WORTHIES SINCE THE TIME OF FULLER.

197

George CRABBE, divine and poet, author of "The Village," "The Borough," &c.; born at Aldeburgh 1754; died 1832. Rev. Sir John ČULLUM, bart. divine and author of the "History of Hawsted;" born at Bury 1733; died 1785.

Arthur Duck, author of a volume of poems called "The Thresher's Miscellany;" born at Ipswich 1680.

John EACHARD, divine and wit; born about 1636; died 1776. Laurence ECHARD, divine and historian; born at Barsham 1671; died 1730.

Dr. William ENFIELD, Unitarian divine, compiler of "The Speaker," and numerous other works; born at Sudbury 1741; died 1797.

Henry FALCONBERGE, divine and benefactor; born at Beccles; died 1713.

Giles FIRMIN, nonconformist divine, physician, and author of "The Real Christian;" died 1697.

Thomas GAINSBOROUGH, landscape and portrait painter; born at Sudbury 1727; died 1788.

Edmund GILLINGWATER, historian of his native town; born at Lowestoff; died 1813.

Thomas HERNE, controversialist; died 1722.

Elizabeth INCHBALD, dramatic writer and actress ; born at Stanningfield 1756; died 1821.

Joseph KEBLE, lawyer and author; born 1632; died 1710. Richard KIDDER, learned bishop of Bath and Wells; died 1703. John KIRBY, author of the Suffolk Traveller," &c.; died 1753.

John Joshua KIRBY, F.R.S., A.S., son of the preceding, author of a well-known treatise on Perspective; born at Parham 1716; died 1774.

William LAYTON, divine and antiquary; born at Sproughton 1751; died 1831.

Sir Andrew LEAKE, naval commander; born at Lowestoff; died 1705.

Capel LOFFT, barrister, patron of Bloomfield; born at Bury 1751; died 1824.

George PRETYMAN, (Tomline), bishop of Winchester; born at Bury 1753; died 1827.

Clara REEVE, learned lady, author of "The Old English Baron," &c.; born at Ipswich 1723; died 1807.

Humphrey REPTON, landscape gardener and essayest; born at Bury 1752; died 1818.

William SANCROFT, archbishop of Canterbury, author of various works, sent to the Tower by James II.; born at Fressingfield 1616; died 1693.

Anthony SPARROW, bishop of Norwich, author; born at Depden; died 1685.

Edward THURLOW, lord high chancellor; born at Ashfield 1732; died 1806.

Thomas THURLOW, bishop of Durham, and brother of the chancellor; born at Ashfield; died 1791.

Sarah TRIMMER, author of tracts, &c. for the moral and religious instruction of youth; born at Ipswich 1741; died

1810. Admiral Samuel UVEDALE; born at Barking 1729; died 1809. Dr. Samuel VINCE, professor of astronomy at Cambridge, author and mathematician; born at Fressingfield; died 1821. William WOTTON, learned divine and author; born at Wrentham 1666; died 1726.

Arthur YOUNG, agriculturist and author; born at Bradfield hall 1741; died 1820.

The county of Suffolk cannot as yet boast of a regular historian; though Kirby's "Suffolk Traveller," published in 1735 and 1764, may be considered as the foundation for any future county history. Various publications, however, of a local nature have appeared at different times, which may greatly contribute to the assistance of the future historian of the county; as the histories of Bury St. Edmund's, by E. Gillingwater (1804), by the Rev. W. Yates (1805), and others; Histories of Hawsted, by the Rev. J. Cullum (1784 and 1813); of Framlingham, by R. Hawes and R. Loder (1798); of Lowestoff, by E. Gillingwater (1780); of Hengrave, by J. Gage; and of Elmeswell and Campsey Ash (1790); the Lowestoff Guide (1812); and the History of Ipswich (1830).-Ed.

SURREY.

SURREY hath Middlesex (divided by the Thames) on the north; Kent on the east ; Sussex on the south; Hants and Berk-shire on the west. It may be allowed to be a square (besides its angular expatiation in the south-west) of two-and-twenty miles; and is not improperly compared to a cinnamon tree, whose bark is far better than the body thereof; for the skirts and borders bounding this shire are rich and fruitful, whilst the ground in the inward parts thereof is very hungry and barren, though, by reason of the clear air and clean ways, full of many genteel habi

tations.

NATURAL COMMODITIES.

FULLER'S EARTH.

The most and best of this kind in England (not to say Europe) is digged up nigh Ryegate in this county. It is worth four-pence a bushel at the pit, sixteen-pence at the wharf in London, three shillings at Newbury, and westward twice as dear. Double the use thereof in making cloth, to scour out stains, and to thicken it, or (to use the tradesman's term) to bring it to proof. Though the transporting thereof be by law forbidden, yet private profit so prepondereth the public, that ships ballasted therewith are sent over into Holland, where they have such magazines of this earth, that they are ready (on their own rates) to furnish us therewith, if there should be any occasion.

of

And now we are mentioning of earth, near Non-such is a vein potter's earth, much commended in its kind, of which crucibles are made for the melting of gold, and many other necessary utensils.

