now! I with the report of the delivery nary course of things-alas ! Sir, ! of the King and Queen of France were have lived to be the last of that poitea not still unauthenticated. One didrity, and to see the glorious collection wish to believe it, not only for their of pictures, that were the principak sakes, but as some excuse for the ornaments of the house, gone to the otherwise inexplicable conduct of the North Pole ; and to have the house King of Pruffia-he still wants a Xeno. remaining half a ruin on my hands. phon,- so do the Austrians too, who, Think, Sir; what my reflections must with four times his numbers, do not be, if I have common sense left, when make quite so sagacious a retreat. you are so kind as to offer me to pre

I am exceedingly obliged to your serve the memory of my pasteboard exceffive partiality, Sir ; but indeed I dwelling! drop the idea, I beg you : Shall not encourage it, nor by any I feel your friendship, but it hurts me means consent to your throwing away more than it foothes me--and though I your talents and time on such a tran- trust I am free from vanity, I have fient bauble as my houle and collection. wounded pride; and reverencing, fu A mere antiquarian drudge, supposing profoundly as I do, my father's mea' they could lalt even a century, would mory, I could not bear to have my be fitter for the task. The house is too cottage receive an honour which his flightly built for duration, and the palace wanted ! trifles in it too errant minutiæ for the Forgive me, dear Sir, for dwelling so exercise of your poetic abilities. How long on this article- not too long for vain should I be, if I accepted such a my gratitude, which is perfect, but facrifice ! indeed I blush at the propo. perhaps too full on my own sentiments. fal, and hope that at seventy-five I have Yet how can I decline your too kind unlearnt vanity, and know the emptio proposal, but by opening the real itate ness of it. Even that age muit tell me of my mind ? and to so obliging a that I may be gone before your poem friend, from whom I cannot conceal could be ħnished; and vain-glory thall weaknesses to which both my nature not be one of my last acts. Vifions I and my age have made me liable ; but have certainly had—but they have been they have not benumbed my fenfibia amply dispelled. I have seen a noble lity, and while I do exist, I ihall be, feat built by a very wise man,' who dear Sir, thought he had reason to expect it Your most obliged, would remain to his pofterity as long and obedient humble servant, as human foundations do in the ordi

ORFORD.

JOURNEY FROM SMYRNA TO SARDIS.

[Extracted from the JOURNAL of M. DE HEIDENSTAM.] Sept. 3-I WENT with M. de Tanne, Caffaba to purchase the cotton of the 1797. my eldest son, and my gar- country; from thence to Sardis seven dener, to Kokloudgea, to meet the hours journey ; we arrived there at French Consul, M. Coufineri, who was seven o'clock in the evening. About to accompany me to Sardis.

three leagues before we reached Sardis, Monday, 4. We let out together at near the high road, are three antique midnight, and after traverting the tombs, two imaller and one larger in plains of Buurnabat and Nymphi, we the middle. The plain of Sardis, which descended into that of Callaba, being a is only a prolongation of that of Magjourney of ten hours. The plain of nefia, is traversed by the Hermus, Nymphi is beautiful, but it might be This extensive plain begins at Mene. better cultivated. At Caffaba there is a men, and reaches to the Meander i fair on Mondays : the country is well it is upwards of 100 leagues in length; watered, but the air appears thick. its breadth is from four to leven leagues, An Agia of the family of Cara Osman and perhaps more in fome parts. Oglu commands there. This place is The town of Sardis is situated at the celebrated for its melons, which are foot of one of the bases of Mount perhaps the best in the world. The Tmolus, which projects into the plain : merchants of Smyrna have factors at it exhibits the spectacle of a magnj

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ficent city destroyed by time and the It is the most beautiful prospect ima. hands of barbarians. M. de Peyssonel, ginable. who has given a description of it, To the right of Sardis, towards the seems to have taken a very superfi- fouth, is another very plealant valley, cial view of it. The drawing of five watered by a river, which, as well as columns of an ancient temple situated the Pactolus, discharges itself, in the on the plain towards the west, con- plain, into the Hermus. tained in his work, is by no means The caitle of Sardis is situated on the accurate. By a pedestal which is still declivity of the mountain. We climbed Standing it appears, that this temple, to it, not without considerable danger, which was supported by three rows for we were obliged to creep on hands of columns, was ninety-leven paces in and feet over a narrow ridge of land on length, measuring from the above the edge of a precipice ; there is like. pedestal to the opposite column in the wile another on the other lide, but a first row, by fifty-nine in breadth. kind of a parapet prevents one from These columns, as far as they can at seeing it. This pals was defended by present be seen, are nearly thirty feet that sort of turret which the Turk's in height. The temple is of the Ionic now call Kiz-Koulesi. It is supposed to order, and of the higheit antiquity; have been erected by the Persians. from the beauty of the workmanthip There is absolutely nothing in the of what still remains, an idea may be Castle, which was built by the barba. formed of its magnificence ; it was rians from the ruins of the ancient dedicated, according to all appearance, city. We found in the wall a fone to Juno pro nuba, the goddess whole reversed, with a Greek inscription, worthip was eitablished at Sardis. which it is almost impossible to de

