surpassed, they must ever be entitled to honour and gratitude as the first who enriched the French literature with the immortal productions of Greek and Roman genius. Voltaire, who calls her one of the prodigies of that age, says, "No woman has ever rendered greater services to literature." See BURETTE, "Eloge de Madame Dacier:" "Nouvelle Biographie Générale;" SAINTE-BEUVE, "Causeries du Lundi." Dagar, dagar', (JACQUES,) a French painter, born in Paris in 1640; died in Denmark in 1715. Dagg, (JOHN LEADLEY,) D.D., LL.D., a Baptist cler gyman, born at Middleburg, Virginia, February 13, 1794, was ordained in 1817, and from 1844 to 1856 was president of Mercer University, Penfield, Georgia. Among his works are a "Manual of Theology," (1857) "Elements of Moral Science," (1859,) and "Evidences of Christianity," (1868.) Died June 11, 1884. Dacier, (BON JOSEPH,) a French savant, born at Valogne, in Normandy, in 1742, went to Paris in early Daggett, (DAVID,) LL.D., an eminent American lawyouth. He became a member of the Academy of In-yer and judge, born at Attleborough, Massachusetts, in scriptions in 1772, and in 1782 was chosen perpetual 1764, graduated at Yale College in 1783. He was United secretary of that institution, which he enriched with States Senator from 1813 to 1819. He became instructor numerous historical dissertations. Though he favoured in the law school of Yale College in 1824, and was apthe cause of the Revolution, Louis XVI. offered him pointed Kent professor of law in 1826. In 1832 he was about 1791 the portfolio of finance, which he declined. made chief justice of the State. Died in 1851. At the creation of the Institute, in 1795, he was chosen a member of the class of moral and political sciences. He was a useful member of the Tribunate from 1802 until its suppression. In 1822 he was admitted to the French Academy. Dacier composed eulogies on one hundred and fifty Academicians from 1782 to 1826, and translated the "Cyropædia" of Xenophon. Died in 1833 See SILVESTRE DE SACY, "Notice sur Dacier," 1834: QUÉRARD, "La France Littéraire." Da Costa, (CLAUDIO MANOEL.) See COSTA, DA. Da Costa, då kos'ta, (EMANUEL MENDEZ,) was foreign secretary of the Royal Society of London, and author of a "Natural History of Fossils," (1757,) and other scien tific works. Died about 1788. Da Costa, da kos'ta, (ISAAC,) a Dutch poet, born at Amsterdam, January 14, 1798, of Jewish family, graduated as doctor of laws at Leyden in 1818, and in 1822 many volumes of poetry of decided merit, and a number of theological works. Died at Leyden, April 28, 1860. Da Cos'ta, (JACOB M.,) M.D., an eminent physician, born in the Island of Saint Thomas, West Indies, in 1833. He was educated in Philadelphia and in Europe, and in 1872 became professor of the practice of medicine in Jefferson College, Philadelphia. His principal work is a treatise on "Medical Diagnosis." Died in 1900. Da Cunha, (J. A.,) a Portuguese mathematician and poet, lived about 1790. became an orthodox Protestant Christian. He wrote Daddi, dad'dee, (BERNARDO,) an Italian painter, born at Arezzo; died in 1380. Daddi, (COSIMO,) a painter of the Florentine school, lived about 1600. Dadin or Dadine. See HAUTE-SERRE. Dadouville, da'doo'vèl', (JACQUES,) a satirical and facetious French poet of the sixteenth century, Dædalus, dêd'a-lus, [Gr. Aaidaños; Fr. DÉDALE, da'dal',] an artist and inventor, celebrated in the Greek mythology, is said to have excelled in sculpture and in architecture, and may be regarded as a personification of artistic ingenuity. Tradition ascribes to him the Labyrinth of Crete, and the invention of the saw, auger, etc. It is said that he made wings, by which he was enabled to fly from Crete to Sicily, and that his son Icarus, who was his companion in this aerial voyage, fell into that sea which has since been named the Icarian Sea. See PAUSANIAS, i., ii., iii., v., vii., viii., ix. ; HYGINUS, “Fabulæ." Dael, van, van dål, (JOHN FRANCIS,) a Flemish painter, born at Antwerp in 1764; died in 1840. Daele, van, van da'lẹh, (JOHN,) a Flemish landscapepainter, flourished about 1560. D'Agincourt, da'zhân'koor', (Jean Baptiste LOUIS SEROUX,) a French antiquary, born at Beauvais in 1730, obtained the office of farmer-general. In pursuing the study of archæology, he visited various countries of Europe, and at length settled in Rome, where he emwork, entitled "History of Art by Monuments from its ployed his time in composing an extensive and valuable Decadence in the Fourth Century to its Restoration in the Sixteenth," (6 vols. folio, 325 plates.) The last volume appeared in 1823. Died at Rome in 1814 Dagnan, dan yoN', (ISIDORE,) a skilful French landscape-painter, born at Marseilles in 1794, won a gold medal of the first class at Paris in 1831. Among his of Nice," (1843.) Died November 8, 1873. works are a "View of Lake Geneva," and "The Bridge French painter, born