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hister plenipotentiary in that country. The treaty of amity, naviga. tion, and commerce, with the same nation, has been discussed in the representatives'

chamber, and when it shall obtain the approbation of the general congress, will strengthen the liberal harmony which now subsists between the two nations. The proper exequatur has been granted to the consuls named by that government for our ports of Campeche and Ma. zatlan.

The minister plenipotentiary of the republic of Colombia, having fulfilled the most important objects of his mission to his government, has presented his letters of recall, and taken leave.

The treaties of union, league, and perpetual confederation, concluded at Panama between the plenipotentaries of the American republics, have been examined by the chamber of representatives, and I confidently hope that the congress will devote its first labours to the conclusion of a matter, which has excited the attention of the world.

The general congress having approved of the treaty of amity, navigation, and commerce, with his majesty the king of the Netherlands, it has been forwarded for the exchange of ratifications. An exequatur has also been granted for a commission of Mexican consul, executed by the president of the Swiss Diet in favour of Senor Carlos Lavater.

The law for the naturalization of foreigners, which the best interests of the republic have so long demanded, has been passed in the session which is now concluded; it has also been signed by the exe

cutive, which has further given the necessary directions for its being carried into effect.

The public treasury, in consequence of the changes in the new tariff of maritime customs, which retards the receipt of the duties for ninety days more than before, has suffered some falling off, which has been increased by the schemes of speculators. Notwithstanding, no diminution is remarked in the arrivals of vessels in our ports; and our domestic markets, in the midst of the commercial changes that have occurred, afford a fair profit for the goods consumed, and invite speculators to new enterprises.

Happily, the chief part of our attention has hitherto been occupied in the interior of the republic; and if the government has until now given itself much anxiety to attend with the fidelity and promptitude which the national honour demands, to the loans of foreign houses, we may now be assured that the firm determination of the government, seconded harmoniously by the indefatigable zeal and activity of the congress, will accomplish the object in view. To this end, the eighth part of the receipts of the maritime ports is appropirated, and this return will produce an alleviation, so that the interruption that has been suffered in the operation of the sinking fund and the payment of dividends will cease.

The executive has also transmitted to the two chambers projects of a law whereby the payment will be expedited, so that we shall be able to repeat the evidence of that good faith which charac terizes the Mexican nation. The urgency of these duties demands,

gentlemen, that your time of relaxation should be very short.

The administration of justice in the tribunals of the federation, and in those of the districts and territories, has occasioned among you important and luminous discussions. You will, doubtless, complete your work, which is one truly worthy of the national gratitude. The executive will use its exertions, as it has hitherto done, to introduce all possible regularity into this depart. ment, and to supply the defects of the existing law. The law regula. ting the proceedings against vagrants, visibly operates to improve public morals, and to preserve them from the attacks continually made upon them by the idleness of this class of men; and the government hopes soon to see united, by this provision, the honour and the spirit of the republican system.

Our ecclesiastical affairs have hitherto been somewhat embarrassed for want of convenient arrange. ments with the apostolic see, but they will soon be regulated upon a basis established by the general congress. The executive has en. deavoured to form his instructions to the newly nominated minister to Rome, in exact accordance with this basis.

The army preserves its former system, equipment, and discipline. The national marine has harrassed the enemy on the coasts of Cuba, and the brigatine Guarrero was lost in a combat of immortal glory for the Mexicans. You, gentlemen, have displayed the national gratitude to the brave defenders of the flag of the republic, and the whole nation has resolved on the construction of another ship that shall maintain our glory and be the avenger of our injuries.

Should the odious Spanish flag appear in sight of our ports, or should the enemy presume to tread upon our shores, they will be humbled and overthrown. You have given power to the executive; the people offer their arms and their fortunes. A great people is invin. cible when it is determined to be free.

You retire, fellow citizens, only to return to the task which the na. tion has imposed upon you as a duty, and has given you as a law. Your country owes you much; retire with the satisfaction of having done her service.

