Page images
PDF
EPUB

7

THE

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

A

DICTIONARY

OF

ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL

INFORMATION

ELEVENTH EDITION

VOLUME XI
FRANCISCANS to GIBSON

NEW YORK

THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA COMPANY

1910

Copyright, in the United States of America, 1910,

by

The Encyclopædia Britannica Company.

AE

E36
1922

A. B. R.

A. B. W. K.

11

INITIALS USED IN VOLUME XI. TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL
CONTRIBUTORS,1 WITH THE HEADINGS OF THE

ARTICLES IN THIS VOLUME SO SIGNED.

ALFRED BARTON RENDLE, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., F.L.S.

Keeper, Department of Botany, British Museum. Author of Text Book on Fruit.
Classification of Flowering Plants; &c.

SIR ALEXANDER BLACKIE WILLIAM KENNEDY, LL.D., F.R.S.
Emeritus Professor of Engineering, University College, London. Consulting Friction.
Engineer to Board of Ordnance.

ARTHUR CAYLEY, LL.D., F.R.S.

See the biographical article, CAYLEY, ARTHUR.

A. Ca.

{

Gauss.

A. E. S.

A. Ge.

SIR ARCHIBALD GEIKIE, LL.D.

See the biographical article, GEIKIE, SIR A.

[blocks in formation]

Colonel, Royal Engineers. Royal Medallist, Royal Society, 1887. In charge of Geodesy (in part).
the trigonometrical operations of the Ordnance Survey, 1854-1881.

[blocks in formation]
[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

C. H. Ha..

CARLTON HUNTLEY HAYES, A.M., PH.D.

Garrick, David (in part).

Geometry: VI. (in part).

{Germany: Archaeology.

Fustel De Coulanges;
Gascony.

Friendly Societies:
United States.

Geometry: History.

Franco-German War
(in part);

French Revolutionary
Wars: Military
Operations;
Germany: Army;
Gibraltar: History,

Assistant Professor of History in Columbia University, New York City. Member Gelasius II.
of the American Historical Association.

[blocks in formation]

C. MI.

C. M. K.

C. PL.

C. R. B.

C. R. C.

C. T.*

C. We.

C. W. W.

D. C.

{ {

Editor of The Sphere. Author of Sixty Years of Victorian Literature; Immortal Gaskell, Elizabeth.
Memories; The Brontës, Life and Letters; &c.

CHEDOMILLE MIJATOVICH.

Senator of the Kingdom of Servia. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipoten- Garashanin.,
tiary of the King of Servia to the Court of St James's, 1895-1900 and 1902-1903.

SIR CHARLES MALCOLM KENNEDY, K.C.M.G., C.B. (1831-1908).

Head of Commercial Department, Foreign Office, 1872-1893. Lecturer on Inter-
national Law, University College, Bristol. Commissioner in the Levant, 1870-1871,
at Paris, 1872-1886. Plenipotentiary, Treaty of the Hague, 1882.
Editor Free Ports.
of Kennedy's Ethnological and Linguistic Essays; Diplomacy and International
Law.

CHRISTIAN PFISTER, D.-ÈS.-L.

Professor at the Sorbonne, Paris. Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. Author
of Etudes sur le règne de Robert le Pieux; Le Duché mérovingien d'Alsace et la legende
de Sainte-Odile.

Franks;
Fredegond;
Germanic Laws, Early.

CHARLES RAYMOND BEAZLEY, M.A., D.LITT., F.R.G.S., F.R.HIST.S.
Professor of Modern History in the University of Birmingham. Formerly Fellow
of Merton College, Oxford, and University Lecturer in the History of Geography. Gerard of Cremona.
Lothian Prizeman, Oxford, 1889. Lowell Lecturer, Boston, 1908. Author of
Henry the Navigator; The Dawn of Modern Geography; &c.

CLAUDE REGNIER CONDER, LL.D.

Colonel, Royal Engineers. Formerly in command of Survey of Palestine. Author of The City of Jerusalem; The Bible and the East; The Hillites and their Language; &c. REV. CHARLES TAYLOR, M.A., D.D., LL.D. (1840-1908).

Galilee (in part);
Galilee, Sea of (in part).

Formerly Master of St John's College, Cambridge. Vice-Chancellor, Cambridge Geometrical Continuity.
University, 1887-1888. Author of Geometrical Conics; &c.

CECIL WEATHERLY.

Formerly Scholar of Queen's College, Oxford. Barrister-at-Law.

SIR CHARLES WILLIAM WILSON, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., F.R.S. (1836-1907).
Major-General, Royal Engineers. Secretary to the North American Boundary
Commission, 1858-1862. British Commissioner on the Servian Boundary Com-

:{
{Gate.

mission. Director-General of the Ordnance Survey, 1886-1894. Director-General Galilee, Sea of (in part).
of Military Education, 1895-1898. Author of From. Korti to Khartoum; Life of
Lord Clive; &c.

[blocks in formation]

Director of the National Gas Engine Co., Ltd. Inventor of the Clerk Cycle Gas Gas Enginè.
Engine.

[blocks in formation]
« ՆախորդըՇարունակել »