LAWRENCE'S TONGUELESS BUCKLE. The Subscriber offers for sale the above patent buckle in any quantity, in all parts of the United States, except Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and so much of New York as lies west of the Hudson river. The right to make the buckles for all Pennsylvania and New York belongs solely to the subscriber, and he will furnish buckles to all who own rights to sell and use in those two States; and they must procure them of the subscriber. Persons in those two States, who wish buckles, must furnish to the subscriber a certificate of the patentee, that they own the right to sell or use. For an account in full of this buckle, which is superior to all others, see the American Agriculturist for Sept., 1845. The buckle being without a tongue, the trace is not weakened by cutting holes in it; it is a compound lever, and holds the trace by pressure, and as the pressure condenses the trace it makes the trace stronger, just where the buckle having a tongue makes it weakest; and the greater the draught the greater the pressure of the buckle on the trace. For buckles apply to Cornell, Brothers, 269 Pearl Street, New York. THOS. HOLLIS. GENUINE EAGLE PLOWS. The subscriber is sole Agent in this city for these celebrated plows, and any one else pretending to keep them has only a miserable imitation; the public, therefore, are cautioned to be on their guard against decepilon. The following brief abstract from the circular of the manufacturers, Messrs. Ruggles, Nourse & Mason, will give some idea of the public estimation of their merits. In each year, 1842 and 1843, the Agricultural Society of Essex County, Mass., offered premiums for the best plows, and instituted full investigation and trials, which resulted each year, in awarding to Ruggles, Nourse & Mason, the highest premium. The judging Committee for 1843, in their printed Report, say, "ourattention was called to the quality of the castings on the plows of Ruggles & Co., their finish and durability. Their appearance is certainly more perfect than anything we have elsewhere seen. The process of chilling the point, the entire edge of the share and flange or base of the landside, gives a permanence and durability to the work that renders it of a decidedly superior character," "and we think there is no hazard in saying, that the value of the parts thus made, is more than doubled by the process." The following Table shows the number of premiums awarded to competitors contending for the prizes before the several different societies named, and the number awarded to those who used plows made by Ruggles, Nourse, & Mason. do Plymouth do Bristol do Hampden do do Berkshire do Barnstable Hartford do Windham do Vt., do 1845 8 do do 1845 4 Conn., 1845 do 3 do 1845 the highest, N.Y., 1845 4 do 2 do the highest, do PERUVIAN GUANO AT REDUCED PRICES. The prices at New York and Baltimore will be uniform, and as follows; Fixed price two-and-a-half cents per pound, from which the following discounts will be made. For lots of over 2 tons...... 10 per cent. or 2 ets. per lb. 5 tons......15 10 tons......20 2 2 do. do. and a still further discount on larger parcels. The discounts at other places than New York and Baltimore, will be 5 per cent. less than the above, to cover extra charges of transportation. CAUTION. This is the only parcel of GENUINE PERUVIAN Guano now in this country, and may be had of the following persons: SAML. K. GEORGE, Baltimore. W. WOODBRIDGE, Savannah. Agents of the Undersigned. EDWIN BARTLETT. No. 42 South Street, New York, Jan., 1846. SMITH'S PATENT SEPARATING CORN SHELLER. For which was awarded by the American Institute, New York, a Silver Medal. From recent and extended operations in the trials of these machines at the South, as well as the decisions of scientific and reputable individuals from various and remote parts, the proprietors are now in possession of the most conclusive evidence that this machine not only stands unrivalled, but that its arrangement will ever remain the climax of improvement in Corn Sheilers. In the further support of which, the following additional facts are respectfully submitted, viz.:-Its structure is simple and compact; of strong and durable materials; is easy of transportation; safe in its operation against accident; is adapted to all the various kinds of corn, whether damp or dry; receives the ears promiscuously from the shovel, basket, or crib; breaks neither the corn nor the cobs; is readily attached to any horse or other power (being simply driven by belt or rope); operates in the double capacity of sheller and separater, doing its work perfectly clean, and at the rate of from one hundred to one hundred and fifty bushels per hour. In the manufacture of these machines, the parties concerned have spared neither pains nor expense in the establishment of that system which would produce an article of the greatest utility, accompanied