In the plain, to the north, and not cyplier : all that we could make out far from the high road, are some beau- was, that it related to a Steptanophoros tiful ruins of a vast edifice, which like. archiereus tis Asias. It is well known, wise seems to have been a temple : that the dignity of Aliarch was the close by it is a building, erected in part highest dignity in the church; that it from the ruins, which may be pre. was elective and annual ; and that it sumed to have been a Christian church. was usually conferred on the molt dif. Farther distant, towards the Pactolus, tinguished person amongst the clergy is a wall, which once constituted part of the large cities of Alia. of an inimense circular edifice relein- To the north of Sardis, at the dif, bling an amphitheatre. These ruins tance of forty stadia, according to Heare of a date anterior to the Romans, rodotus, is the Lake of Gyges, which but not so ancient as the time of Cre- the Turks call Inpligheul. It is very Sus, when the arts had not yet attained extenlive, reaching to the mountains of a certain degree of perfection. A little Marmar. The northern shore of this lower is the Pactolus, which traversed Jake rises in a flope towards Sardis. the Forum. It is a small river, the On this spot, which the Turks at prewater of which is excellent, and very sent call Bing Tépé, are the tombs of Jimpid. It rises the Tmolus, and the ancient Kings of Sardis. They in winter inundates the valley through are very numerous, but three tumuli which it directs its course. We en- are particularly remarkable : the nearcamped on its bank.

est of them to the plain is that of AliaOn the first eminence to the south thes, the father of Cresus. Herodotus of the town is a level spot, where pro. fays, that it is fix itadia and two pletiva bably stood the palace of the Kings ; in circumference, and thirteen plethri and further south, on the most elevated in height. It is very singular, that Summit of this proje&tion of the b:ales of these three tombs, although circu. Tmolus was lituated the Theatre of 'lar at the bale, approach much nearer Şirdis, the prosienium of which was 158 Die pyramidal form towards the top pices wide. The Stadiun, fupported than ihe others ; perhaps from a hy large arcives, is placed exactly oppo. detire of the Kings of those times fire the theatre; the mountain on the to imitate the Egyptian pyramids. lent, formed of earth, like Mount Besides these, a multitude of other Imolus in general, was cut into steps ruins, both ancient and inodlern, is for the spectators. The view from to be seen at Sirdis, that atteit the thepice overlooks the whole plain of great revolutions which this celebrated Suritis and the neighbouring mountains, city bas fuccellively experienced. All

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these ruins are of a greyish stone pro- Wednesday, 6. Quitting Gueldgik, cured from the quarries of Mount you descend the Tmolus into the plain Tmolus. The plain of Sardis, which of Eudemiche, situated three hours formerly made a part of the Hyrcanian journey diftant. The fides of the fields, so called from the colonies which Tmolus are covered with vines, and the Kings of Persia eitablished there, the wine made there is still of such is but little cultivated. Probably the excellent quality as to deserve the inundations of the Hermus, which difs praises beitowed on it by ancient gulted the natives of antiquity with it, authors. They are likewise decorated have likewise deterred the modern with beautiful plantations of oliveones. We observed no villages in it: trees, which extend into the plain of all this valt tract is occupied by No. Eudemiche. This plain forms part of madic Turcomans, who pasture their the. Cilbianian fields of the ancients. flocks there. The city of Sardis itself It is every where fertile and well is reduced to about fifteen Turkish cultivated. Eudemiche is a small town houses, forming a population of less with a great trade in cotton, linen, and than 100 persons, including the Aga corn. and his suite. The present in babit. Thursday, 7. An hour's march from ants of the town appear to be mi. Eudemiche, at the foot of Mount Tmo. lerably poor, and the Pactolus no lus, we found the remains of the an. longer sweeps along his golden land for cient town of Hyppepa, spoken of by thein.

