One day and night ; in all their vast survey More plenty than the Sun that barren shines; Useless besides ; reasoning I oft admire, Whose virtue on itself works no effect, How Nature wise and frugal could commit But in the fruitful Earth ; there first receiv'd, Such disproportions, with superfluous hand His beams, unactive else, their vigour find. So many nobler bodies to create, Yet not to Earth are those bright luminaries Greater so manifold, to this one use, Officious; but to thee, Earth's habitant. For aught appenrs, and on their orbs impose And for the Heaven's wide circuit, let it speak Such restless revolution day by day The Maker's high magnificence, who built Repeated; while the sedentary Earth, So spacious, and his line stretch'd out so far, That better might with far less compass move, That man may know he dwells not in his own; Serv'd by more noble than herself, attains An edifice too large for him to fill, So spake our sire, and by his countenance seem's That to corporeal substances could add, Who since the morning-hour set out from Heaven With lowliness majestic from her seat, Where God resides, and ere mid-day arriv'd And grace that won who saw to wish her stay, In Eden ; distance inexpressible Rose, and went forth among her fruits and flowers, By numbers that have name. But this I urge, To visit how they prosper'd, bud and bloom, Admitting motion in the Heavens, to show Her nursery ; they at her coming sprung, Invalid that which thee to doubt it mov'd; And, touch'd by her fair tendance, gladlier grew. Not that I so affirm, though so it seem Yet went she not, as not with such discourse To thee who hast thy dwelling here on Earth. Delighted, or not capable her ear God, to remove his ways from human sense, Of what was high: such pleasure she reserv'd, Plac'd Heaven from Earth so far, that earthly sight, Adam relating, she sole auditress : If it presume, might err in things too luigh, Her husband the relater she preferr'd And no advantage gain. What if the Sun Before the angel, and of him to ask Be centre to the world ; and other stars, Chose rather; he, she knew, would intermix By his attractive virtue and their own Grateful digressions, and solve high dispute Incited, dance about him various rounds ? [hid, With conjugal caresses ; from his lip Their wandering course now high, now low, then Not words alone pleas'd her. O! when meet now Progressive, retrograde, or standing still, Such pairs, in love and mutual honour join'd ? In six thou seest; and what if seventh to these With goddess-like demeanour forth she went, The planet Earth, so stedfast though she seem, Not unattended; for on her, as queen, Insensibly three different motions move ? A pomp of winning graces waited still, Which else to several spheres thou must ascribe, And from about her shot darts of desire Mov'd contrary with thwart obliquities; Into all eyes, to wish her still in sight. Or save the Sun his labour, and that swift And Raphael now, to Adam's doubt propos'd, Nocturnal and diurnal rhomb suppos’d, Benevolent and facile thus replied. Invisible else above all stars, the wheel “ To ask or search, I blame thee not; for Heaven Of day and night; which needs not thy belief, Is as the book of God before thee set, If Earth, industrious of herself, fetch day Wherein to read his wondrous works, and learn Travelling east, and with her part averse His seasons, hours, or days, or months, or years : From the Sun's beam meet night, her other part This to attain, whether Heaven move or Earth, Still luminous by his ray. What if that light, Imports not, if thou reckon right; the rest Sent from her through the wide transpicuous air, From man or angel the great Architect To the terrestrial Moon be as a star, Did wisely to conceal, and not divulge Enlightening her by day as she by night His secrets to be scann'd by them who ought This Earth? reciprocal if land be there, Rather admire; or, if they list to try Fields and inhabitants : her spots thou seest Conjecture, he his fabric of the Heavens As clouds, and clouds may rain, and rain produce Allotted there : and other suns perhaps, Stor’d in each orb perhaps with some that live. With centric and eccentric scribbled o'er, For such vast room in Nature unpossess'd Cycle and epicycle, orb in orb: By living soul, desert, and desolate, Only to shine, yet scarce to contribute But whether thus these things, or whether not ; The benefit: consider first, that great Whether the Sun, predominant in Heaven, Or bright infers not excellence: the Earth, Rise on the Earth; or Earth rise on the Sun; Though, in comparison of Heaven, so small, He from the east his