at Paris in 1852. He studied Dagnan-Bouveret, (PASCAL ADOLPHE JEAN,) a with Gérôme, was awarded the Prix de Rome, received a medal of honor at the Paris Exposition of 1889, and was made an officer of the Legion of Honour in 1892. Among his best works are "Horses at the Watering Trough" and "The Parental Blessing," which was purchased by the Russian government. Dagobert. See DAIMBERT. King of the Franks, born about 602 A.D., was the son Dag'o-bert (or da go'baiR') [Lat. DAGOBERʼTUS] L of Clotaire II., whom he succeeded in 628. He died in 638, leaving two minor sons, Sigebert, King of Austrasia, and Clovis II., King of Neustria. Dagobert II., King of Austrasia, was the son and heir of Sigebert II., who died in 656 A.D. Grimoald, mayor of the palace, sent the infant Dagobert to Scotland, reported that he was dead, and proclaimed his own son as king. Dagobert returned in 674, and recovered the kingdom, but was assassinated in 679. Dagobert III., King of the Franks, succeeded his Like several of his father, Childebert III., in 711 A.D. predecessors, he had only the name of king, the real power being usurped by Pepin, mayor of the palace, who died in 714. Dagobert died in 715, leaving an infant son, Thierry IV., whom Charles Martel invested with the form of royalty. Dagobert, da'go'baiR', (LUC SIMEON AUGUSTE,) a French general, born at or near Saint-Lo in 1736. He distinguished himself in the campaign of Italy in 1792, and in 1793 was appointed general-in-chief of the army of the Pyrenees. He defeated the Spaniards near Olette. and took Urgel after a decisive victory, in which he was mortally wounded, in 1794. Dagoty. See GAUTIER Dagoumer, da'goo'mà', (GUILLAUME,) a Frenca philosopher, born at Pont-Audemer, was the author of a "Course of Philosophy," (in Latin, 1701-03.) Died in 1745. Daendels, dan'dels, (HERMANN WILLEM,) an able Dutch general, born at Hattem in 1762. He entered the French army about 1792, and as general of brigade served under Pichegru in Holland in 1794. He became a general of division in the service of the Batavian re- Daguerre, da'gaiR', (LOUIS JACQUES MANDÉ,) a public about 1796, and exercised great influence in the French artist, whose name has been rendered memora state until 1803, when he resigned. He was restored to ble by the invention of the Daguerrotype,-a picture his rank by King Louis, who made him marshal of Hol- formed on a metallic plate by the chemical action of land in 1807. From 1808 to 1811 he was Governor-light,-was born at Cormeilles in 1789. After acquiring General of the Dutch colonies in the East Indies, which he ruled with ability. He commanded a division in Russia in 1812. Died in 1818. See "Nouvelle Biographie Générale ;" RAFFLES, "History of Java," 1817. great skill as a scene-painter in Paris, he co-operated with Bouton in the invention of the diorama, about 1822, which they exhibited with decided success in Paris and London until 1839, when their building and its contents were destroyed by fire. About 1830 he began to make DAGUESSEAU 761 DAIMBERT He attacked Fort Sumter by night in September, 1863, and attempted to take it by storm, but was not successful. Died in 1870. researches and experiments in photography in conjunc-| tion with Niepce, who died in 1833. His patience and ingenuity at length perfected the grand desideratum of rendering indelible the authentic image and signature Dahlgren, dål'grēn, (KARL JOHAN,) a Swedish poet, of nature. The invention announced by Arago in the born near Norrkjöping in 1791, was minister of a church Academy of Sciences, in 1839, produced a profound in Stockholm. He published Juvenile Writings," sensation. A pension of 6000 francs was granted by ("Ungdomskrifter," 1829,) and "Collected Writings or the Chamber of Deputies to Daguerre, on condition Works," ("Samlade Skrifter," 1834.) Died in 1844. that the process should be made public. Talbot, in See BROCKHAUS, "Conversations-Lexikon." England, also, by independent experiments, obtained Dahlgren, (Colonel ULRIC,) an American officer, born photographic pictures by a different process; but the in 1842, was a son of Rear-Admiral Dahlgren,_noticed honour of priority is conceded to M. Daguerre. He above. He became aide-de-camp successively to Generals continued to make improvements in the art as long as Sigel, Burnside, and Hooker, and distinguished himself he lived, and published two short treatises on the sub- by heroic courage in several actions. In July, 1863, he ject. Died in 1851. led a charge at Hagerstown, where he lost a leg. He commanded a body of cavalry in a raid against Richmond, the outer works of which he assaulted, but was repulsed. He was killed in his retreat, March 4, 1864. See LEREBOURS, "Traité de Photographie:" A. GAUDIN, "Traité pratique de Photographie:" "Nouvelle Biographie Générale;" British Quarterly Review" for July and October, 1866. Daguesseau. See