Herodotus, and one of the twelve Tuesday, 5. Leaving Sardis at fix towns destroyed by a great earthquake o'clock in the evening, we crofled in the reign of Tiberius. They confitt Mount Tmolus to go to Eudemiche. of the arches of a large edifice, in About a league from Sardis are ful- perfect prelervation. There are likephureous hot baths, in a place called wise other arched ways and arches of by the Turks Tchamour. We stopped a bridge over a wide ravine, inundated there a few hours to see the affluence in winter by a torrent. This place is of the company collected there from now called Tappui. We there found all parts : it is part of the pleasure, a beautiful mutilated ftatue of a woman, of the Turks. We pafled over Mount which a Turk sold to M. Cousineri for Tmolus in the night : 'it is very high, Joo paras, at the same time loudly ridi. and full of dangerous passes and pre- culing the foily of the Francs, who, as cipices. About four o'clock in the he said, gave such an extravagant price morning we arrived at a place called for such rubbish. The Turks of this Gueldjik, about fix lcagues from village are extremely favage, and all Tchamour. It is an extensive plain the people at work in the plain ran to upon Mount Tinolus itself, at the fee us país. The country which con. southern extremity of which is a small tains the ruins of Hyppefa appears not lake abounding in filh, surrounded to have been at all known, as no tra. with gardens and country houses, veller has yet spoken of it. whither the Turks of the adjacent Friday, 8. From Eudemiche to Bay. villages resort to spend the summer. endir is about seven hours journey.

This is one of the most delightful spots The town of Thyra is fituated at the that I have seen in Turkey. It is foot of the mountain that forins the covered with beautiful trees; horse. fouthern limit of the plain denominated chelnuts, chesnuts, walnuts of the by the ancients the lower Cilbianian Jarge't growth and the greatest beauty; fields. This whole tract is the finest Italian poplars, of which the Turks plain I have seen in Turkey : it is are particularly fond, form charming embelliihed with trees, and perfectly th:ades; you likewise see great num.

well cultivated in every part. The bers of fruit-trees. The view of the town of Thyra, which is very large, Jake, towards the fouth, is bounded by was probably the ancient Mastaoura. a lofty ever. verdant bill, crowned with On a high hill before the town is a trees ; on the banks of the lake is a large tumulus, and another small one Ipot surrounded with a low Itone wall, lower down towards the plain. Bayen. planted with superb plantain and wil dir is a tolerable town, at the foot of low lees, where the Turks aisemble to Mount Tmolus, with a considerable prayers, for want of a mosque. The trade. diglot of this ceremony reminded is Upon leaving that place, you de. of the temples of the primitive ages. scend into the Caistrian fields, the

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northern part of which, like the plain cate, that that ancient town existed in of Thyra, is decorated with olive-trees the vicinity of Tourbali, if even the to the very summit of the mountains ; latter place be not erected on its ruins. the rest is cultivated with corn. The A little farther are seen the remains banks of the Caifter exhibit a view of of a grand aqueduct which traverses sice-fields and gardens in the Turkish the whole plain, where fows the Hyle. This plain is separated by hills Kenkrios of the ancients, which dirfrom that of Tourbali, which is almost charges itself into the Caister. This entirely uncultivated. In the latter plain is separated from that of Djama plain was situated the metropolis of the Ovali by a range of small eminences, as ancients. To the north-west of Tour- is the latter from that of Sedikoi, bali, near a sheep-fold, we discovered where we arrived on Saturday the gth, a cemetery, with marble columns and about nine o'clock in the evening. enormous stones ; which seem to indi.

No. VI.

PRIDE.

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“Ορώ γαρ ημώς εδέν οντας άλλο, πλην
Είδωλο, οσοι σερ ζωμεν, ή κύφην σκιάν. SOPH. AJ. FLAG

Frail mortals are no more

Than a vain image, and an empty Shade. FRANCKLIN. WHEN we are remarking the differ. than for a man to elevate himself upon

ent traits of a man's character, it the possession of honours which others too frequently happens, that Pride is to acquired, or to be vain of an alliance be found in the number of those fail. with those who substitute inaction for ings which present themselves to our labour, and are influenced by no other oblervation. In a few rare instances motive than that of their own gratifica. we may be surprised to meet with it in tion? Were nobility conferred only men possessed of respectable mental upon those who should diftinguith them.' attainments ; but we commonly find it felves by their benevolence, their tain those whom we Mhould have supposed lents, or their erudition, the boast of to be devoid of every pretension to extraction might not be without some vanity. The fondling of fashion may apology ; but until it be so, it cannot indeed, instead of condemning it as a be reconciled to reason. stain, regard it as the badge of dignity Wealth is another source from which and independence ; but to a philoso. Pride very frequently proceeds. He phic mind it cannot assume a more who, not raised by education above the favourable appearance than that of a' prejudices of the crowd, has proposed pitiable weakness. Various are the to himself riches as the sole object of causes which give birth to it in differ. his defires, will very probably betray ent individuals ; but none of them, an elation of mind, when he finds him.' when subjected to the scrutiny of re- self surrounded by the comforts which Hection, will be found sufficient to are now within liis reach, and invested support it.