Decree of the Legislature of Mexico.

Art. 1. Spaniards who capitula. ted, whatever be the terms of their capitulation, and other Spaniards mentioned in the 16th article of the treaty of Cordova, shall leave the territory of the republic within the term the government may fix, not exceeding six months.

Art. 2. Those, notwithstanding their capitulations, may depart, or may remain, who, 1stly, are mar. ried with Mexicans; 2dly, who have children here that are not Spanish; 3dly, widowers who have children that are not Spanish; 4thly, who are sixty years of age; 5thly, who suffer from any durable physical impediment; 6thly, those who by their capitulations, may remain in the republic.

Art. 3. All Spaniards, who, since the declaration of independence, have entered secretly, or unlaw. fully, shall leave the territory of the republic within the term which the government may fix.

Art. 4. In like manner, those shall depart, within the term the government may designate, who have entered since the same pe

riod, with passports, provided they have not obtained letters of naturalization or citizenship.

Art. 5. Also, the Spanish cler. gy, who are not comprized in the 4th and 5th exceptions of the second article.

Art. 6. Spaniards of every class, who are notoriously disaffected towards independence, and the established system of government, shall depart from the territory of the republic within the term which the government may designate, carrying with them their effects, paying the established exportation duties.

Art. 7. Those Spaniards shall be considered notoriously disaffected to independence, and the existing form of government, who, 1stly, have returned to the republic, after having emigrated at the time of the establishment of independence, or of the adoption of the federal republican form of government; 2dly, who may be regarded as suspicious, on account of services done to the Spanish government, contrary to the independence of the nation; and those who, although positively decided in its favour, have obstinately propagated sentiments in favour of a constitutional monarchical system, and of inviting to the throne any foreign prince; 3dly, those who have been expelled from any of the states, by virtue of laws passed by their respective legislatures.

Art. 8. The governors of the states shall determine the qualifications to which the preceding article refers, respecting Spaniards that are subjects of the states: the general government, notwithstand ing, having power to judge of them in regard to such as inhabit any part of the republic. When When

the governors shall have qualified any Spaniard as notoriously disaf. fected, the government shall order him to leave the federation within the term fixed upon for that purpose.

Art. 9. The transportation of the Spanish clergy who may leave the territory, shall be paid out of the funds of their order.

Art. 10. To such of the capitulated as receive no pay from hold. ing a civil or military office, the government shall order to be given out of the public fund, what it may esteem just for their removal from the territory of the federation.

Art. 11. The expenses of civil and military officers shall be paid at the cost of the federation, to the place which the government may designate; and, moreover, one year's pay shall be given them at the time of their embarkation.

Art. 12. To the Spanish ecclesiastics in employment shall be given, at the time of their embarkation, the sum which the government may determine, correspond. ing to one year's income, and, also, the expenses of transportation.

Art. 13. All Spaniards expelled in virtue of this law, shall have power to return to the republic, and enjoy their offices, after Spain has recognised its independence. Art. 14. The discretionary pow.

ers

which this law embraces, shall be understood as granted for six months only, counting from the publication of it.

Art. 15. After the publication of this law, all the movements which have been made, with the view of expelling the Spaniards, shall be consigned to oblivion; so that, on this account alone, none of those who have been the authors of them,

or who have co-operated in their execution, shall be molested, sav. ing always the rights of mediation.

EXPULSION OF THE SPANIARDS.

PROCLAMATION.

The president of the United Mexican States to the inhabitants of the Republic.

Be it known, that the general congress have enacted the following decree :

1. All Spaniards who reside in the interior states or territories of the Oriente and Occidente [east and west, the territories of high and low California and New Mexico, shall, within a month after the pub. fication of this law, quit the state or territory in which they reside, and within three months the republic. Those residing in the intermediate states and territories, and the federal district, shall quit the state, territory, or district of their residence, within one month, and two months the republic and those residing in the maritime states of the gulf of Mexico, shall depart from the republic within one month from the publication of this law.