AGUESSEAU. Daguet, diga', (ALEXANDRE,) a Swiss historian and distinguished teacher, was born at Freiburg, March 12, 1816. At first an Ultramontane in politics, he finally went over to the Radical side. His chief work is "His. toire de la Confédération suisse," (1851; 7th edition, 1879.) Died May 21, 1894. Dahl, dal, (JOHN CHRISTIAN CLAUSEN,) a Norwegian landscape-painter, born at Bergen about 1788, settled in Dresden in 1818, and acquired a high reputation. He chose the subjects of his master-pieces among the grand and sombre scenery of Northern Europe. His marine views are much admired. Died in 1857. See BROCKHAUS, "Conversations-Lexikon." Dahl, (KONRAD,) a Norwegian clergyman, born near Drontheim, June 24, 1843. He has published several tales illustrating life in the far north of Norway. Dahl, dal, (MIKAEL,) a Swedish portrait-painter, born at Stockholm in 1656, studied in Paris and in Italy, and settled in London in 1688. He became a fashionable artist, and was patronized by the royal family. Died in 1743. Dahl, dal, (VLADIMIR IVANOVITCH,) a popular Rus sian novelist of the present century, was born at Saint Petersburg. He published, under the name of "Kosak Luganski," several novels, among which is "The Dream and the Awaking." He served some years in the army, from which he retired about 1835. He excels in the delineation of the characters and manners of the lower classes. Died at Moscow, November 3, 1872. Dahlberg, dal'berg, (ERIC,) an eminent Swedish engineer and general, born in 1625, became directorgeneral of all the fortresses. He planned the successful expedition of Charles Gustavus when the latter marched over the ice against the Danes in 1658. In the reign of Charles XI. he was made Governor-General of Livonia, field-marshal, and count. He formed the plan and drew the designs of the work entitled "Ancient and Modern Sweden," ("Suecia antiqua et hodierna," 1700.) Died in 1703. Dahlbom, dal'bom, (ANDERS GUSTAF,) a distinguished Swedish entomologist, born at Forssa, in East Gothland, in 1806. He is the author of numerous Latin works on insects, among which is "The Hymenoptera of Northern Europe," (" Hymenoptera Europea præcipue Borealia," 2 vols., 1845-52.) He became professor of natural history at Lund about 1844. Died in 1859. Dahlgren, dål'gken, (FREDRIK AUGUST,) a Swedish poet, born in Wermland, Sept. 20, 1816. He published some volumes of popular lyrics, some translated and original dramas, a "History of the Swedish Stage," and other works, historical and philological. Died in 1895. Dahlgren, dål'grẻn, (JOHN A.,) a rear-admiral, of Swedish extraction, born in Philadelphia in 1809. He became a lieutenant about 1838. He devoted several years to experiments under the direction of the bureau of ordnance, made important changes in naval armament, and invented the shell-gun which bears his name. In 1855 he obtained the rank of commander. He took command of the navy-yard at Washington in May, 1861, and was appointed chief of the bureau of ordnance in July, 1862. In June, 1863, he became commander of the South Atlantic squadron, employed in the siege of Charleston. German historian, born at Wismar, in Mecklenburg, in Dahlstjerna, dāl-shêr'nå, (GUNNO,) a Swedish poet, maps tember 7, 1709. Dahm, dam, (Johann Michael,) a German jurist, who was professor at Mentz. Died about 1772. born at Hamburg, February 9, 1834. He studied law at Dahn, dẫn, (FELIX,) a versatile German historian, Munich and Berlin, and in 1863 became law-professor at Würzburg. In 1872 he was transferred to Königsberg. He published "Die Könige der Germanen," (6 vols., 1861-71,) and a number of minor studies of German history, also a "History of the Migration of the Nations," (1880-81,) and an “Ancient History of the Germanic and Romanic Peoples," (1881-83.) He has also written some works on the philosophy of law, several volumes of poems, and a number of romances, besides libretti, plays, etc. He sician, born at Lille in 1732. Under the republican Daignan, dan'yon', (GUILLAUME,) a French phy. régime he became first physician to the armies. published many able medical works. Died in 1812. about 1490, wrote on Tortoises, Frogs, Snails, etc. Died Daigue, dag, (ÉTIENNE,) a French naturalist, born about 1560. French Protestant divine, born at Châtellerault in 1594 Daillé, d'ya', [Lat. DALL'US,] (JEAN,) an eminent From 1626 to 1670 he ministered at the church of Charenton, near Paris. He was one of the most learned and eloquent Protestants of his time, and published "Treatise on the Right Use of the Fathers in Deseveral works on theology, among which are a celebrated ciding Religious Disputes," (1628,) and an "Apology for the Reformed Churches," (1633.) The former is called by Hallam "a well-timed and important book." of historical theology in their stronghold." Died in 1670. "He was the first who boldly attacked the new school See "Abrégé de la Vie de