From mortal or immortal minds. Thus they, How such united force of gods, how such As stood like these, could ever know repulse ? Consent or custom ; and his regal state Their number last he sums. And now his heart Put forth at full, but still his strength conceal'd, Distends with pride, and hardening in his strength Which tempted our attempt, and wrought our fall. Glories : for never, since created man, Henceforth his might we know and know our own: Met such imbodied force, as nam’d with these So as not either to provoke, or dread Could merit more than that small infantry New war, provok'd; our better part remains Warr’d on by cranes : though all the giant brorud To work in close design, by fraud or guile, Of Phlegra with the heroic race were join'd What force effected not : that he no less That fought at Thebes and Iiuin, on each side At length from us may find, who overcomes Mix'd with auxiliar gods; and what resounds By force, hath overcome but half his foe. In fable or romance of Uther's son Space may produce new worlds ; whereof so rife Begirt with British and Armoric knights; There went a fame in Heaven that he ere long And all who since, baptiz’d or infidel, Intended to create, and therein plant Jousted in Aspramont, or Montalban, A generation, whom his choice regard Damasco, or Marocco, or Trebisond, Should favour equal to the sons of Heaven : Or whom Biserta sent from Afric shore, Thither, if but to pry, shall be perhaps When Charlemain with all his peerage fell Our first eruption; thither or elsewhere; By Fontarabbia. Thus far these beyond For this infernal pit shall never hold Compare of mortal prowess, yet observ’d Celestial spirits in bondage, nor the abyss Their dread commander : he, above the rest Long under darkness cover. But these thoughts In shape and gesture proudly eminent, Full counsel must mature: peace is despair d; Stood like a tower ; his form had yet not lost For who can think submission? War, then, war, All her original brightness ; nor appear'd Open or understood, must be resolv’d." Less than arch-angel ruin'd, and the excess He spake : and, to confirm his words, out-flew Of glory obscur’d: as when the Sun, new risen, Millions of flaming swords, drawn from the thighs Looks through the horizontal misty air Of mighty cherubim; the sudden blaze Shorn of his beams; or from behind the Moon, Far round illumin'd Hell : highly they rag'd In dim eclipse, disastrous twilight sheds Against the Highest, and fierce with grasped arms On balf the nations, and with fear of change Clash'd on their sounding shields the din of war, Perplexes monarchs. Darken'd so, yet shone Hurling defiance toward the vault of Heaven. Above them all the arch-angel : but his face There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top Deep scars of thunder had intrench’d; and care Belch'd fire and rolling smoke; the rest entire Sat on his faded cheek, but under brows Shone with a glossy scurf; undoubted sign Of dauntless courage, and considerate pride That in his womb was hid metallic ore, Waiting revenge; cruel his eye, but cast The work of sulphur. Thither, wing’d with speed, Signs of remorse and passion, to behold A numerous brigade hasten’d: as when bands The fellows of his crime, the followers ratlser, Of pioneers, with spade and pick-ax arm'd, (Far other once beheld in bliss) condemn'd Forerun the royal camp, to trench a field, For ever now to have their lot in pain : Or cast a rampart. Mammon led them on : Millions of spirits for his fault amerc'd Mammon, the least erected spirit that fell Of Heaven, and from eternal splendours flung From Heaven ; for e'en in Heaven his looks and For his revolt, yet faithful how they stood, thoughts Their glory wither'd : as when Heaven's fire. Were always downward bent, admiring more Hath scath'd the forest oaks, or mountain pines, The riches of Heaven's pavement, trodden gold, With singed top their stately growth, though bare, Than aught, divine or holy, else enjoy'd Stands on the blasted heath. He now prepar'd In vision beatific: by him first To speak; whereat their doubled ranks they bend Men also, and by his suggestion taught, From wing to wing, and half enclose him round Ransack'd the centre, and with impious hands With all his peers : attention held them mute. Rifled the bowels of their mother Earth Thrice he assay'd, and thrice, in spite of scorn, For treasures, better hid. Soon had his crew Tears, such as angels weep, burst forth : at last Open'd into the hill a