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to general nomenclature, laws, technical forms of operation and documentation, as well as of systems of registration and accounting; 2. To recommend that both the governments and agricultural credit institutions of the American countries, through the organization referred to in the foregoing paragraph, exchange ideas and foster the exchange of publications on agricultural credit, in order to perfect and standardize credit systems as much as possible.

XII. ENCOURAGEMENT OF THE USE OF FERTILIZERS WHEREAS:

1. Fertilizers constitute one of the most effective resources which agriculture possesses for increasing the production and quality of its products;

2. The restoration to the soils of fertilizing elements contributes to the conservation of the productive capacity of the land;

3. Fertilizers play important roles in the recuperation of soils; 4. Many soils of our continent present deficiencies or lack of balance, which decrease their productive capacity and even endanger their conservation;

5. The use of fertilizers produces beneficial economic and social influences;

6. Their use influences the health of plants, animals and, as a logical consequence, of mankind,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

1. To recommend that the American Nations stimulate research in fertilizers on an experimental basis, following uniform methods and terminologies;

2. Encourage the use of fertilizers by means of publicity campaigns among farmers;

3. Establish timely and progressively adequate financial credit for the acquisition of fertilizers in order to facilitate and stimulate the interest of farmers in the practice of fertilizing their soils.

XIII. STUDIES ON PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION

WHEREAS: The various recommendations made by the Conference on production and consumption are so important that they should be the object of permanent study,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

1. To recommend that the Pan American Union organize a section for the special purpose of studying the Conference recommendations on production and consumption, preferably with respect to any prod

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uct about which one or more of the American Republics propose that a study be undertaken, and that, based on the results of such studies, pertinent recommendations made by the said section be sent to all members of the Pan American Union.

2. That the studies deal especially with such products as natural rubber, hard fibers, fats, vegetable oils, rice and lumber.

3. That there be created, when necessary, in the city of Washington special commissions composed of representatives of the producing and consuming countries interested, for a study of the problems of production and consumption of the said products.

4. That in the case of rubber and hard fibers the said commissions be created as soon as possible, in order that they may begin a study of problems relating to competition between the said natural products obtained on the American continent and those produced on other continents, as well as competition between these natural products and similar synthetic products.

5. That the Pan American Union, after consultation with the countries concerned, prepare the corresponding agenda and fix, at the earliest possible moment, the dates for the respective meetings.

XIV. DEVELOPMENT of the PRODUCTION OF FIBERS ON THE CONTINENT

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend that when the war is ended the importing countries of America contribute to the development of the production of fibers on the American Continent, avoiding those governmental measures which require the use of materials produced outside America and which exclude those manufactured with products of this Continent.

WHEREAS:

XV. CEILING PRICES FOR COFFEE

1. Studies made in coffee-producing countries point to a substantial increase in the cost of production of coffee since the beginning of the

war;

2. A number of coffee-producing countries have been compelled to resort to the policy of granting subsidies to their producers;

3. Prices of agricultural products should bear a fair relationship to the prices of manufactured articles,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend that the study submitted by the coffeeproducing countries, which contains information on background and facts concerning the change in the cost of production of coffee and the

increase in the cost of living in those countries, be turned over to the Delegation of the United States of America with the recommendation that it place the said study in the hands of the competent authorities of the United States Government in order that the study may be taken into consideration in connection with the request for readjustment of the ceiling prices of said product.

XVI. INTERNATIONAL COMMODITY AGREEMENTS

WHEREAS:

1. International commodity agreements may constitute an appropriate means of solving problems created by surplus production of particular commodities which may occur in the application of the economic policy on production and consumption adopted by this Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture;

2. It is desirable for American countries to make a declaration of principles which must serve as the basis of such agreements,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

1. To recommend that international agreements on agricultural products cover specific commodities and that the following basic principles be observed in such agreements:

(a) Joint participation of countries concerned as producers and as consumers, equitably safeguarding their respective interests;

(b) The promotion of the expansion of efficient production and cooperation in those changes in production which might be necessary for that purpose;

(c) Assurance to each exporting country of an equitable share in the available market at reasonably remunerative prices for efficient producers, giving due consideration to the historic position of each country;

(d) Inclusion of measures furthering the expansion of consumption for the product concerned.