with that authority which opulence A title is but rarely unaccompanied confei's. Having succeeded in the by a considerable share of self-import. only pursuit to which he has applied ance, and many in a subordinate sta. himself, he will not be wanting in tion of life value theniselves not a commendations of his own activity little that they are able to trace an and prudence ; and, taught from his affinity to some' diftant branch of nobi- youngelt years to consider wealth as lity. But what can be more absurd, the only itandard of precedency, he

• The reason why the plain of Thyra is so well cultivated is, because it is under the immediate jurisdiction of the Khafs of Conftantinople, and consequently is not subject io the vexations as the adjacent country, ruined by petty Agas.

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will accordingly allot to himself no perhaps five hundred years ago. IF mean rank in the scale of society. But he has ever felt inclined' to esteem is it not folly for man to pride himself himself for the firmness of his virtue, upon the posession of those things, or the constancy of his faith, he will be which he must so soon lose? Is it not confounded when he recurs to the ingratitude, nay even presumption, in history of those who have not contented hiin to arrogate to himself merit, bee themselves with mere negative merit, cause Providence has deigned to smile an inoperative assent,, but have upon his exertions ?

manfully faced every temptation, But Pride is by no means confined to proved every ordeal, and sealed their those who are exalted by, dignity of lincerity with their blood. Thus con extraction, or swollen by the greatness vinced of his own comparative un of wealth. In many it proceeds from a worthiness, he will not suffer himself blind admiration of themselves. To to be inflated by the unqualified com. any one who will listen to their self- mendations of ignorance or hypocrisy: praise, they will enumerate with eager: if at any time he discovers, that the ness different instances of their good ramparts which he has raised are en conduct, will repeat with exultation dangered by the aggresions of human their happy observations or their keen vanity, he immediately rallies into the retorts, or will recount with invidious line of his recollection all the failings malignancy the rocks which have of which he is conscious, and Itrengthproved fatal to others, but which they ens his fort by the accession of every have been prudent enough to escape, consideration which can tend to secure

They will seek commendation for their his defence. honesty ; and their religion will be It may not be improper here to made a cause of triumph. But let it be remark,' that many affect to ettecm remembered, that our very best actions pride, as being of service to them are itained by imperfections, and may in refining their notions of honour too frequently be traced to some finil. and decorum, and guarding them ter motive ; and that even when we are aguinst every action which would be most upon our guard, numberless in- «erogatory to their character. But it stances of negligence and transgrefliun, is an abuse of language to give the of ingratitude, impatience, and arro. name of Pride to that noble principle, gance, meet the piercing eye which which elevates us into virtue. That pervades the universe.

greatness of mind which is alluded to When Pride does not proceed from cannot but be disgusteil with the swels any of the foregoing, causes, it may, lings of self-sufficiency, for the inoit part, be attributed to Many argument's might be adduced ignorance. Indeed, this may be per- to shew the abfurdity of priile, and to haps imputed, in foine degree, to such prove, that it is a matter of the greatett 13 have been already mentioned with importance to prevent it from obrain. the greatett propriety. But there is ing in our breits. a very numerous clals of men, whole In the firit place, it renders us ob. excellive self-esteem can only be ac. noxious to our fellow.creatures. It counted for by referring it to the will occur to every attentive observer, weakness of their understandings or that he wlio evidently admires himself the deficiency of their information, is seldom admired by others. Althougfi He who is unconscious of the fupe- he may be poffered of many amiable riority of others, will readily admir qualities, which of themselves are en the inroads of that vanity which is titled to our efteem, itill the oftentata always alfailing the human heart. But tius display of thein is to loatlicome to he who is capable of forming a correct us, that we view liis coirduct with pre. eitimate of those around him, will proc judice, and feel inclined to withhold bably discover, that he is outdone by the commendation which is really due. many in every attainment upon which The humble man, on the contrary, he may value himself. If he has ever infimtes himself into our favour. congratulated himself that he has ftruck We frequently place that to the acout fome original thought, he will

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dividence which is in fact poffibly, in the courfe of his reading, owing to his inability ; his failings be surprised by the occurrence of the we pass over with an air of peculiar very same idea in an author who lived indulgence, and his excellencies, when

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