ESTIMATED CRUDE OIL REQUIREMENTS BASIS:CONSTANT PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION 100,000 BARREL PER/DAY CAPACITY RELATIVE CRUDE REQUIRED TO DRIVE rapidly than the increase in engine cycle efficiency and more crude throughput will be needed, however, even this requirement is considerably below the requirement of our base case of 89.5 Research Octane Number. It should be pointed out that in addition to this reduced crude requirement efforts should be made to improve it still further. It is believed that the extent of current practice of operating quite lean should be changed to operating much closer to the stoichiometric point, which does produce close to maximum power and therefore driveability as well as the optimum fuel economy. In addition, the use of spark advance retardation, as practiced now, should be discontinued in view of its effect on power output and fuel economy. What do these recommendations do to the problem of emission control? Have we merely indicated a way to alleviate the problem of gasoline shortage and aggravated the emission problem which is partly responsible for the gasoline shortage to begin with? The answer is that these recommendations not only point the way to better driveability and fuel economy but they also point the way to better exhaust emission control. Extensive tests have shown that at the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio it is possible to control HC, CO and NOx simultaneously in a single catalyst bed without the use of supplemental air. This is shown in the graph (page 12). It will be observed that there is a "window" where the very high conversions of NOx are attained by the interaction with carbon monoxide in the presence of the same catalyst. The width of this "window" varies with the catalyst. Considerable advances have been made in widening the "window" in order to allow for some material fluctuations in the air-fuel ratio in actual driving. Building further on this observation, progress is being made in developing a feedback control system capable of maintaining stoichiometric conditions over all engine operating modes and regardless of ambient temperature, |