ARTICLE 11 Russian subjects of the Moslem faith will be allowed to emigrate to Turkey after disposing of their property and to carry their patrimony with them. ARTICLE 12 Persons whose rights have been invaded under the war laws mentioned in Article 8, will as far as possible be reinstated in the said rights. After ratification of the present treaty both sides shall simultaneously return the property seized under the said laws. In addition, each party undertakes simultaneously to pay indemnity for the damage caused to the subjects of the other party in their lives or health as a result of the measures taken against them and in their property as a result of liquidation, seizure, requisition or forcible disposition of their real and personal estates. The mode of appraising the losses sustained by reason of the circumstances above enumerated and all matters connected therewith as also the procedure to be followed in the premises shall be settled by the contracting parties under the same conditions as those determined by Articles 2, 3 and 4 (Chapter 4) of the supplementary GermanRussian treaty of March 3, 1918. ARTICLE 13 Prisoners of war who are invalid or unfit for military service shall be immediately sent home. The other prisoners of war and all other persons arrested as a measure of military or public order shall be exchanged as soon as possible after the signature of the present treaty; the exchange will be effected through special commissioners appointed by both parties. The transportation of prisoners of war to a port of departure or to the frontier will be at the expense of the captor state. Civilian prisoners will be immediately released. The contracting party which arrested or interned them shall bear the cost of transportation from the place where they are held or interned to the residence from which they were taken. ARTICLE 14 Each contracting party will apply to the prisoners of war and interned civilians in its territory, and also to the citizens or subjects of the other party, the amnesty clauses inserted in Article 1 (Chapter 7) of the supplementary German-Russian treaty signed at Brest Litovsk on March 3, 1918. ARTICLE 15 The present supplementary treaty shall go into effect, in so far as it is not otherwise provided, at the same time as the joint treaty of peace signed at Brest Litovsk on March 3, 1918. It will be ratified and the ratifications will be exchanged at Berlin at the same time as those of the above-mentioned joint treaty. In faith whereof the plenipotentiaries have signed the present supplementary treaty and affixed their seals thereto. Done in duplicate, at Brest Litovsk, March 3, 1918. SUMMERS File No. 763.72/11443 The Chargé in Sweden (Whitehouse) to the Secretary of State No. 1321 [Extract] STOCKHOLM, August 23, 1918. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith to the Department, for its information, translated extracts from the Stockholms Aftontidningen of July 28 on Russia's losses in the Brest peace I have [etc.] [Enclosure Translation] SHELDON WHITEHOUSE Russia's Losses in the Brest Peace as Published in the "Stockholms Aftontidningen" of July 28, 1918 The Russian paper, Petrogradski Golos, gives a statistical summary of the losses in area, state income and industrial factories which Russia has suffered through the Brest Litovsk peace. The loss of area is 930,000 square kilometers with a population of more than 56 millions, or 32 per cent of the whole present Russian population. At the same time rather one-eighth of the whole Russian railroad system is lost. Of 97 million dessiatines wheatland, Russia keeps only 69; and of 700,000 dessiatines rye only 100,000. The iron-mining area is decreased by 78.8 per cent. The loss of coal reaches 1,688 million poods yearly, that is, 89 per cent of the total production. The countries which in the Brest peace were taken from Russia contain about half of the Russian factory and industrial plants; that is, 1,073 metal-working and machine plants (46.5 per cent), 615 paper mills (42.8 per cent), 233 chemical plants (44.4 per cent), 43 corn-brandy distillation plants (53.1 per cent), 1,642 alcohol distilleries (56.2 per cent), 113 tobacco factories (57 per cent), 574 breweries (57 per cent), 918 weaving and spinning mills (86 per cent), 286 raw-sugar factories (86 per cent). There were 1,800 savings banks in the surrendered territories and the state income therefrom reached 842,238,000 rubles, that is, about 40 per cent of the total income of the whole government of the Tsar. CHAPTER IX THE ACTION OF THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS FOR RELEASE OF THE RUMANIAN MINISTER FROM ARREST File No. 861.00/949 The Ambassador in Russia (Francis) to the Secretary of State [Telegram] PETROGRAD, January 13 [14], 1918, 1 a. m. [Received January 15, 4.05 a. m.] 2230. Rumanian Minister and entire Legation arrested 8 this [last] evening. Cause unknown, but supposed to be account occurrences in Rumania. Have called meeting entire Diplomatic Corps noon to-morrow [to-day] at American Embassy to consider this unique proceeding which deplorable from every viewpoint. FRANCIS File No. 701.7161 The Ambassador in Russia (Francis) to the Secretary of State [Telegram] PETROGRAD, January 14, 1918. 