spacious wound, Words, interwove with sighs, found out their way. And digg'd out ribs of gold. Let none admire “ O myriads of immortal spirits, O powers That riches grow in Hell; that soil may best Matchless, but with the Almighty; and that strife Deserve the precious bane. And here let those, Was not inglorious, though the event was dire, Who boast in mortal things, and wondering tell As this place testifies, and this dire change, Of Babel, and the works of Memphian kings, Hateful to utter : but what power of mind, Learn how their greatest monuments of fame, Foreseeing or presaging, from the depth And strength and art, are easily out-done Of knowledge past or present, could have fear'd By spirits reprobate, and in an hour What in an age they with incessant toil To mortal combat, or career with lance) And hands innumerable scarce perform. Thick swarm’d, both on the ground and in the air Nigh on the plain, in many cells prepar’d, Brush'd with the hiss of rustling wings. As bees That underneath had veins of liquid fire In spring time, when the Sun with Taurus rides, Sluic'd from the lake, a second multitude Pour forth their populous youth about the hive With wonderous art founded the massy ore, In clusters; they among fresh dews and flowers Severing each kind, and scumm'd the bullion dross: Fly to and fro, or on the smoothed plank, A third as soon had form’d within the ground The suburb of their straw-built citadel, A various mould, and from the boiling cells, New rubb'd with balm, expatiate and confer By strange conveyance, fill'd each hollow nook; Their state affairs. So thick the aery croud As in an organ, from one blast of wind, Swarm’d and were straiten'd; till, the signal given, To many a row of pipes the sound-board breathes. Behold a wonder! They but now who seem'd Anon, out of the earth a fabric huge In bigness to surpass Earth's giant sons, Rose like an exhalation, with the sound Now less than smallest dwarfs, in narrow room Of dulcet symphonies and voices sweet, Throng numberless, like that pygmean race Built like a temple, where pilasters round Beyond the Indian mount ; or faery elves, Were set, and Doric pillars overlaid Whose midnight revels, by a forest side With golden architrave ; nor did there want Or fountain, some belated peasant sees, Cornice or frieze, with bossy sculptures graven: Or dreams he sees while over-head the Moon The roof was fretted gold. Not Babylon, Sits arbitress, and nearer to the Earth Nor great Alcairo, such magnificence Wheels her pale course; they, on their mirth and Equall'd in all their glories, to enshrine dance Belus or Serapis their gods, or seat Intent, with jocund music charm his ear ; Their kings, when Egypt with Assyria strove At once with joy and fear his heart rebounds. In wealth and luxury. The ascending pile Thus incorporeal spirits to smallest forms Stood fir'd her stately height: and straight the Reduce their shapes immense, and were at large, doors, Though without number still, ainidst the hall Opening their brazen folds, discover, wide Of that infernal court. But far within, Within, her ample spaces, o'er the smooth And in their own dimensions, like themselves, And level pavement; from the arched roof The great seraphic lords and cherubim Pendent by subtle magic many a row In close recess and secret conclave sat ; A thousand demi-gods on golden seats, And summons read, the great consult began. Book II. The Argument. The consultation begun, Satan debates whether anNor was his name unheard, or unador'd, other battle be to be hazarded for the recovery of In ancient Greece; and in Ausonian land Heaven : some advise it, others dissuade : a Men call'd him Mulciber; and how he fell third proposal is preferred, mentioned before by From Heaven, they fabled, thrown by angry Jove Satan, to search the truth of that prophecy or Sheer o'er the crystal battlements : from morn tradition in Heaven concerning another world, To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve, and another kind of creature equal or not much A summer's day; and with the setting Sun inferior to themselves, about this time to be Dropt from the zenith like a falling star, created. Their doubt, who shall be sent on this On Lemnos the Ægean isle: thus they relate, difficult search; Satan their chief undertakes Erring; for be with this rebellious rout alone the voyage, is honoured and applauded. Fell long before ; nor aught avail'd him now The council thus ended, the rest betake them To liave built