with least expense. The machine in its present and improved style is respectfully submitted as evidence of success; and the proprietors only ask of the public a careful investigation, and they will cheerfully abide the result. In regard to a fixed and uniform price, on which there has been no settled arrangement, the proprietors now have the satisfaction to state that the mode of manufacture has become firmly established, and the price per machine will uniformly he Fifty Dollars. F. N. SMITH, Patentee. Samuel Hanna, proprietor for the States of New York and New Jersey, and general agent for the Atlantic States. The subscriber having become sole manufacturer of the above machine, is now prepared to supply orders, and will forward at the established price. Apply to SAMUEL HANNA, Valatia, Kinderhook, N. Y. · A. B. ALLEN, Agent, 187 Water Street, N. Y. T. B. WHEELER, Travelling Agent for the Southern States. FASTOLFF RASPBERRY. The Subscriber has just received a fresh supply of the above valuable Raspberry, esteemed in England superior to all other varieties. The fruit is very large, of rich flavor, and hears abun dantly. They are ready for delivery as follows: Dutchess do It is but just to remark that the competition was as great between the different plow-makers as between the plowmen; and, in most instances, noted, the plows above-named were strongly contested by Prouty & Mears' (so called) "Centre Draught," Martin's imitation of our " Eagle" plows, and that in every case, the first premiams were awarded to plowmen, who performed from unknown applicants a remittance or satisfactory reference their work with plows made by Ruggles, Nourse & Mason. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y. DAVISON'S PATENT PROCESS FOR CURING MEAT. The undersigned is authorized by the patentees to sell patents for the using and sale of Davison's Apparatus for Curing Meats; and preserving timber; and also for the sale of rights for States. The nature of the apparatus may be learned from the article page 28 in this volume of the Agriculturist. By this process, all kinds of meat can be perfectly cured in twelve hours, and in warm weather as well as cold. It leaves all the juices in the meat, and of course it makes a better article; bacon cured in it may be put to smoke in two days. It is just such an article as every planter in the South should have. Application for rights and for single machines may be made to the subscriber. The price of the machines is from $75 to $300, according to size. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N.Y. Package containing 25 canes, $5. Containing 12 canes, $3. Single canes, 30 cents. These are warranted true to name. Also for sale, a choice collection of green-house and stove plants. Orders addressed to the undersigned will receive attention, and is required. JACOB R. VALK. Horticultural Gardens, Flushing, L. I., N.Y., January 1, 1846. A SUPERIOR STALLION. A thorough-bred stallion for sale, of a fashionable pedigree i five years old; of a blood bay; black legs, mane, and tail, and without white. He stands 154 hands high, and will weigh 1,100 lbs. He has won several races, and is a superb trotter, going level in his pace. He is perfectly sound; kind in temper; possesses great style, and would have made a capital roadster. He has two crosses in him, of the famous imported Messenger, and may be depended on to get first-rate roadsters. His price is $400 which is extremely low for him. He would have brought $1,206 easily three years ago, but his owner having no further use for him is desirous of selling. Also for sale a road stallion 16 hands high, and four years old, of a bay color and fine style. Price $400. Apply to A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street. 72 ADVERTISEMENTS.-CONTENTS. LINNÆAN BOTANIC GARDEN AND NURSERY, (LATE OF WILLIAM PRINCE, Deceased,) FLUSHING, LONG ISLAND, NEAR NEW YORK. The New Proprietors of this ancient and celebrated Nursery, known as PRINCE'S, and exclusively designated by the above title for nearly fifty years, offer for sale a more extensive variety of Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Plants, &c., than can be found in any other nursery in the United States, and the genuineness of which may be depended upon; and they will unremittingly endeavor to merit the confidence and patronage of the public, by integrity and liberality in dealing, and moderation in charges. Descriptive Catalogues, with directions for Planting and Culture, furnished gratis, on application PoST-PAID, and orders promptly executed. WINTER & CO., Proprietors. Flushing, L. 1., Feb., 1846. THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. Published Monthly, by SAXTON & MILES, 205 Broadway, New York, containing 32 pages, royal octavo. Dollars; eight copies for Five Dollars. TERMS-One Dollar per year in advance; three copies for Two among the members, the price will be only FIFTY