2231. Diplomatic Corps with unanimity and emphasis decided to demand immediate release of Diamandi without discussing causes of arrest, and to make such demand of Lenin. Diplomatic Corps on my suggestion going in body to visit Lenin with whom I am endeavoring to make engagement. Meeting attended by every chief of mission, including Spain, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Holland. FRANCIS File No. 701.7161/1 The Ambassador in Russia (Francis) to the Secretary of State · [Telegram] PETROGRAD, January 14, 1918, 11 p. m. [Received January 16, 10.50 p. m.] 2233. Nineteen heads of missions visited Lenin by appointment, 4 p. m., at Smolny and presented following in French through myself as dean: The undersigned chiefs of diplomatic missions of all the nations represented in Russia, viz.: United States, Japan, France, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Denmark, Siam, China, Serbia, Portugal, Argentine Republic, Greece, Belgium, Brazil, Persia, Spain, Netherlands, Italy and Great Britain, profoundly indignant at the arrest of M. Diamandi, Minister of Rumania, and affirming the unanimity of their sentiments on the subject of the violation of diplomatic immunities respected for centuries by all governments, demand the immediate liberty of M. Diamandi and of the members of his Legation. Then follow in order above-named signatures of all the chiefs. Arriving Smolny were promptly admitted and pleasantly received by Lenin to whom I introduced colleagues, each by title, and when all seated I presented above demand. On Lenin beginning to explain assassination [arrest] caused by Rumania's killing and starving Russian soldiers I stated we would not discuss causes or justification but only the principle involved. French Ambassador then entered into conversation, also Belgian Minister and Serbian; Belgian stating feelingly, Serbian emotionally, that notwithstanding outrages in their countries diplomatic immunity never violated. I finally told Lenin, who had said arrest was made to avoid war between Rumania, Russia, that retention of Minister would be more likely to promote than prevent war and would weaken his government in Russia and throughout the world. He said that if I thought so he would refer matter to Council of People's Commissioners and when French Ambassador said we must have prompt reply Lenin said would telephone American Ambassador this evening. Am now awaiting advice which think will be favorable. Many chiefs including British and French and Japanese said would ask their Governments to authorize request of passport if Minister not released. Am not prepared to say what I would do, depends on what I think effect would be on separate peace. Have you any instructions? FRANCIS File No. 701.7161/2 The Ambassador in Russia (Francis) to the Secretary of State [Telegram] PETROGRAD, January 15, 1918, 9 p. m. 2238. Continuing my 2233. About 11 heard unofficially Rumanian Minister would be released; hour later heard officially would be released but half an hour later heard previous report mistake; 3 o'clock heard again officially would be released; 10 o'clock to-day telephoned to fortress, learned was still there; at 1 o'clock informed. Rumanian Minister been told would be released on signing agreement to release Austrian officers and all Bolshevik soldiers arrested in Rumania but had refused. Continuously telephoning Smolny and fortress, 5 o'clock learned had been unconditionally released and that Ambassador had brought him to French Embassy where have just interviewed him. Said heard noon 18th [13th] Trotsky wired from Brest ordering his arrest and had offers of protection in other missions but decided to remain in his Legation; that ten soldiers entered around about 8 and took him under arrest; upon asking for papers officer said same would arrive soon; that another officer exhibited paper stating arrest occasioned by arrest of Austrian officers and Russian soldier in Rumania but not definite; had invited guests to dinner and asked permission to dine but was refused and taken to entrance under guard where met thirty more armed soldiers; taken to Peter Paul Fortress arriving about 9; shown into large room where waited until 2 a. m., when shown to small room where only one bed with mattress, no cover; had asked privilege of taking valet but was denied; accompanied by young Rumanian officer who also arrested and consigned to same room but compelled to sleep on mattress on floor without cover. Rumanian Minister visited 10 a. m. to-day by prison [commander asking] signature paper obligating Rumanian Minister to secure or recommend release of Austrian officers and Bolsheviks who are under arrest in Rumania. Minister refused saying not diplomat when imprisoned but only 59, his cell number. Rumanian Minister said all telegraphic communication with Rumania severed and not advised of occurrences. About 4 p. m. was released and taken by French Ambassador to French Embassy. Naturally very indignant saying been disgraced and must quit Petrograd. I am telephoning missions of unconditional release and calling meeting Diplomatic Corps tomorrow afternoon. Italian Embassy invaded 3 a. [p.] m. yesterday afternoon. Hundred or more bottles wine consumed or taken by soldiers, two of whom entered living apartments. Italian Ambassador entered complaint to insult. At yesterday's meeting British suggested meeting and action be confined to arrest of Rumanian Minister by government which was confirmed. During discussion with Lenin, French Ambassador mentioned invasion Italian Embassy whereupon Lenin said his first knowledge thereof and asked why government not advised. Italian Ambassador addressed formal communication to me and subject matter will be considered to-morrow. Missions considered extraterritorial and inviolate. |