in Heaven high towers ; nor did he several ways, and to several employments, as 'scape their inclinations lead them, to entertain the time By all his engines, but was leadlong sent till Satan return. He passes on his journey to With his industrious crew, to build in Hell. Hell gates ; finds them shut, and who sat there Meanwhile the winged heralds, by command to guard them; by whom at length they are Of sovran power, with awful ceremony opened, and discover to him the great gulf beAnd trumpet's sound, throughout the host proclaim tween Hell and Heaven ; with what difficulty he A solemn council, forthwith to be held passes through, directed by Chaos, the power of At Pandemonium; the high capital that place, to the sight of this new world which Of Satan and his peers; their summons callid he sought. From every band and squared regiment By place or choice the worthiest ; they anon, High on a throne of royal state, which far With hundreds and with thousands, trooping came, Outshone the wealth of Ormus and of Ind, Attended : all access was throng'd : the gates Or where the gorgeous East with richest hand And porches wide, but chief the spacious hall Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold, (Though like a cover'd field, where champions bold Satan exalted sat, by merit rais'd Wont ride in arm’d, and at the Soldan's chair To that bad eminence : and, from despair Defied the best of Panim chivalry Thus high uplifted beyond hope, aspires D. Beyond thus high, insatiate to pursue When the fierce foe hung on our broken rear Vain war with Heaven, and, by success untaught, Insulting, and pursued us through the deep, His proud imaginations thus display'd.' With what compulsion and laborious fight “ Powers and dominions, deities of Heaven; We sunk thus low? The ascent is easy then ; For since no deep within her gulf can hold The event is fear'd; should we again provoke Immortal vigour, though oppress'd and fall'n, Our stronger, some worse way his wrath may find I give not Heaven for lost. From this descent To our destruction; if there be in Hell Celestial virtues rising, will appear Fear to be worse destroy'd : what can be worse demn'd Must exercise us without hope of end, Calls us to penance? More destroy'd than thus, His utmost ire ? which, to the height enrag'd, And with perpetual inroads to aların, Which, if not victory, is yet revenge.' More than can be in Heaven, we now return He ended frowning, and his look denounc'd To claim our just inheritance of old, Desperate revenge, and battle dangerous Surer to prosper than prosperity To less than gods. On th' other side up-rose Could have assur'd us; and, by what best way, Belial, in act more graceful and humane : Whether of open war, or covert guile, A fairer person lost not Heaven ; he seem’d We now debate; who can advise, may speak.” For dignity compos’d, and high exploit : He ceas'd; and next him Moloch, scepter'd king, But all was false and bollow; though his tongue Stood up, the strongest and the fiercest spirit Dropt manna, and could make the worse appear That fought in Heaven, now fiercer by despair : The better reason, to perplex and dash His trust was with the Eternal to be deem'd Maturest counsels: for his thoughts were low Equal in strength; and rather than be less To vice industrious, but to nobler deeds Tim'rous and slothful: yet he pleas'd the ear, “ My sentence is for open war : of wiles, As not behind in hate; if what was urg'd In what he counsels, and in what excels, Heaven's fugitives, and for their dwelling-place Mistrustful, grounds his courage on despair Accept this dark opprobrious den of shame, And utter dissolution, as the scope The prison of his tyranny who reigns Of all his aim, after some dire revenge. By our delay? No, let us rather choose, First, what revenge? The towers of Heaven are Arm'd with Hell flames and fury, all at once, fill'd O’er Heaven's high towers to force resistless way, With arm’d watch, that render all access Turning our tortures into horrid arms Impregnable : oft on the bordering deep Against the torturer ; when to meet the noise Encamp their legions; or, with obscure wing, Of his almighty engine he shall bear Scout far and wide into the realm of night, Infernal thunder ; and, for lightning, see Scorning surprise. Or could we break our way Black fire and horrour shot with equal rage By force, and at our heels all Hell should rise Among his angels; and his throne itself With blackest insurrection, to confound Mix'd