CENTS a When Agricultural Societies order the work for distribution, year, for the Monthly Numbers, and SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS per copy for bound volumes. It will be expected that these orders come officially, and be signed by the President or Secretary low rate is, to benefit the farming community more extensively of the Society. The object in putting our periodical at this very than it could otherwise be done. We hope, henceforth, to see the Agriculturist in the hands of every Farmer and Planter in the country. Each number of the Agriculturist contains but One sheet, and is transported by mail under the same regulations as newspapers, viz. free any distance not over 30 miles from its place of publica tion; over this and within 100 miles, or to any town in the State of New York, one cent postage on cach number, and one and a kalf cents if over 100 miles, without the State. CHEAP PLOWS FOR THE SOUTH. These plows are made in a far superior manner to any of the same kind ever sent from this market. The woods are of well selected white oak, and got out by Patent Machinery, and are all Editors of newspapers noticing the numbers of this work monthexactly alike, so that if one part wears out, or gets broken, it canly, or advertising it, will be furnished a copy gratis, upon sending be instantly replaced by a duplicate. It is the same also with such notice to this office. the iron parts. The whole material of these plows is warranted of a superior kind. Price of No. 10 Plow................ ..$2.00 44 11 do...... No. 19.. AGENTS FOR THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. Philadelphia..... ..........J. M. Campbell. ........Dr. R. R. Keed. E. H. Pease. ..2.25 ...2.50 ........4.50 ...4.50 Washington, Pa............ Albany, N. Y........ J. M. & Co. No. 2, with coulter.....3.50 A liberal discount from the above prices to dealers. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE. 1 offer for sale my farm of 300 acres and upwards, near the village of Salem. It produces well either grain or grass. The buildings are all that are necessary, and together with the land itself and fences, are all in good order. The garden is well stocked with small fruits and flowers. The situation is pleasant, the country healthy and beautiful. Price $10,000. This property would be exchanged for real estate in any of the Southern States, change of climate being desirable. Salem, Washington County, New York. JOHN SAVAGE. SHEPHERD DOGS FOR SALE. Four very fine pups raised from an imported English dog and Scotch slut. Apply by letter, post paid, to Bn. Gates, 200 Broadway, N. Y. Or may be seen at the above place after 6 P. M. PERUVIAN GUANO AT REDUCED PRICES. The subscriber keeps this superior fertilizer constantly on hand for sale, in bags, barrels, half barrels, and kegs. It comes direct from Mr. Bartlett, the Agent of the Peruvian Company, and is warranted genuine and of a first rate quality. Price for ten tons or more..........2 cents per lb. This Guano is packed in bags weighing from 120 to 150 lbs.; barrels, from 220 to 250 lbs.; half barrels from 115 to 130 lbs. ; kegs about 60 lbs. each. When a larger quantity than one ton is taken, it is expected it will be in bags. No allowance for tare, and no charge for packages. Cartage extra. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water Street, N. Y. FIRE PROOF SAFES. Gayler's Double Salamander Book Safes, warranted Fire Proof. Single Salamander Safes, equal, if not superior, to any made. C. J. Gayler's Double Salamander, is the only Safe yet invented which is, beyond doubt, proof against the action of fire, strong enough to endure a fall from the third story of a building, with locks to each door of the best quality, which will defeat the at tempts of burglars. This really fire proof article is constructed so as to combine two perfect iron safes, one within the other, each being made of wrought bar and plate iron, and lined between with the most perfect non-conducting and indestructible substances. Those who are in want of an article that will afford sure protection, are invited to examine an assortment of the double and single Salamander Safes. Safes made, Book-cases, and any lock required, fitted to order, any size. LEONARD BROWN, 80 Wall Street. One of these Safes can be seen at my warehouse, where orders will be received. A. B. ALLEN, 187 Water St., N. Y. IMPERIAL OATS. A few barrels of these superior oats can be had of the subscriber. Price $4 per barrel, or 1.50 per bushel. A. B. ALLEN. 187 Water Street, N. Y. Syracuse, N. Y....Stoddard & Babcock and L. W. Hail. Auburn, N. Y................. Rochester, N. Y...... .J. C. Derby & Co. .......C. F. Crossman New Orleans............D. Baker & Co. and N. Steele. Woodland, La., East Feliciana........ Rev. A. W. Pool. General Travelling Agents, { ALONZO SHERMAN.. Bound volumes can be obtained of any of our Agents at $1.25 per volume. Value of Anthracite Coal Ashes, Geo. H. Randle Annual Meeting of divin Bw York State Ag. Society } AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. ROTTI DIN Agriculture is the most healthful, the most useful, and the most noble employment of man.-WASHINGTON. VOL. V. ods to e NEW YORK, MARCH, 1846, elles NO. III. A. B. ALLEN, Editor. TO AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. SAXTON & MILES, Publishers, 205 Broadway. close of the year. But we will not anticipate too Subscribers will please remit direct to the pub- EARLY PLOWING. Ir will be recollected that one of our correspondents in volume 4, page 376, proposed that we should offer the paper to Agricultural Societies, when distributed among its members, at the low rate of FIFTY CENTS a year per copy. With a view of aiding all such in the good work in which they are engaged, and to encourage the farmers to become members, the publishers immediately acceded to the proposition, and, in addition, have since offered the volumes handsomely and uniformly bound for SEVENTY-FIVE cents per copy. We hope that these very liberal deductions from regular prices, will be met with a corresponding spirit, and that they may not only be the means of increasing the number of members to these Societies, but ensure a preference among them for the American Agricul- PERHAPS Some of our readers may think that an turist. The great benefit that would arise from the article on plowing in the month of March is dissemination of such a work as this among the rather out of place. This depends entirely upon people must be apparent to all. Some Societies the climate and season. Sometimes we have a have not only taken a large number of copies warm spell of weather in which plowing may be already, but, in addition to this, have employed performed, even in the northern States; but plowagents to go around among the farmers to forming is always going on more or less during this clubs and deliver lectures. This course has again month in the southern States. To those who been marked with success, and finds much favor cultivate clay lands, which they neglected to when properly carried into effect. Would that we plow last autumn, we would say, take the first opcould see a hundred thousand copies of our periodi-portunity when the frost is out to plow such land, cal distributed among the rural population, and faithfully read, although we should not make a single cent by it. There would be a great reform then in many places, and an amount of good done for the farming community that could scarcely be calculated. We earnestly entreat attention to this subject among all interested in agriculture. Since the commencement of the present volume, our paper has materially increased in its circulation, and we have no doubt that several thousand new subscribers will be added to the old list before the and be sure to plow it deep, and be careful to lead clay soil much more friable, and to put it in a better with the roots pulled; when sufficiently thin, state to receive the seed, and with no other prepara- keep them well hoed until the tops cover the tion than a slight harrowing, to prevent its falling ground well; after which a light plow run between too deep in some places between the furrows. We the rows occasionally will only be necessary. write from our own experience in fall and winter plowing, of a very tenacious and stiff clay soil. PARSNIPS. Such is the process of culture; they require no more attention than turnips or carrots; no insect troubles them; if planted early they grow equally well in a hot or a cold summer, as they keep the THIS month, in ordinary seasons, will permit in earth moist; they will grow for nine months in the almost all regions of our country, the planting of year, and need no housing or burying in winter. the vegetables which endure the frost of spring. Can our readers tell us of a root so valuable; Among such are carrots and parsnips. These, of cattle and horses are fond of it, and we know that course, are to be found in every garden; and the it is in every respect equal to carrots, and superior carrot on nearly every farm as a field crop, where to turnips. It grows in all temperatures of sumroots are grown for horses and cattle. As yet the mer, resists all temperatures of winter, and all deparsnip has not been made a field crop to any ex-cay, and thus obviates all the objection made to tent, even in Europe, and not at all in this country. carrots and turnips, viz., the expense and trouble of And still it is perhaps on all accounts the most gathering, storing, and loss from decay. Will our valuable crop of roots that can be grown in any readers not try it? sheep, eat them more readily than carrots, and will not touch potatoes when parsnips are to be had. In Jersey and Guernsey they are used to fat pork as well as beef, and the pork is of the best kind. There is a peculiarity in the parsnip to which we ask attention. It may be turned into a winter crop. It may be planted in August and September, and will get a good growth by winter. In the spring following it will start with the first thaws, and continue to grow well all the following season, and will not seed. By this means very large roots may be grown, and the crop increased in quantity. Seed may be obtained at any seed store at about seventy-five cents per pound. We trust to hear of its extensive cultivation in the coming season. THE STABLE.