:

2. By Spaniards are intended those born in countries now under the dominion of the king of Spain, and the children of Spaniards born at sea. [This last clause, we understand, was introduced to effect the expulsion of certain persons, from whose presence the government was anxious to be relieved.] Those born in Cuba, Porto Rico, and the Philippines, are alone excepted.

3. From the provisions of the first article, are excepted, 1. Those physically impeded, so long as the impediment exists. 2. The children of Americans.

4. Within one month after the publication of this law, the persons embraced in the preceding article, will present to the government, either personally or by proxy, through the medium of the secretary of foreign relations, the documents which prove their title to exception.

5. Spaniards who do not depart within the time prescribed, will be punished by six months imprisonment in a castle, and afterwards sent away, in the manner of those who returned to the republic during the war with Spain.

6. The government will report to congress, every month, concern. ing the execution of this law.

7. Those who, in the opinion of the government, cannot pay the expense of their journey and voyage, shall have it paid at the charge of the federation, to the nearest port of the United States of the North-the government to proceed according to the strictest economy.

8. In the same manner the jour. ney and voyage of such religionists as the funds of the province [of convents,] or convent, to which they belong are incompetent to provide for shall be paid at the public expense.

9. The government will make due signification to the Spaniards who are entitled to remain in the republic: but they cannot afterwards establish themselves on the coast: the government being at liberty to compel those who now reside there to retire into the interior, in case of a threatened invasion.

10. The Spaniards who receive pension, (a stipend from the government or ecclesiastical benefice,) will have the share which of right be. longs to them, if they establish

themselves in any of the friendly republics or nations, on notice of such residence being given by the consuls of this republic-but not if they remove to countries governed by the king of Spain.

11. The law of the 20th Decem. ber, 1827, is repealed, except the ar. ticle which prohibits the introduction of Spaniards and subjects of the Spanish government into the republic. FRANCISCO DEL MORAL, President of the ch. of dep. JOSE FARRERA, Vice-President of the senate. Jose J. B. Ibanes,

Secretary ch. deputies.

Ant. Maria de Esnaurizar,
Secretary of the senate.

His excellency enjoins that this law be "printed, published, circula. ted, and promptly obeyed." To such as have not the means of defraying their travelling expenses to the port of embarkation, the rate of allowance is from fifty cents to a dollar a league, "according to the distances and the class and rank of each individual." The expenses

by water are to be regulated by the commissaries of the ports under the general instruction to exercise the strictest economy.

[Dated at the palace of the Federal Government, Mexico. March 20th, 1829.]

COLOMBIA.

TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF PERU; CONCLUDED SEPTEMBER 22D, 1829.

In the name of God, the author and legislator of the universe: The republic of Colombia and the republic of Peru, sincerely desiring to put an end to the war in which they have seen them. selves placed by fatal circumstances, which have prevented to both the friendly settlement of their differences, and now finding themselves happily in the condition of being able to effect it, and to establish at the same time more intimate and cordial relations, both nations have constituted and named their ministers plenipotentiary, that is to say his excellency, the Liberator, president of the republic, has appointed Pedro Sual, citizen of the same, and his exeellency the president of Peru has appointed D. Jose Lama y Loerdo, citizen of

the said republic, who, after having exchanged their full powers, and finding them in good and sufficient form, have agreed on the following articles:

Art. 1. There shall be a perpetual and inviolable peace, and constant and perfect friendship, between the republics of Colombia and Peru, so that hereafter, it shall not be lawful for either of them to commit or tolerate, directly or indirectly, the commission of any act of hostility against their people, citizens and subjects, respectively.

Art. 2. Both contracting parties bind themselves and promise solemnly to forget all the past, endeavouring to remove every motive of disgust which the disagree ments which have happily termi. nated, may recall; to promote their

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