with Tartarean sulphur, and strange fire, Heaven's purest light : yet our great enemy His own invented torments. But perhaps All incorruptible, would on his throne The way seems difficult and steep to scale Sit unpolluted ; and the ethereal mould Incapable of stain, would soon expel Victorious. Thus repuls’d, our final hope Is flat despair : we must exasperate Up to our native seat ; descent and fall The almighty victor to spend all his rage, To us is adverse. Who but felt of late, And that inust end us; that must be our cure, *To be no more. Sad cure! for who would lose, Will slacken, if his breath stir not their flames. Or, chang'd at length, and to the place conform’d In the wide womb of uncreated night, In temper and in nature, will receive Devoid of sense and motion? And who knows, Familiar the fierce heat, and void of pain ; Let this be good, whether our angry foe This horrour will grow mild, this darkness light; Can give it, or will ever ? how he can, Besides what hope the never-ending flight Is doubtful; that he never will, is sure. Of future days may bring, what chance, what Will he, so wise, let loose at once his ire, change Belike through impotence, or unaware, Worth waiting ; since our present lot appears To give his enemies their wish, and end For happy though but ill, for ill not worst, Thein in his anger, whom his anger saves If we procure not to ourselves more woe. To punish endless ? Wherefore cease we then ? Thus Belial, with words cloth'd in reason's garb, Say they who counsel war, we are decreed, Counsell’d ignoble ease, and peaceful sloth, Reserv'd, and destin'd to eternal woe; Not peace : and after him thus Mammon spake. Whatever doing, what can we suffer more, “ Either to disenthrone the King of Heaven supreme Of new subjection ; with what eyes could we Ambrosial odours and ambrosial flowers, Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurld Our servile offerings? This must be our task Each on his rock transfix'd, the sport and prey In Heaven, this our delight ! how wearisome Of wracking whirlwinds; or for ever sunk Eternity so spent, in worship paid Under yon boiling ocean, wrapt in chains : To whom we hate! Let us not then pursue Unacceptable, though in Heaven, our state Our own good from ourselves, and from our own Of servile pomp. Our greatness will appear All these our motions vain sees, and derides; Then most conspicuous, when great things of Not more almighty to resist our might small, Than wise to frustrate all our plots and wiles. Useful of hurtful, prosperous of adverse Shall we then live thus vile, the race of Heaven We can create; and in what place so e'er Thus trampled, thus expell’d to suffer here Thrive under evil, and work ease out of pain, Chains and these torments ? better these than Through labour and endurance. This deep world worse, Of darkness do we dread? How oft amidst By my advice; since fate inevitable Thick clouds and dark doth Heaven's all-ruling Subdues us, and omnipotent decree, Sire The victor's will. To suffer, as to do, Choose to reside, his glory unobscur’d, Our strength is equal, nor the law'unjust And with the majesty of darkness round That so ordains : this was at first resolvid, Covers his throne ; from whence deep thunders If we were wise, against so great a foe Contending, and so doubtful what might fall. Mustering their rage, and Heaven resembles Hell? I laugh, when those who at the spear are bold As he our darkness, cannot we his light And venturous, if that fail them, shrink and fear Imitate when we please? This desert soil What yet they know must follow, to endure Wants not her hidden lustre, gems and gold; Exile, or ignominy, or bonds, or pain, Nor want we skill or art, from whence to raise The sentence of their conqueror : this is now Magnificence; and what can Heaven show more? Our doom ; which if we can sustain and bear, Our torments also may in length of time Our supremne foe in time may much remit Become our elements; these piercing fires His anger; and perhaps, thus far remov’d, As soft as now severe, our temper chang'd Not mind us not offending, satisfied Into their temper; which must needs remove With what is punish'd ; whence these raging fires The sensible of pain. All things invite roar To peaceful counsels, and the settled state Some easier enterprise ? There is a place, (If ancient and prophetic fame in Heaven Compose our present evils, with regard Err not) another world, the happy seat Of what we are, and were; dismissing quite