-No. 8. climate that will not permit the winter exposure of Cows eat parsnips with avidity, and the milk is the turnip; and where the turnip will endure ex-finely flavored, and the butter delicious. Beef made posure, the parsnip does equally well, and is quite from them brings the highest price in the London as productive, and in point of quality far superior.market. All animals, horses, cows, hogs, and In the islands of Jersey and Guernsey they are cultivated extensively, and those who have most experience in their culture prefer them to turnips. In all climates of the United States, north of Virginia, turnips, carrots, and potatoes, must be gathered and housed, or buried in winter; and when housed or buried, though with the utmost care, will in part decay; and if frosted, or over-heated, they are ruined. Hence it is that the farmer needs a crop that in any climate will endure the frost and exposure of winter. In the parsnip he has it. This root may be planted as soon as the frost is out of the ground in the spring; it will grow all the season, and until the ground freezes in the winter; nay, will grow during the thaws of winter; it will stand out through the winter and receive no harm, indeed be improved in its quality by the frost. It may be pulled at any time in the winter, and fed, OUR subject and illustration last month were and thus costs nothing to gather and store; and biting and its management, and prevention; for this nothing is lost by decay, or frost, or heat. This month they are the kindred ones of kicking and its cannot be said of the carrot, turnip, or potato. prevention. Kicking is less common but more Here it is superior to them all; is it inferior in any-dangerous than biting; biting being rarely ever very thing for a feeding crop? In nutritive properties it serious; kicking, however, not unfrequently ending is equal in quantity, and as good in quality as the fatally. Horses that are habitual kickers, are more carrot, and superior in both to the turnip. In given troublesome on account of the injuries inflicted on weights, potatoes are superior to parsnips, carrots, other horses than for those on their attendants. or turnips; but of these there may be raised with Some horses seem to have a mania for kicking; in the same trouble, expense, and manure, three times the harness they kick their mates, in the stables all the quantity that can of potatoes. We have seen within reach, and when they cannot harm other at the rate of 1,200 bushels of parsnips taken from horses, will kick at the stall partitions, or if those an acre of ground. The same ground, under like cannot be reached, will kick into the air. In such culture, yielded only 300 bushels of potatoes. horses there will be found an excess of nervous We recommend a general introduction of pars- energy, and they are expending it by this mode of nips as a field crop, as late winter and spring feed-exercise. Such horses are less vicious in pasture, ing for swine, horses, and cattle, and especially for for there they have full opportunity to exhaust milch cows. Let the ground be a mellow loam; themselves. In full work they moderate their proplow well and deeply; manure well and abundantly pensity, and in excessive work lose it altogether. with both fine rotted, and coarse unrotted manure; This species of kicker is beyond the reach of cure; Sow two pounds of seed to the acre; make the the necessity of physical action to exhaust nervous drills twenty inches apart; sow early, the earlier energy is so great, that the fear of punishment is of the better, say in March; cultivate well; stir the no avail. He will break loose in his stable, at any ground often, and keep all weeds down; have hour, day or night, and kick his stall companions. the roots about eight inches apart, and for this pur- Antipathies, he has none, for he will kick one and pose commence to thin at the end of a month after all alike. If such a horse is to be kept, he should they show above ground, and feed the milch cows be shut in a close box stall, and even then should be THE STABLE. fastened with a halter having a throat latch. This will make a double security. If the door be left open, the halter will detain him; if the halter be slipt or broken the close stall prevents escape. But with all this security he will do mischief, when not in hard work. It is poor economy to keep such a horse. He may be most valuable