Daillé," by his son ANDRÉ, prefixed to a volume of his Sermons, 1670. Daillon, da'yon', (JACQUES,) a French Protestant minister, born at Anjou in 1645; died in London in 1726. Dailly. See AILLY. Daimbert, dån'baiR', or Dagobert, dagobain', commanded the Pisan and Genoese army in the first crusade, and arrived in Palestine soon after the conquest of Jerusalem, (1098,) of which he became the first Latin patriarch. He aspired to the throne at the death of Godfrey; but his rival, Baldwin I., was preferred. Died in Sicily in 1107. See MICHAUD, "Histoire des Croisades." Daire, dar, (LOUIS FRANÇOIS,) a French writer and monk, born at Amiens in 1713, wrote a "History of Amiens," and other works. Died in 1792. Dairval. See BAUDELOT. Daityă, dīt'ya, (English plural, DAITYAS,) in Hindoo mythology, the sons of DITI, (which see.) They are regarded as evil beings or demons, and, according tc some writers, are the same as the Asuras. Da'kins, (WILLIAM,) one of the English translators of the Bible in the time of James I., was employed on the Epistles of Paul, and other Epistles. Died in 1607. Dǎk'shǎ, [common Hindoo pron. duk'sha,] a Hindoo deity, usually regarded as an avatar (but by some as a son) of Brahma. Daksha having offended Siva, the latter killed him by cutting off his head: he afterwards restored him to life, but the head, having accidentally been burnt up, was replaced by that of a goat. This explains why Daksha is usually represented with a goat's head. Dalayrac, da ́la'ra k', (NICOLAS,) a skilful French musician and composer, born at Muret in 1753, went to Paris in 1774, and worked twenty-eight years for the Comic Opera. He was very successful in various kinds of music. Among his master-pieces are "The Little Savoyards," "Camille," and "Nina." Died in 1809. Dalberg, dal'bêRG, (NILS,) a Swedish physician, was president of the Academy of Sciences at Stockholm. The genus Dalbergia was named in honour of him by Linnæus. Died in 1820, aged about eighty. Dalberg, von, fon dål′berg, (EMERIC JOSEPH,) DUKE, a German diplomatist, born at Mentz in 1773, was a son of Wolfgang Heribert. He was made a peer of France and councillor of state by Napoleon in 1810. Died in 1833. Dalberg, von, (Johann ĈamereR,) a German bishop, was born at Oppenheim in 1445. He became Bishop of Worms in 1482, two years before which he founded at Heidelberg the most ancient academy of Germany, called "Societas Literaria Rhenana." He contributed much to the progress of learning among the Germans. Died in 1503. Dalberg, von, (KARL THEODOR ANTON MARIA,) an eminent German author and prelate, was born of a noble family at Herrnsheim in 1744. He was appointed governor of Erfurt by the Elector of Mentz in 1772. In 1802 he became Archbishop of Mentz, and arch-chancellor of the empire. He received from Napoleon the titles of Prince Primate of the Confederation of the Rhine, (1806,) and Grand Duke of Frankfort in 1810. On the fall of Napoleon he was deprived of these dignities, but retained the archbishopric of Ratisbon. He was author of severa; popular works, among which are "Contemplations on the Universe," ("Betrachtung über das Universum," 1777,) and "The Influence of the Sciences and Fine Arts on the Public Tranquillity," (1793.) Died in 1817. See ZAPF, "Dalberg Gressherzog von Frankfurt," 1810; CRAMER, "Karl Theodor von Dalbe: 1821; BROCKHAUS, "Conversations Lexikon;""Nouvelle Biographie Ge..é.ale." Dalberg, von, (WOLFGANG HERIBERT,) BARON, a German poet, born in 1750, was a brother of the preceding. He was a liberal patron of arts and sciences. He wrote dramas entitled "Cora," (1780,) and " "Montesquieu," (1787,) and others translated or imitated from Shakspeare. Died in 1806. D'Albert, (EUGENE,) pianist and composer, born at Glasgow, Scotland, April 10, 1864. He gave concerts with great success in all parts of Europe and in the United States. He produced the operas "The Ruby," "Ghismonda," Gernot," and "The Departure," and many minor musical works. Dalborgo, dål-bor'go, (FLAMINIO,) an Italian jurist and historian, born at Pisa in 1706, was for many years professor of Roman law in the university of that city. His principal work is a volume of "Essays on the History of Pisa." Died in 1768. D'Albret. See ALBRET. Dal'by, (ISAAC,) an English mathematician, born in Gloucestershire in 1744, received a very defective education, and is numbered among the self-taught men who have attained eminence under great disadvantages. He went to London in 1772, and engaged as a teacher in Archbishop Tenison's school. From 1787 to 1790 he assisted General Roy in a trigonometrical survey for the purpose of connecting the meridians of Greenwich and Paris. He was appointed professor of mathematics in the Royal College of High Wycombe in 1799. He published a valuable "Course of Mathematics," (2 vols., 1805.) Died in 1824. Dale. See VAN DALE. Dāle, (DAVID,) a Scottish