flaming road begin; Nor glistering, may of solid good contain Or she from west her silent course advance, With inoffensive pace that spinning sleeps Or enemy, while God was in his work ; Lest he, incens'd at such eruption bold, Not that they durst without his leave attenipt ; For state, as Sovran King ; and to inure Wherever plac'd, let him dispose ; joy thou Our prompt obedience." Fast we found, fast shut, In what he gives to thee, this Paradise The dismal gates, and barricado'd strong ; And thy fair Eve; Heaven is for thee too high But long ere our approaching heard within To know what passes there ; be lowly wise : Noise, other than the sound of dance or song, Think only what concerns thee, and thy being; Torment, and loud lament, and furious rage. Dream not of other worlds, what creatures there Glad we return'd up to the coasts of light Live, in what state, condition, or degree; Ere sabbath-evening : so we had in charge. Contented that thus far hath been reveal'd But thy relation now ; for I attend, (mine." Not of Earth only, but of highest Heaven." Pleas'd with thy words no less than thou with To whom thus Adam, clear'd of doubt, replied. So spake the godlike power, and thus our sire. “ How fully hast thou satisfied me, pure “ For Man to tell how human life began Intelligence of Heaven, angel serene ! Is hard ; for who himselt beginning knew ? And freed from intricacies, taught to live Desire with thee still longer to converse The easiest way; nor with perplexing thoughts Induc'd me. As new wak'd from soundest sleep, To interrupt the sweet of life, from which Soft on the flowery herb I found me laid, God hath bid dwell far off all anxious cares, In balmy sweat; which with his beams the Sun And not molest us ; unless we ourselves (vain. Soon dried, and on the reeking moisture fed. Seek them with wandering thoughts, and notions Straight toward Heaven my wondering eyes I But apt the mind or fancy is to rove turn'd, Uncheck'd, and of her roving is no end; And gaz'd a while the ample sky; till, rais'd Till warn’d, or by experience taught, she learn, By quick instinctive motion, up I sprung, That not to know at large of things remote As thitherward endeavouring, and upright From use, obscure and subtle; but to know Stood on my feet : about me round I saw That which before us lies in daily life, Hill, dale, and shady woods, and sunny plains, Is the prime wisdom : what is more, is fume, And liquid lapse of murmuring streams ; by these, Or emptiness, or fond impertinence : Creatures that liv'd and mov'd, and walk'd, or few ; And renders us, in things that most concern, Birds on the branches warbling; all things smil'd; Unpractis'd, unprepar'd, and still to seek. With fragrance and with joy my heart o’verflow'd. Therefore from this high pitch let us descend Myself I then perus’d, and limb by liinb A lower flight, and speak of things at hand Survey'd, and sometimes went, and sometimes ran Useful ; whence, haply, mention may arise With supple joints, as lively vigour led : Of sumething not unseasonable to ask, But who I was, or where, or from what cause, By sufferance, and thy wonted favour deign'd. Knew not; to speak I tried, and forthwith spake ; Thee I have heard relating what was done My tongue obey'd, and readily could name Ere my remembrance : now, hear me relate Whate'er I saw. • Thou Sun,' said I, •fair light, My story, which perhaps thou hast not heard ; And thou enlighten’d Earth, so fresh and gay, And day is not yet spent : till then thou seest Ye hills, and dales, ye rivers, woods, and plains, How subtly to detain thee I devise ; And ye that live and move, fair creatures, tell, Inviting thee to hear while I relate ; Tell, if ye saw, how I came thus, how here? Not of myself ;-by some great Maker then, Tell me, how may I know him, how adore, To whom thus Raphael answer'd heavenly meek. On a green shady bank, profuse of flowers, “ Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men, Pensive I sat me down ; there gentle sleep Nor tongue ineloquent ; for God on thee First found me, and with soft oppression seiz'd Abundantly his gifts hath also pour'd My drowsed sense, untroubled, though I thought Inward and outward both, his image fair : I then was passing to my former state Speaking, or mute, all comeliness and grace Insensible, and forthwith to dissolve: Attends thee ; and each word, each motion, forms; When suddenly stood at my head a dream, Nor less think we in Heaven of thee on Earth Whose inward apparition gently mov'd Than of our fellow-servant, and inquire My fancy to believe I yet had being, Gladly into the ways of God with Man: And liv'd: one came, methought, of shape divine, For God, we see, hath honour'd thee, and set And said, • Thy mansion wants thee, Adam ; rise, On Man his equal love : say therefore on; First man, of men innumerable ordain'd For I that day was absent, as befel, First father! call’d by thee, I come thy guide Bound on a voyage uncouth and obscure, To the Garden of Bliss, thy seat prepar'd.' A woody mountain ; whose high top was plain, Their language and their ways ? They also know, And humble deprecation, thus replied. [Power, To pluck and eat; whereat I wak'd, and found “ • Let not my words offend thee, Heavenly Before mine eyes all real, as the dream My Maker, be propitious while I speak. Hast thou not made me here thy substitute, [I am,' | Which must be mutual, in proportion due Cannot well suit with either, but soon prove Tedious alike : of fellowship I speak To till and keep, and of the fruit to eat : Such as I seek, fit to participate Of every tree that in the garden grows All rational delight : wherein the brute Eat freely with glad heart ; fear here no dearth: Cannot be human consort : they rejoice But of the tree whose operation brings Each with their kind, lion with lioness; Knowledge of good and ill, which I have set So fitly them in pairs thou hast combin'd : The pledge of thy obedience and thy faith, Much less can bird with beast, or fish with fowl Amid the garden by the tree of life, So well converse, nor with the ox the ape; Remember what I warn thee, shun to taste, Worse then can man with beast, and least of all.' And shun the bitter consequence : for know, “ Whereto the Almighty answer'd, not displeas d. The day thou eat'st thereof, my sole command • A nice and subtle happiness, I see, Transgress'd, inevitably thou shalt die, Thou to thyself proposest, in the choice From that day mortal ; and this happy state Of thy associates, Adam! and wilt taste Shalt lose, expellid from hence into a world No pleasure, though in pleasure, solitary. Of woe and sorrow.' Sternly he pronounced What think'st thou then of me, and this my state? The rigid interdiction, which resounds Seem I to thee sufficiently possessid From all eternity ; for none I know Save with the creatures which I made, and those Possess it, and all things that therein live, To me inferior, infinite descents Or live in sea, or air ; beast, fish, and fowl. Beneath what other creatures are to thee?" In sign whereof, each bird and beast behold He ceas’d; I lowly answered. • To attain After their kinds ; I bring them to receive The height and depth of thy eternal ways From thee their names, and pay thee feälty All human thoughts come short, Supreme of things! With low subjection ; understand the same Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee Of fish within their watery residence, Is no deficience found : not so is Man, Not hither summon'd, since they cannot change But in degree; the cause of his desire Their element, to draw the thinner air.' By conversation with his like to help, As thus he spake, each bird and beast behold Or solace his defects. No need that thou Approaching two and two; these cowering low Shouldst propagate, already infinite; With blandishment; each bird stoop'd on his wing. And through all numbers absolute, though one: I nam'd them as they pass'd, and understood But Man by number is to manifest Their nature, with such knowledge God endued His single imperfection, and beget My sudden apprehension : but in these Like of his like, his image multiplied, Collateral love, and dearest amity. Social communication ; yet, so pleas'd, Canst raise thy creature to what height thou wilt And all this good to Man? for whose well being Of union or communion, deified : So amply, and with hands so liberal, I, by conversing, cannot these erect Thou hast provided all things : hut with me From prone; nor in their ways complacence find.' I see not who partakes. In solitude Thus I embolden'd spake, and freedom us'd What happiness, who can enjoy alone, Permissive, and acceptance found; which gain'd Or, all enjoying, what contentment find ?' This answer from the gracious voice divine. Thus I presumptuous; and the vision bright, “ • Thus far to try thee, Adam, I was pleas'd; As with a smile more brighten'd, thus replied. And find thee knowing, not of beasts alone, • • What call'st thou solitude ? Is not the Earth Which thou hast rightly nam'd, but of thyself ; With various living creatures, and the air Expressing well the spirit within thee free, My image, not imparted to the brute : Good reason was thou freely shouldst dislike; | I led her blushing like the morn: all Heaven, Shed their selectest