2. To recommend that international agreements, insofar as they imply a limitation of production or exportation, shall not be applied before:

(a) Investigating the basic causes of the problem to be solved;

(b) Determining that the production surplus developed or which threatens to develop is serious and is capable of producing in itself a likely situation of excess supplies;

(c) Determining that such conditions may not be eliminated or corrected by the normal or the ordinary forces of the market;

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(d) Formulating an adequate program of adjustment to assure substantial progress toward the solution of the problem within the time limits of the agreement.

3. To recommend that international commodity agreements which imply the limitation of commerce, of production, or of markets shall be carefully limited as to their duration and shall be accompanied by acceptable measures for the elimination of the basic causes of the dislocation.

4. To recommend that the application of the various commodity agreements be coordinated with the recommendations of an international agency charged with the study as a whole of the operation of such agreements.

XVII. ORIENTATION FOR THE PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL AND LIVESTOCK INDUSTRIES IN THE

CONTINENT

WHEREAS:

1. The economic problems resulting from the war must be solved in accordance with the principles of an expanding and growing production which will permit giving the greatest employment and improving the living conditions of the peoples, especially of the great working masses and of men devoted to agriculture, and which will furnish in a stable manner and at reasonable cost the countries with the products necessary for their consumption;

2. Such objectives can be attained by the promotion and development of the production of countries that are agriculturally and industrially better prepared to reach an efficient production; and no production can be considered efficient which reduces its costs on the basis of artificial protection, of exploitation of human labor and of maintenance of low living standards; but rather that production which takes place in its natural medium and through advanced agricultural and industrial techniques, and paying adequate wages in order that the worker may have a decent existence;

3. The necessities of war have given rise to inefficient production which must be gradually eliminated, once its emergency function has been achieved, with the least possible dislocation for the countries in which such production has taken place;

4. The producing countries, which as a contribution to the war have increased the production traditionally maintained, or have developed new production, would be unjustly treated if their efforts were not recognized and their expanded production or new production

were inequitably reduced for causes foreign to a just and fair competition, regulated where necessary by international agreements,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

· 1. To recommend that productive capacity be developed in each American republic in an expanding degree, in accordance with its agricultural and industrial possibilities and the economic needs of the producing countries; and in order to fill completely the needs of consuming nations at reasonable prices.

2. That for the realization of such aims the following principles be borne in mind:

(a) That cultivation and production be carried on with respect to each agricultural product in the countries or regions endowed by nature with the best ecological, geographical and economic conditions.

(b) That the selling price of products be such that it will furnish those countries which are in a position to maintain efficient production a reasonable income in order to maintain the purchasing power of their people as importers and consumers, at an adequate level sufficient to meet the requirements of a decent living; which objective is attained principally on the basis of such working conditions as permit workers to be free from want and by furnishing farmers sufficient income to meet their needs and to maintain an even tempo of expanded production. Such price must make it possible, nevertheless, for the consumer countries to obtain, at reasonable cost and under conditions of stability and regularity, the products which they may have to import.

3. That in applying the foregoing recommendations in the post-war period, the following be considered:

(a) A period of transition during which the production that may have been developed by circumstances during the war emergency and which could not subsist under normal conditions be gradually eliminated in an equitable and orderly manner;

(b) The situation of permanency in which production will have to be definitely normalized, giving due consideration in the supplying of consumer markets to the historic position of each producing country that possesses the said conditions of efficiency, as well as the increases in production which such countries may have realized in the prosecution of the war in order to meet the consumption needs of the United Nations.

4. That the American Republics in order to fulfill the common purpose of maintaining and raising the living conditions of their

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