philanthropist, born at Stewarton in 1739, was the first proprietor of the Lanark Mills, well known as the scene of experiments in social economy, made by Robert Owen, who married the daughter of Mr. Dale. The latter was noted for his benevolence to his operatives. Died in 1806. See CHAMBERS, "Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen, vol. v. Dale, (ROBERT WILLIAM,) an English Congregationalist divine, born in London, December 1, 1829. He was educated at Spring Hill College, Birmingham, and graduated at the University of London in 1853. He published "Week-Day Sermons," "Life of J. A. James," "The Ultimate Principle of Protestantism," "The Atonement," and other works. Died in 1895. Dāle, (RICHARD,) an American commodore, born near Norfolk, Virginia, in 1756. He served with distinction in the Revolutionary war, and obtained the rank of captain in 1794- He resigned his commission in 1802. Died in 1826. See "National Portrait-Gallery of Distinguished Americans," vol. iii. botanist, born in 1659, practised medicine at Bocking. Dale, (SAMUEL) F.R.S., an English physician and He published a work on "Materia Medica," (1693,) the Antiquities of Harwich and Dover Court," (1730,) and Died in 1739. treatises on botany, etc. Dale, (THOMAS,) an English divine and poet, born in London in 1797. He produced in 1818 "The Widow of Nain," and in 1824 a version of Sophocles. He became canon of Saint Paul's in 1843, and vicar of Saint Pancras, London, in 1846. Several volumes of his sermons have been published. He wrote other popular religious works, among which is the "Sabbath Companion," (2d Series, 1844) Died in 1870. Magazine" for November, 1820. See "Quarterly Review" for December, 1824; "Blackwood's Dale, (Sir THOMAS,) an English magistrate, who was sent to Virginia in 1611 with a number of colonists, and founded the town of Henrico, on the James River. Dalechamps, dāl'shôn', (JACQUES,) a learned French physician and botanist, born at Caen in 1513. In 1552 he settled at Lyons, where he practised with success until his death. He formed a project to unite in a single work all previous acquisitions in botanical science, and it to Desmoulins. The result was a "General History after expending thirty years on it, left the completion of of Plants," (1586,) a work of much merit, containing 2731 figures. He also published editions of Pliny and Athenæus, and several medical treatises. Died in 1588. See SPRENGEL, "Historia Botanica;" HALLER, "Bibliotheca Botanica." D'Alembert. See ALEMBErt, d'. Dal-e-mi'lus, written also Dalemile, was born at Mezritsch, in Bohemia, and wrote in verse a history of his country, which was finished in 1314, and is one of the oldest monuments of the Bohemian language. Dalen, van, vẫn dả’len, (CORNELIS,) a skilful Dutch engraver, born at Haarlem in 1640. He engraved historical pictures after Rubens and other masters, and portraits of eminent persons. Dalens, van, vẫn dả’lẻns, (DIRCK or THIERRY,) a Dutch painter, born at Amsterdam in 1659, painted landscapes with success. Died in 1688. Dal-gairns', (JOHN DOBREE,) (in religion, BERNARD,} a British theologian, born in the island of Guernsey in 1818. He was a disciple of Newman in the Tractarian movement, and followed his leader into the Roman DALGARNO Catholic Church in 1845. His principal works are "The Dal-gar'no, (GEORGE,) born at Aberdeen about 1626, taught a private grammar-school in Oxford for about thirty years. In 1661 he published his "Art of Signs," ("Ars Signorum," etc.,) from which, it appears, Bishop Wilkins derived the idea of his "Essay toward a Real Character." He wrote also "The Deaf and Dumb Man's Tutor," (1680,) and has the credit of inventing the first manual alphabet. Died in 1687. See CHAMBERS," Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen;" 'Edinburgh Review" for July, 1835. Dalgas, dal'gås, (CARL FREDERIC ISAAC,) a Danish writer on agriculture, born at Fridericia in 1787. Dalhousie, Earl of. See PANMURE, Lord Dalhousie, dal-hoo'ze, (GEORGE RAMSAY,) ninth EARL OF, a Scottish general, born in 1770, was a son of the Earl of Dalhousie. He fought under Wellington in the Peninsular war, was made a major-general in 1813, and distinguished himself at Waterloo. He was appointed Governor-General of Canada in 1819, and commanded the army in India from 1829 to 1832. Died in 1838. Dall, dăl, (CAROLINE HEALEY,) an American author born at Boston, Massachusetts, in 1824. In 1844 she was married to Charles Henry Apple Dall, a Unitarian minister. She became distinguished as an advocate of woman's rights and an opponent of slavery. Her works include "College, Market, and Court,' ""Woman's Right to Labour," Essays on Confucius," "Essays on Biblical Criticism,' Patty Gray's Journey," etc. Dall, (WILLIAM HEALEY,) an American author and scientist, a son of the preceding and of Rev. Charles H. A. Dall, was born at Boston, Massachusetts, August 