V. and VI. of the present Treaty; and that at the expiration of twelve months after such notice shall have been received by either party from the other, the said Articles, and all the stipulations contained therein, shall cease to be binding on the two contracting parties.

Art. XVII. Provides for the ratifications.

(L.S.) PALMERSTON.
(L.S.) H. LABOuchere.
(L.S.) JOAQ J. DE OSMA.

Declaration made by the British Plenipotentiary on the exchange of the Ratifications of the preceding Treaty.

Whereas by the second paragraph of Article X. of the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation, between Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Republic of Peru, concluded and signed at London on the 10th of April, 1850, it was stipulated, that if any of the crew shall desert from the vessels of war or merchant-vessels of either contracting party, while such vessels are within any port in the territory of the other party, the authorities

of such port and territory shall be bound to give every assistance in their power for the apprehension of such deserters, on application to that effect being made by the Consul of the party concerned, or by the deputy or representative of the Consul; and that no public body whatever shall protect or harbour such deserters:

And whereas the power of apprehending such deserters in the British dominions is by law confined to seamen, not being slaves, who may desert from merchantships belonging to the subjects of a foreign power:

The undersigned, Plenipotentiary of Her Britannic Majesty, in proceeding to the exchange of the ratifications of the Treaty above mentioned, therefore declares, that the ratifications are exchanged on the understanding that the abovequoted stipulations of Article X. thereof shall, in the British dominions, be held to be applicable only to seamen, not being slaves who may desert from merchantships belonging to citizens of the Republic of Peru.

London, October 15, 1852.
(Signed) MALMESBURY.

Ireland, her heirs and successors, and the Republic of the Equator and its citizens.

Art. II. There shall be between all the territories of Her Britannic Majesty in Europe, and the territories of the Equator, a reciprocal

freedom of commerce. The subjects and citizens of the two countries, respectively, shall have liberty freely and securely to come, with their ships and cargoes, to all such places, ports, and rivers in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are or may be permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part of the said territories respectively; also to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce; and generally, the merchants and traders of each nation, respectively, shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commerce; subject always to the laws and statutes of the two countries respectively.

Art. III. Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland engages further, that the citizens of the Equator shall have the like liberty of commerce and navigation stipulated for in the preceding Article, in all her dominions situated out of Europe, to the full extent to which the same is permitted at present, or shall be permitted hereafter, to any other nation.

It being understood that the general liberty of commercial intercourse which is conceded by each contracting party to the other by the preceding Articles II. and III. shall not apply, on either side, to the coasting trade of the two respective nations.

Art. IV. It being the intention of the two high contracting parties to bind themselves by the two preceding Articles to treat each other on the footing of the most favoured nation, it is hereby agreed between them, that any favour, privilege, or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce and navi

gation, which either contracting party has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the subjects or citizens of any other State, shall be extended to the subjects or citi. zens of the other high contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favour of that other nation shall have been gratuitous; or in return for a compensation as nearly as possible of proportionate value and effect, to be adjusted by mutual agreement, if the concession shall have been conditional.

Art. V. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of Her Britannic Majesty of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Equator, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of the Equator of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country: nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed, in the territories or dominions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any articles to the territories or dominions of the other, than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the exportation or importation of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, or of the said territories of the Equator, to or from the said dominions of Her Britannic Majesty, or to or from the said territories of the Equator, which shall

not equally extend to all other nations.

Art. VI. No higher or other duties or charges on account of tonnage, light or harbour dues, pilotage, salvage in case of damage or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed, in any of the ports of the Equator, on British vessels, than those payable in the same ports by Equatorian vessels; nor in the ports of Her Britannic Majesty's territories, on Equatorian vessels, than shall be payable in the same ports on British vessels.

Art. VII. The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the territories of the Equator of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such importation shall be in Equatorian or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the dominions of Her Britannic Majesty of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Equator, whether such importation shall be in British or Equatorian vessels. The same duties shall be paid, and the same drawbacks and bounties allowed, on the exportation to the Equator of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such exportation shall be in Equatorian or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation of any articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the Equator, to Her Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such exportation shall be in British or Equatorian vessels.

Art. VIII. All merchants, commanders of ships, and others, the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty,

or citizens of the Republic of the Equator, shall have full liberty, in all the territories of both Powers respectively, to manage their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomsoever they please, as broker, factor, agent, or interpreter; nor shall they be obliged to employ any other persons for those purposes, nor to pay them any salary or remuneration, unless they shall choose to employ them; and absolute freedom shall be allowed, in all cases, to the buyer and seller, to bargain and fix the price of any goods, wares, or merchandize imported into or exported from the territories of either of the contracting parties, as they shall see. good.

Art. IX. In whatever relates to the lading and unlading of ships, the safety of merchandize, goods, and effects, the succession to personal estates, and the disposal of personal property of every sort and denomination, by sale, donation, exchange, or testament, or in any other manner whatsoever, as also the administration of justice, the subjects and citizens of the two contracting parties shall enjoy, in their respective dominions and territories, the same privileges, liberties and rights as the most favoured nation, and shall not be charged, in any of these respects, with any higher imposts or duties than those which are paid, or may be paid, by the native subjects or citizens of the Power in whose dominions or territories they may be resident.

They shall be exempted from all compulsory military service whatsoever, whether by sea or land, and from all forced loans, or military exactions and requisitions; neither shall they be compelled to pay any ordinary taxes, under any pretext

whatsoever, greater than those that are paid by the subjects or citizens of one or other Power.

If any subject or citizen of either of the two high contracting parties shall die without will or testament in any of the territories, dominious, or settlements of the other, the Consul-General or Consul of the nation to which the deceased belonged, or the representative of such Consul-General or Consul, in his absence, shall have the right to nominate curators to take charge of the property of the deceased, so far as the laws of the country will permit, for the benefit of the lawful heirs and creditors of the deceased; giving proper notice of such nomination to the authorities of the country.

Art. X. It shall be free for each of the two contracting parties to appoint Consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in the dominions and territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such, he shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and either of the contracting parties may except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as either of them may judge fit to be so excepted.

Art. XI. For the better security of commerce between the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty and the citizens of the Equator, it is agreed that if at any time any interruption of friendly commercial intercourse, or any rupture should unfortunately take place between the two contracting parties, the subjects or citizens of either of the two contracting parties residing in the dominions of the other shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade therein without any manner of interrup

tion, so long as they behave peaceably and commit no offence against the laws; and their effects and property, whether entrusted to individuals or to the State, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, or to any other demands than those which may be made upon the like effects or property belonging to the native inhabitants of the State in which such subjects or citizens may reside.

Art. XII. The subjects of Her Britannic Majesty residing in the territories of the Republic of the Equator shall enjoy the most perfect and entire security of conscience, without being annoyed, prevented or disturbed on account of their religious belief. Neither shall they be annoyed, molested or disturbed in the proper exercise of their religion, provided that this take place with the decorum due to divine worship, and with due respect to the laws, usages and customs of the country. Liberty shall also be granted to bury the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty who may die in the said territories of the Equator, in convenient and adequate places, to be appointed and established by themselves for that purpose, with the knowledge of the local authorities; nor shall the funerals or sepulchres of the dead be disturbed in any wise, nor upon any account. In like manner, the citizens of the Equator shall enjoy within all the dominions of Her Britannic Majesty a perfect and unrestrained liberty of conscience, and of exercising their religion, publicly or privately, within their own dwelling-houses, or in the chapels and places of worship appointed for that purpose, agreeably to the system of toleration established in the dominions of her said Majesty.