-ICK, a co. in the N. part of Md., bordering on Pa. and the r. Potomac. Pop. 36,405.

FREDERICK, formerly FREDERICKTOWN, a city of Md., the seat of justice of the above co., is 43 m., in a straight line, N. N. W. of Washington. It is a pleasant and regularly built town; its commercial prosperity will doubtless be considerably promoted by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, which passes near it, and with which it is connected. Lat. 39° 24' N., Lon. 77° 18′ W. Pop. 5,182.

FREDERICK, a co. in the N. E. part of Va., a little to the left of the Shenandoah r. Pop. 14,242. Co. t. Winchester.

FRED-ER-ICKS-BURG, the cap. of Spottsylvania co., Va., situated on the Rappahannock, about 50 m., in a straight line, N. of Richmond,

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. with which it is connected by a railroad. Lat. 38° 34′ N., Lon. 77° 38 W. Pop. 3,974.

FRED-ER-IC-TON, the cap. of New Brunswick, situated on the r. St. John, at the head of sloop navigation. It is the seat of the College of New Brunswick. Lat. 46° 3′ N., Lon. 66° 45′ W. Pop. about 3,000. (P. C.)

FREIBERG, fril-bễRG, a walled t. of Germany, cap. of the Saxon circle of Erzgebirge, or Ore-mountains, and the centre of administration for the Saxon mines. It is situated near the east branch of the r. Mulde (mōōl'-deh), about 1,200 ft. above the level of the sea. Freiberg has a mining academy of considerable celebrity, with a museum, which takes its name from the illustrious Werner, by whom it was founded, and a most valuable collection of models relative to the art of mining. Lat. 50° 55′ N., Lon. 13° 19′ E. Pop. 12,000. (B.) In 1540 it is said to have amounted to 40,000. (P. C.)

FREI-BURG or fri/-boŎRG, an archiepiscopal t. of Germany, in the grandBuchy of Baden, cap. of the circle of the Upper Rhine, and the seat of a celebrated university, is situated about 100 m. S. W. of Carlsruhe. One of the most remarkable objects in this town is the Münster, or Cathedral, probably the most beautiful and perfect specimen of Gothic architecture in Germany. Freiburg contains a great number of literary and scientific institutions, and several charitable establishments. Lat. 48° N., Lon. 7° 53′ E. Pop. 15,000. (B.)

FREISING, fri/-zing, or FREISINGEN, fri/-zing-en, a t. of Bavaria, about 20 m. N. N. E. of Munich, chiefly remarkable on account of its school for the blind, and other institutions for education. Lat. 48° 24' N., Lon. 11° 45′ E. Pop. 3,200. (B.)

FREISTADT, fri'-stått, a t. of Upper Austria, important on account of its position on the railroad which connects Gmund with Budweis, in Bohemia. Lat. 48° 29′ N., Lon. 14° 22′ E. Pop. 2,000. (B.)

FREJUS, frå -zhücel, (Anc. Fo'rum Ju/lii,) a t. of France, in the dep. of Var, situated on the coast of the Mediterranean, near the mouth of the r. Argens (ar-zhån'). In the time of Augustus it was a large and handsome city, and was then the ordinary station of the Roman fleet in Gaul. There are some remains of the ancient ramparts, which appear to have enclosed a site five or six times as large as that occupied by the present town. Two of the Roman gates still remain, besides many other ruins. The name, Fréjus, is a corruption of Forum Julii ; in the dictionary of Expilly, published in the middle of the last century, it is spelled Frejuls. Lat. 43° 26' N., Lon. 6° 44′ E. Present pop. about 2.500. In the time of the first Roman emperor it amounted to 100,000. (B.)

FRENCH BROAD RIVER, one of the sources of the Tennessee, rises in N. C., and, passing into Tenn., unites with the Holston, a few miles above Knoxville.

FREYBURG. See FREIBURG.

FREYBURG, fri/-bŎŎRG, in French FRIBOURG, fre'-book, a canton in