21, 1845. He was a pupil of Prof. Agassiz, and in 1866-68 visited Alaska in a telegraphic expedition. He was on the United States Coast Survey, Alaska, 1871-84, and paleontologist on the Geological Survey, 1884-98; also was attached to the National Museum after 1880, after 1893. He is a member of the National Academy and professor in the Wagner Free Institute of Science of Sciences. As a naturalist, he has given much attention to the mollusks and brachiopods, and especially to the limpets. He has published "Alaska and its Resources,' (1870,) a volume of "Contributions to North American Ethnology," (1877,) “Meteorology and Bibliography of Alaska," (1879,) "Coast Pilot of Alaska," (1884,) and "Tribes of the Extreme Northwest," besides a large number of scientific papers. Dallæus. See DAILLÉ. Dallamano, (GIUSEPPE,) an Italian painter, born at Módena in 1679; died in 1758. Dalhousie, (JAMes Andrew RamSAY,) first MARQUIS OF, a British statesman, son of the preceding, was born near Edinburgh in 1812. He was returned to Parliament for Haddington in 1837. On the death of his father, in 1838, he became tenth Earl of Dalhousie, and entered the House of Lords. His political principles are designated as Liberal-Tory. About 1845 he was appointed, Dǎl'las, (ALEXANDER JAMES,) an American states. by Sir Robert Peel, president of the Board of Trade, in man and lawyer, born in the island of Jamaica in 1759. which department he displayed so much practical ability He emigrated to Philadelphia in 1783, acquired distincthat when a new Whig ministry was formed, in 1846, he tion as a lawyer, and became an active supporter of the was retained in office. He was appointed Governor- Republican party. In 1801 he was appointed district General of India in 1847. His administration appears attorney of the United States by President Jefferson. to have been generally approved by the British. He He became secretary of the treasury in the cabinet of waged a successful war against the Sikhs, annexed the Madison in October, 1814, when, in consequence of the Punjab, Pegu, Oude, etc. to the British dominions, and war against Great Britain, the financial condition of the developed the resources of Hindostan. In 1849 he was country was extremely depressed. Mr. Dallas at once created Marquis Dalhousie. He constructed railroads, recommended to Congress, in a report which is still repromoted manufactures, and made various public im-garded as one of the ablest ever issued from the treasury provements. He returned to England in 1856, and died, department, the establishment of a national bank. The without male issue, in December, 1860. His cousin, energy which he brought to his branch of the public serLord Panmure, succeeded to the earldom of Dalhousie. vice enabled him in a few months to procure a loan on See "Edinburgh Review" for January, 1863; "Blackwood's favourable terms, and in January, 1815, United States Magazine" for August, 1856; "Fraser's Magazine" for August, 1855. treasury notes were negotiable at par with interest added. Dalibard, da'le'bar', (THOMAS FRANÇOIS,) a French In March he undertook the additional trust of secretary botanist, born at Crannes about 1703. He published in of war. In November, 1816, Mr. Dallas retired from 1749 a work on the plants growing near Paris,-"Floræ public life, and resumed his profession in Philadelphia Parisiensis Prodromus," and was the first botanical Died in 1817. He edited for some time the "Columbian writer of France that adopted the system of Linnæus, Magazine," and in 1790 published "Reports of Cases in who named in honour of him the Rubus Dalibarda. He the Courts of the United States and Pennsylvania," (4 was the first Frenchman who employed the lightning-rod, vols. 8vo,) which, says Lord Mansfield, "do credit to the the idea of which he obtained from Franklin's writings. court, the bar, and the reporter." He also published the He erected at Marly an iron rod, with which he drew "Laws of Pennsylvania from 1700 to 1801," (4 vols. 8vo,) the electric fluid from the sky in May, 1752, one month "Exposition of the Causes and Character of the Late before Franklin's experiment with the kite. Died in War," (1815,) and various other works. Paris in 1779. See B. HAURÉAU, "Histoire littéraire du Maine;" Biographie Médicale." Dalibray or Dalibrai, dale'bra', (CHARLES VION,) SIEUR, a French poet, born in Paris about 1590. He made poetical versions of Tasso's "Aminta" and "Torismena," and of other Italian and Spanish works. He also wrote some original verses. Died in 1654. Dalin, von, fon då'lin, (OLOF,) an eminent Swedish historian and poet, born at Winberga in 1708. He became librarian to the king in 1737, and acquired reputation by a poem on Swedish liberty in 1743. He was soon after employed by the Diet to write a history of Sweden, which was issued from 1747 to 1762 and was received with favour. About 1750 he was