influence; the Earth Joyous the birds ; fresh gales and gentle airs To see liow thou could'st judge of fit and meet : Whisper'd it to the woods, and from their wings What next I bring shall please thee, be assur'd, Flung rose, flung odours from the spicy shrub, Thy likeness, thy fit help, thy other self, Disporting, till the amorous bird of night Thy wish exactly to thy heart's desire.' Sung spousal, and bid haste the evening-star “ He ended, or I heard no more; for now On his hill-top, to light the bridal lamp. My earthly by his heavenly overpower'd, Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought Which it had long stood under, strain'd to the height My story to the sum of earthly bliss, In that celestial colloquy sublime, Which I enjoy; and must confess to find As with an object that excels the sense In all things else delight indeed, but such Dazzled and spent, sunk down, and sought repair As, us'd or not, works in the mind no change Of sleep, which instantly fell on me, call'd Nor vehement desire : these delicacies [flowers, By Nature as in aid, and clos'd mine eyes. I mean of taste, sight, smell, herbs, fruits, and Mine eyes he clos’d, but open left the cell Walks, and the melody of birds : but here Of fancy, my internal sight; by which, Far otherwise, transported I bebold, Abstract as in a trance, methought I saw, Transported touch ; here passion first I felt, Though sleeping, where I lay, and saw the shape Commotion strange! in all enjoyments else Still glorious before whom awake I stood : Superior and unmov'd; here only weak Who stooping open'd my left side, and took Against the charm of beauty's powerful glance. From thence a rib, with cordial spirits warm, Or Nature fail'd in me, and left some part And life-blood streaming fresh: wide was the Not proof enough such object to sustain ; wound, Or, from my side subducting, took perhaps But suddenly with flesh fill'd up and heal'd: More than enough ; at least on her bestow'd The rib he form'd and fashion'd with his hands: Too much of ornament, in outward show Under his forming hands a creature grew, Elaborate, of inward less exact. Man-like, but different sex ; so lovely fair, For well I understand in the prime end That what seem'd fair in all the world, seem'd now Of Nature her the inferior, in the mind Mean, or in her summ'd up, in her contain'd And inward faculties, which most excel; And in her looks; which from that time infus'd In outward also her resembling less Sweetness into my heart, unfelt before, His image who made both, and less expressing And into all things from her air inspir’d The character of that dominion given O'er other creatures : yet when I approach And in herself complete, so well to know Her own, that what she wills to do or say When out of hope, behold her, not far off, Seems wisest, virtuousest, discreetest, best : Such as I saw her in my dream, adorn'd All higher knowledge in her presence falls With what all Earth or Heaven could bestow Degraded ; Wisdom in discourse with her To make her amiable : on she came, Loses discountenanc'd, and like Folly shows; Occasionally; and, to consummate all, Build in her loveliest, and create an awe « « This turn hath made amends ; thou hast ful. To whom the angel with contracted brow. Thy words, Creator bounteous and benign, “ Accuse not Nature, she hath done her part; Giver of all things fair! but fairest this Do thou but thine; and be not diffident Of all thy gifts ! nor enviest. I now see Of Wisdom ; she deserts thee not, if thou Bone of my bone, flesh of my flesh, myself Dismiss not her, when most thou need'st her nigh, Before me: woman is her name ; of man By attributing overmuch to things Extracted : for this cause he shall forego Less excellent, as thou thyself perceiv'st. Father and mother, and to his wife adhere; For, what admir’st thou, what transports thee so, And they shall be one flesh, one heart, one soul.' An outside ? fair, no doubt, and worthy well “ She heard me thus ; and though divinely Thy cherishing, thy honouring, and thy love ; brought, Not thy subjection; weigh with her thyself ; Yet innocence, and virgin modesty, Then value: oft-times nothing profits more Her virtue, and the conscience of her worth, Than self-esteem, grounded on just and right That would be woo'd, and not unsought be won, Well manag'd; of that skill the more thou know'st, Not obvious, not obtrusive, but, rud, The more she will acknowledge thee her head, The more desirable ; or, to say all And to realities yield all her shows : Nature herself, though pure of sinful thought, Made so adorn for thy delight the more, Wrought in her so, that, seeing