Of some new race callid Man, about this time All thoughts of war. Ye have what I advise." To be created like to us, though less He scarce had finish'd, when such murmur In power and excellence, but favour'd more fill'd or him who rules above; so was his will The assembly, as when hollow rocks retain Pronounc'd among the gods, and by an oath, The sound of blustering winds, which all night That shook Heaven's whole circumference, conlong firm'd. Had rous'd the sea, now with hoarse cadence lull Thither let us bend all our thoughts, to learn Sea-faring men o'erwatch'd, whose bark by chance What creatures there inhabit, of what mould Or pinnace anchors in a craggy bay Or substance, how endued, and what their power, After the tempest : such applause was heard And where their weakness, how attempted best, As Mammon ended, and his sentence pleas’d, By force or subtlety. Though Heaven be shut, Advising peace : for such another field And Heaven's high Arbitrator sit secure The utmost border of his kingdom, left By sudden onset ; either with Hell fire To waste his whole creation, or possess Which when Beelzebub perceiv'd, than whom All as our own, and drive, as we were driven, Satan except, none higher sat, with gravo The puny habitants, or, if not drive, Aspéct he rose, and in his rising seer'd Seduce them to our party, that their God A pillar of state ; deep on his front engraven May prove their foe, and with repenting hand Deliberation sat, and public care ; Abolish his own works. This would surpass And princely counsel in his face yet shone, Common revenge, and interrupt his joy Majestic, though in ruin : sage he stood In our confusion, and our joy upraise With Atlantean shoulders fit to bear In his disturbance; when his darling sons, Their frail original, and faded bliss, Hatching vain empires.” Thus Beelzebub Pleaded his devilish counsel, first devis'd Must we renounce, and, changing style, be callid By Satan, and in part propos’d: for whence, Princes of Hell ? for so the popular vote But from the author of all ill, could spring Inclines here to continue, and build up here So deep a malice, to confound the race A growing empire ; doubtless; while we dream, Of mankind in one root, and Earth with Hell And know not that the King of Heaven hath doom'd To mingle and involve, done all to spite This place our dungeon; not our safe retreat The great Creator ? But their spite still serves Beyond his potent arm, to live exempt His glory to augment. The bold design From Heaven's high jurisdiction, in new league Pleas'd highly those infernal states, and joy Banded against his throne, but to remain Sparkled in all their eyes ; with full assent In strictest bondage, though thus far remov'd They vote : whereat his speech he thus renews. Under the inevitable curb, reserv'd “ Well have ye judg’d, well ended long debate, His captive multitude: for he, be sure, Synod of gods, and, like to what ye are, In height or depth, still first and last will reign Great things resolv’d, which, from the lowest deep, Sole king, and of his kingdom lose no part Will once more lift us up, in spite of fate, By our revolt; but over Hell extend Nearer our ancient seat; perhaps in view His empire, and with iron sceptre rule Of those bright confines, whence, with neighbourUs here, as with his golden those in Heaven. ing arins What sit we then projecting peace and war ? And opportune excursion, we may chance War hath determin'd us, and foil'd with loss Re-enter Heaven: or else in some mild zone Irreparable: terms of peace yet none Dwell, not unvisited of Heaven's fair light, Vouchsaf'd or sought; for what peace will be Secure; and at the brightening orient beam given Purge off this gloom : the soft delicious air, To us enslav'd, but custody severe To heal the scar of these corrosive fires, And stripes, and arbitrary punishment Shall breathe her balm. But first whom shall we Inflicted ? and what peace can we return, send But to our power hostility and hate, In search of this new world? whom shall we find Untam'd reluctance, and revenge, though slow, Sufiicient? who shall tempt with wandering feet Yet ever plotting how the conqueror least The dark unbottom'd infinite abyss, His uncouth way, or spread his aery flight Upborne with indefatigable wings With dangerous expedition to invade Over the vast abrupt, ere he arrive Heaven, whose high walls fear no assault or siege, The happy isle ? What strength, what art can Or ambush from the deep. What if we find then |