appointed preceptor to the heir of the crown, afterwards Gustavus III. He received a title of nobility and the order of the Polar Star, and in 1763 was appointed chancellor of the court. His writings, among which are several odes, and a tragedy named "Brunehilde," form a new era in Swedish literature, which before his time was almost uncultivated. Died in 1763. Dǎl'las, (ALEXANDER ROBERT CHARLES,) an English clergyman, first-cousin of George M. Dallas, and a son of Robert Charles, noticed below. After serving as an officer in the army for some years, he became a priest of the Anglican Church at Wonston. He published, besides other works, "The Pastor's Assistant," (1842,) and "The Cottager's Guide to the New Testament," (6 vols., 1839-45.) He was a missionary in the west of Ireland between 1844 and 1852. Died Dec. 12, 1869. Dallas, (Sir GEORGE,) M.P., an English political writer, brother of Sir Robert, noticed below, was born in London in 1758. About 1776 he went to India as a clerk in the service of the East India Company, where he published the "India Guide,” a poem. Having re turned home, he wrote a pamphlet in defence of Warren Hastings, (1789,) and "Remarks on the Policy of a War with France," (1793.) His "Letters to Lord Moira on Ireland," published in the “ Anti-Jacobin," attracted much attention, and were approved by Mr. Pitt. was knighted in 1798. Died in 1833. He Dallas, (GEORGE MIFFLIN,) an American statesman, a son of Alexander J. Dallas, was born in Philadelphia in July, 1792. He graduated at Princeton College in 1810, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1813. In 1831 he was elected by the Democrats to the Senate of the United States, in which he advocated a protective tariff and the recharter of the United States Bank. In 1837 he was appointed minister to Russia, from which he returned in 1839. He was elected Vice-President of the United States when James K. Polk was chosen President in 1844. In 1846 he gave in the Senate a casting vote for a new tariff-bill, which was obnoxious to the protectionists and was designed merely for revenue. In February, 1856, he was appointed minister to England, and was recalled in 1861. Died in December, 1864. Dallas, (Sir ROBERT,) M.P., an English judge, was the eldest son of Robert Dallas of Kensington. Having gained reputation as a lawyer, he was employed as counsel for Warren Hastings in 1785. He was first returned to Parliament in 1802, and appointed president of the court of common pleas in 1818. Died in 1824. Dallas, (ROBERT CHARLES,) a brother of A. J. Dallas, noticed above, a British author, born in Jamaica in 1754, was educated in London. He eventually settled in England, where he published many able works on various subjects, among which are "Miscellaneous Writings," (1797,) a History of the Maroons," (1804,) and "Recollections of the Life of Lord Byron. Died 1824. Dǎl'la-way, (JAMES,) an English divine and author, born at Bristol in 1763, became vicar of Leatherhead in 1801. He published an essay on the "Origin and Progress of Heraldry," (1793.) Having accompanied an embassy to Turkey as chaplain, he produced, on his return, "Constantinople, Ancient and Modern," (1797.) He wrote an esteemed work on "English Architecture," a "Treatise on Ancient Sculpture," (1816,) and other antiquarian works. Died in 1834. Dallemagne, dal'mañ', (CLAUDE,) BARON, a French general, born at Périeux in 1754, served in the United States about 1778-82. He subsequently distinguished himself at Castiglione and Roveredo, and in 1798 took command of the army of Rome. Died in 1813. Dallery, dal're', (CHARLES,) a French organ-builder, born at Amiens in 1710; died in 1780. His nephew, PIERRE DALLERY, born in 1735, was an eminent organ-builder. Among his works was the organ of Notre-Dame, Paris. Died in 1800. Dallery, (THOMAS CHARLES AUGUSTE,) an ingenious French mechanician, son of Charles, noticed above, was born at Amiens in 1754. He constructed a steamboat in 1803, and ruined his fortune by experiments in steam navigation. Died in 1835. Dal'linger, (WILLIAM HENRY,) an English scientist, born at Devonport in 1841, pastor of a church at Liverpool for twelve years, then governor of Wesley College, Sheffield, afterwards lecturer on biology in several institutions, and in 1883 president of the Royal Microscopical Society. His researches have been in the life histories of the minutest organisms and the changes in the cell nucleus. His works include "Minute Forms of Life," "The Origin of Life," etc. دو Dal'ling-ton, (Sir ROBERT,) an English writer, born at Geddington about 1560, became secretary to the Earl of Rutland. He wrote a "Survey of Tuscany,' a "Method for Travel," and other works. Died 1637. Dall' Ongaro, dål ong'gå-ro, (FRANCESCO,) an Italian poet, born at Oderzo in 1808. He became a priest, but was suspended for his extreme independence of speech, and renounced