WALL-NUts.

As in this county, and in Cash-Haulton especially, there be excellent trouts: so are there plenty of the best wall-nuts in the same place, as if nature had observed the rule of physic, Post pisces nuces. Some difficulty there is in cracking the name thereof; why wall-nuts, having no affinity with the wall, whose substantial trees need to borrow nothing thence for their support. Nor are they so called because

walled with shells, which is common to all other nuts. The truth is, gual or wall in the old Dutch signifieth strange or exotic (whence Welsh, that is foreigners); these nuts being no natives of England or Europe, and probably first fetched from Persia, because called nux Persique in the French tongue. Surely, some precious worth is in the kernels thereof (though charged to be somewhat obstructive, and stopping of the stomach), because provident nature hath wrapped them in so many coverts; a thick green one (falling off when ripe), a hard yellowish and a bitter blackish one. As for the timber of the wall-nut tree, it may be termed an English Shittim-wood for the fineness, smoothness, and durableness thereof; whereof the best tables, with stocks of guns, and other manufactures are made.

BOX.

The best which England affords groweth about Dorking* in this county, yet short in goodness of what is imported out of Turkey. Though the smell and shade thereof be accounted unwholesome; not only pretty toys for children, but useful tools for men, and especially mathematical instruments, are made thereof. But it is generally used for combs, as also by such as grave pictures and arms in wood, as better because harder than pear-tree for that purpose. For mine own part, let me speak it with thankfulness to two good lords and patrons, it hath not cost me so much in wood and timber of all kinds, for the last ten years, as for box for one twelvemonth.

MANUFACTURES.

GARDENING.

I mean not such which is only for pleasure (whereof Surrey hath more than a share with other shires) to feast the sight and smell with flowers and walks, whilst the rest of the body is famished, but such as is for profit, which some seventy years since was first brought into this county, before which time great deficiency thereof in England.

For we fetched most of our cherries from Flanders, apples from France; and hardly had a mess of rath-ripe pease but from Holland, which were dainties for ladies, they came so far, and cost so dear. Since gardening hath crept out of Holland to Sandwich in Kent, and thence into this county, where though they have given six pounds an acre and upward, they have made their rent, lived comfortably, and set many people on work.

Oh, the incredible profit by digging of ground! For though it is confessed that the plough beats the spade out of distance for speed (almost as much as the press beats the pen); yet what the spade wants in the quantity of the ground it manureth, it recompenseth with the plenty of the fruit it yieldeth; that

* Boxhill, near Dorking, is still famous for its box-trees, which were originally planted there by Thomas Howard earl of Arundel.-ED.

which is set multiplying a hundred-fold more than what is

sown.

It is incredible how many poor people in London live thereon, so that in some seasons gardens feed more poor people than the field. It may be hoped that, in process of time, aniseeds, cumminseeds, caraway-seeds (yea, rice itself), with other garden ware now brought from beyond the seas, may hereafter grow in our land, enough for its use, especially if some ingenious gentlemen would encourage the industrious gardeners by letting ground on reasonable rates unto them.

TAPESTRY.

Pass we from Gardening, a kind of tapestry in earth, to Tapestry, a kind of gardening in cloth. The making here of was either unknown or unused in England, till about the end of the reign of king James, when he gave two thousand pounds to Sir Francis Crane, to build therewith a house at Morec ark for that purpose. Here they only imitated old patterns, until they had procured one Francis Klein, a German, to be their designer.

This Francis Klein was born at Rostock, but bred in the court of the king of Denmark at Copenhagen. To improve his skill he travelled into Italy, and lived at Venice, and became first known unto Sir Henry Wootton, who was the English lieger there. Indeed there is a stiff contest betwixt the Dutch and Italians, which should exceed in this mystery; and therefore Klein endeavoured to unite their perfections. After his return to Denmark, he was invited thence into England by prince Charles, a virtuoso, judicious in all liberal mechanical arts, which proceeded on due proportion. And though Klein chanced to come over in his absence (being then in Spain), yet king James gave order for his entertainment, allowing him liberal accommodations; and sent him back to the king of Denmark with a letter, which, for the form thereof, I conceive not unworthy to be inserted, transcribing it with my own hand, as followeth, out of a copy compared with the original:

"Jacobus, Dei gratiâ Magnæ Britanniæ, Franciæ, et Hiberniæ Rex, Fidei Defensor, Serenissimo Principi ac Domino Domino Christiano Quarto, eâdem gratiâ Daniæ, Norvegia, Vandalorum, et Gothorum regi, duci Slesuici, Holsatiæ, Stormariæ, et Ditmarsiæ, comiti in Oldenburg et Delmenhorsh, fratri, compatri, consanguineo, et affini nostro charissimo, salutem et felicitatem, serenissimus princeps frater, compater, consangui

neus, et affinis charissimus.

"Cùm Franciscus Klein, Pictor, qui literas nostras fert, in animo habere indicâsset (si Vestrâ modo Serenitate volente id fieret) filio nostro principi Walliæ operam suam locare, accepi