me, she turn'd: So awful, that with honour thou may'st love I followed her ; she what was honour knew, Thy mate, who sees when thou art seen least wise, And with obsequious majesty approv'd But if the sense of touch, whereby mankind M pleaded reason. To the nuptial bower Is propagated, seem such dear delight Beyond all other ; think the same vouchsaf'd With grateful memory: thou to mankind From the thick shade, and Adam to his bower. Book IX. The Argument. Satan, having compassed the Earth, with media By which to Heavenly love thou may'st ascend, tated guile returns, as a mist, by night ir Not sunk in carnal pleasure ; for which cause, Paradise; enters into the serpent sleeping. Ada Among the beasts no mate for thee was found.” and Eve in the morning go forth to their labours To whom thus, half abash'd, Adam replied. which Eve proposes to divide in several places “ Neither her outside form'd so fair, nor aught each labouring apart: Adam consents not, In procreation common to all kinds, leging the danger, lest that enemy, of whom the (Though higher of the genial bed by far, were forewarned, should attempt her fouda And with mysterious reverence I deem,) alone: Eve, loth to be thought not circus So much delights me, as those graceful acts, spect or firm enough, urges her going apart. Those thousand decencies, that daily flow the rather desirous to make trial of her strength From all her words and actions mix'd with love Adam at last yields : the serpent finds her alone! And sweet compliance, which declare unfeign'd his subtle approach, first gazing, then speaking: Union of mind, or in us both one soul; with much fattery extolling Eve above all other Harmony to behold in wedded pair creatures. Eve, wondering to hear the serper! More grateful than harmonious sound to the ear. speak, asks how he attained to human speech, Yet these subjcct not : I to thec disclose and such understanding, not till now; the ser i What inward thence I feel, not therefore foil'd pent answers, that by tasting of a certain tree ir Who meet with various objects, from the sense the garden he attained both to speech and reaso. Variously representing : yet, still free, till then void of both : Eve requires him to brir; Approve the best, and follow what I approve. her to that tree, and finds it to be the tree i To love, thou blam'st me not; for Love, thou say'st, knowledge forbidden: the serpent now gros: Leads up to Heaven, is both the way and guide ; bolder, with many wiles and arguments, induce Bear with me then, if lawful what I ask: her at length to eat; she, pleased with the tasta. Love not the heavenly spirits, and how their love deliberates a while whether to impart thereof 1 Express they? by looks only? or do they mix Adam or not; at last brings him' of the fruit Irradiance, virtual or immediate touch ?" relates what persuaded her to eat thereof: Adam To whom the angel, with a smile that glow'd at first amazed, but perceiving her lost, resolven Celestial rosy red, Love's proper hue, through vehemence of love, to perish with her: 1 Answered : “ Let it suffice thee that thou know'st and, extenuating the trespass, eats also of the Us happy, and without love no happiness. fruit: the effects thereof in them both; they sett Whatever pure thou in the body enjoy'st, to cover their nakedness; then fall to variant (And pure thou wert created) we enjoy and accusation of one another. În eminence; and obstacle find none Of membrane, joint, or limb, exclusive bars ; No more of talk where God or angel guest Easier than air with air, if spirits embrace, With Man, as with his friend, familiar us'd Total they mix, union of pure with pure To sit indulgent, and with him partake esiring ; nor restrain'd conveyance need, Rural repast; permitting him the while As flesh to mix with flesh, or soul with soul. Venial discourse unblam'd. I now must change But I can now no more ; the parting Sun Those notes to tragic; foul distrust, and breacı And disobedience : on the part of Heaven Anger and just rebuke, and judgment given, Of stern Achilles on his foe pursued Of Turnus for Lavinia disespous'd; Or Neptune's ire, or Juno's, that so long And all temptation to transgress repel." Perplex'd the Greek, and Cytherea's son; So saying, he arose; whom Adam thus If answerable style I can obtain Follow'd with benediction. “ Since to part, Of my celestial patroness, who deigns Go, heavenly guest, ethereal messenger, Her nightly visitation unimplor’d, Sent from whose sovran goodness I adore ! And dictates to me slumbering ; or inspires Easy my unpremeditated verse : Pleas'd me long choosing, and beginning late ; |