his profession. He afterwards was a journalist at Trieste, but was expelled in 1847 for liberalism. After the failure of the revolution of 1848 he was driven out of Italy, and until 1859 lived chiefly in Switzerland, Belgium, and Paris, earning his living by lectures and journalism. He wrote many spirited songs, dramas, tales, and novels, and takes rank among the first of recent Italian lyric poets. In 1859 he went back to Italy, and held professorships of literature in Milan and Naples. Died at Naples, January 10, 1873. Dalloz, dalcz', (VICTOR ALEXIS DÉSIRÉ,) a French advocate and jurist, born at Septmoncel (Jura) in 1795, practised with éclat at the bar of Paris. He published an important "Methodical and Alphabetical Repertory of General Jurisprudence," which has been translated into other languages. Died January 12, 1869. Dalmasio, dål-ma'se-o, (LIPPO,) an Italian painter, who worked at Bologna between 1376 and 1410. Dalmatia, DUKE OF. See SOULT, MARSHAL Dalmatin, dål-må-teen', ? (GEORGE,) born in Slavonia, became a Lutheran minister at Laybach. He made a Slavonian translation of the Bible, which the Archduke Charles in 1580 forbade him to publish in the Austrian dominions; but it was printed at Wittenberg in 1584 He was exiled for his religion in 1598. Dalmatius, dal-ma'she-ys, (FLAVIUS JULIUS,) a Ro. man prince, born in Gaul, was the nephew of the emperor Constantine, who invested him with the title of Cæsar in 335 A.D. Soon after this date he commanded in Thrace and Macedonia. He was killed in 338 by his soldiers, who, it is said, were instigated by Constantius. Dal'rym-ple, (dålʼrim-pl,) (ALEXANDER,) F.R.S., an eminent Scottish hydrographer, born at New Hailes in 1737, was a brother of Lord Hailes, and seventh son of Sir James Dalrymple. He entered the service of the East India Company at Madras, as writer, at the age of sixteen. In 1759 he resigned his clerkship, made a voyage of observation from Madras to the Eastern Archipelago for the promotion of commerce, and returned to England in 1765, after which he published charts of the Eastern seas. In 1779 he was appointed hydrographer to the East India Company, and in 1795 obtained a similar office from the admiralty. He published an "Account of the Discoveries in the Southern Ocean,” (1767,) and other valuable works on navigation and geography. Died in 1808. See CHAMBERS, "Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen." Dalrymple, (Sir DAVID,) a Scottish lawyer, the young est son of Viscount Stair, was created a baronet in 1700. He was appointed lord advocate of Scotland in 1709, and died in 1721, leaving a son James, who was the father of David, (Lord Hailes.) Dalrymple, (Sir DAVID,) afterwards Lord Hailes, an eminent British judge and antiquary, born in Edinburgh in 1726, was the son of Sir James, and a great-grandson of the first Viscount Stair. He was admitted as an advocate at the Scottish bar in 1748, and became a judge of the court of session in 1766, when the title of Lord Hailes was conferred on him. Ten years later he was appointed a lord of justiciary. He published a number of able works on history and antiquities, of which the most im portant and popular is his “Annals of Scotland,” (1779,) a "book which," says Dr. Johnson, "will always sell; it has such a stability of dates, such a certainty of facts, and such punctuality of citation." His "Remains of Christian Antiquity," a work of great erudition, was also admired. He left no issue, except two daughters. Died in 1792. See CHAMBERS, "Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen;" "Encyclopædia Britannica." Dalrymple, (Sir HEW,) a Scottish judge, born in 1652, was the third son of the first Viscount Stair. He was dent of the court of session in 1698. admitted an advocate in 1677, and was appointed presiDied in 1737: His son, HEW Dalrymple, was made a lord of session in 1726, with the title of Lord Drummore. Died in 1755. Dalrymple, (Sir HEW WHITEFORD,) of Highmark, a British general, born in 1750, was a descendant of Sir Hew Dalrymple, noticed above. After several campaigns in the war against France, he was appointed in 1808 to command the British army in Portugal, where he entered into the convention of Cintra with Junot. He was made a general in 1812, and a baronet about 1815. He wrote a Memoir of his proceedings in Portugal. Died in 1830. Dalrymple, (JAMES,) first Viscount Stair, an eminent Scottish statesman and jurist, born at Dummurchie, Ayrshire, in 1619, was the son of James Dalrymple of Stair, and was the ancestor of many distinguished men. In 1641 he obtained a chair of philosophy in the University of Glasgow. He studied law, was admitted an advocate in 1648, and became eminent in the profession. In 1657 Cromwell appointed him a judge of the court of session, and in 1661 Charles II. made him one of the lords of session. He was president of the court of ses. |