as a worker, but he may very easily ruin a horse just as good as himself, and he may ruin himself. His only place is in a large coaching establishment, where eternal work keeps him subdued in energy, till death ends both life and kicking. A different kicker is he who does it from badness of temper; in him it is malice; he kicks to do injury and gratify his violence of disposition. This kind of kicker is the most dangerous of all. He cannot be guarded against; work does not subdue him, but seems to make him more violent. If groom and horse keep away from him, he will not often seek them; but he will suffer no opportunity to escape him to inflict a blow if they come within reach. He will have favorites, and them, whether groom or horse, he will not touch; he will have antipathies, and against those he hates he is ever vigilant and never spares them. In the stable he will kick as he goes to and from the stall, or as others pass him; in the pasture he will be kind to his favorites and savage to those he dislikes. Unless he fancies his groom, there is constant war between them; all the operations of the stable are of a nature to make him worse. Such a horse can only be managed by a groom that is a favorite with him, and he should have none but favorite companions both for the stall and the harness, about him. With these precautions he may be rendered measurably harmless, but is never safe. At times he will lose all his likings and kick grooms and companions. This will happen whenever he is hungry, and is not fed as soon as pleases him, or is sick or tired. This kind of kicker is sometimes without a single redeeming or manageable quality. He will have no favorite. He is then worse than useless. His destiny should be a coaching establishment, where, as a wheeler at hard work, he may soon wear out a dangerous existence. 75 will end life and vice together, that as short a period may be given as possible to endanger the lives of grooms and safe horses. Our cut this month illustrates a method of man aging a kicker. A rope is attached to the headstall of the halter, and passes directly back to the post of the stall partition. When the groom is to enter the stall he pulls the horse's head by the rope back to the post, and then seizes him by the head. When he leaves the stall he carries the head back with him till he can safely escape. Another method is to have a small door in the partition at the head of the horse; through this the groom enters and comes out safely. When this can be done it is the best mode; and where it cannot be the rope should be used. STALL FOR A KICKER.-FIG. 17. In the management of kickers nothing but couMany horses are taught to kick; for this the rage will answer. The horse discovers timidity horses should not be punished, but the groom. If very quickly, and is not slow to avail himself of the they be not old, and be treated kindly and punished advantage it gives him to carry his point. The for the fault, and all arts to make them kick be dis-groom should be bold, and when he approaches the continued, they will soon lose the habit. Most horse should give him warning; the whip or the horses in training will kick; the constant use of loud voice will intimidate, and the horse should be the brush and curry-comb, with the teasing of idle placed on the one side of the stall when it is enboys, brings on the habit; yet after they are re-tered. Directly the horse sees there is no fear of moved from the exciting causes, the vice ceases. him, and that he will be punished, he submits if he This kind of kicking is never dangerous; the horse be not a ferocious one. Still he is to be watched; will rarely attempt to injure, he merely threatens; for if he be not, he will soon know it, and a blow yet sometimes when much irritated will do mischief. will be the result. Many give warning; they flirt The vice in him may be removed by the omission of the tail and raise the leg; such are easily avoided; all teasing, by kind treatment, and punishment others give none, and strike very rapidly; others when deserved. In all such cases hold the groom only when the groom leaves the stall, or when his esponsible, and the horse will be what he should. back is turned. In all these cases the management Some horses only kick at others, and never at per- is the same; constant watching, decision, threatensons; keep such separate and they are harmless. ing and punishment, if these will deter; and if not, Kicking horses are frequently so valuable that, then the reliance must be on the door by the head, or like savage biters, they are to be kept at all hazards. the rope. In all cases the groom should keep near Such are good stallions and brood mares. These, his horse, so that the kick will be a push instead of as they must be kept, must be guarded against. a blow; and all kickers should be shod with flat All others had better be placed where rapid work'shoes without caulks. |