taken to establish a national bank, and a general college, have been the first steps towards the regulation of the interior. After the publication of these edicts, the national cabinet obtained from the bank a loan of 2,034,660,03 piastres.

The Archipelago has been freed from the pirates who infested, it and who cast unmerited infamy on the Greek navy. Our valiant soldiers, having re-assembled at Træzen and Megara, are again united under their standards; those very men, I say, who, dejected by the vicissitudes of fortune, and exhausted by fatigue and sufferings, amid the confusion, might naturally have for. gotten every feeling of duty. One division under the command of Admiral Miaulis insured the free navigation of the Archipelago, and conveyed to our distressed brethern in Chios, every consolation which it was in our power to offer. cond division under vice-admiral Sachtouri was destined for the blockade which the admirals of the allied powers compelled us to abandon.

A se

Scarcely were these measures taken, scarcely had we begun gradually to spread over all the provinces of the country, the renovating influence of a moderate and well regulated administration, when every arrangement was destroyed by an evil of a new and dreadful species. The soldiery of Ibrahim Pacha brought the plague among us, spreading it over the islands of Hy. dra and Spezzia, even to Argos and other provinces of Peloponnesus. The nation supported this novel calamity with characteristic fortitude and admirable resignation, struggling even with this invincible enemy.

Although the sanitary cordon pre

sented to the internal organization of the provinces almost insurmountable difficulties, still however it was effected. Primates, their adjuncts in ordinary, and provisional governors were appointed. Lazarettos, ports, a civil police,and custom houses, were established. At this time, the very moment when our treasury was at the lowest ebb, Divine Providence sent us consola. tion.

Their majesties, the king of France and the emperor of Russia, in the kindest manner furnished us with pecuniary supplies: those of France being accompanied by a minister plenipotentiary to the Greek government. Thus, every hope that we had fondly entertained whilst presenting the prayers of Greece to the allied sovereigns, every hope, I repeat, began to be realized.

The accomplishment of our expectations was no less due to the magnanimous efforts of admiral Codrington. This noble friend of Grecian liberty had resolved, in Alexandria, on the expulsion of the Egyptian force from Peloponnesus; when the French exhibition, having made a descent on Chersonesus, effected the complete deliverance of our country.

The Mussulmans having in effect evacuated the fortresses of Mesene and Achaia, the inhabitants of those places-those, at least, who had survived their protracted misfortunes-have at length taken possession of the ruined mansions and desolated fields of their beloved country; all that the enemy has left of their once flourishishing cities and thriving towns, of their fertile and cultivated plains.

Thanks to the French troops; to their valour, to their deeds, to the

abundant relief which was expe. rienced wherever they spread their tents!

The fortresses of Coron, of Mo. don, of Mio-castro, and of Patras, have risen as it were by magic from their ruins, and are even now possessed of all their former strength. In November the plague again visited the province of Calavrita, and threatened Chersonesus with new calamities. But the French soldiers, at the first summons of their generous leader, abandoned their tents, and having established a sanitary cordon, over which General Hygonet presided in person, in the midst of dangers and suffer. ings of every description, afforded food and clothing to thousands of unhappy people, and in a short time wholly destroyed the germ of this frightful epidemic. The French army halted in Chersonesus. The Greeks of the continent, watching incessantly to see the borders of Peloponnesus passed, manifested their wishes in this regard. We ourselves hoped to see them accomplished, for we were far from apprehending the diplomatic act which decided it otherwise.

Meanwhile, at a time when the army was preparing to leave this country, which it had saved from destruction, we received new marks of generosity from Charles X. This monarch benevolently continued to supply us with money, whilst the French soldiers provided a garrison for the fortress of Mesene. To them also we are indebted for training our young soldiers to military discipline, with which they were before entirely unacquainted.

The beneficence of his majesty the king of France did not end

here. All the unfortunate men who had been carried slaves into Egypt, by his interposition regained the blessings of liberty, and returned to the embrace of their country.

A body of learned men of the French Institute, and of distinguished artists, are commissioned to explore the classic grounds of Greece; and while they will be engaged in the discovery of all that relates to archæology, to geography, and to the arts and sciences, Greece will reap the whole fruit of the precious labours.

The representatives of the allied sovereigns arrived at Poros in September, and requested us to furnish them with the information which they deemed suitable to answer the claims which the mediating powers should make, in conformity with the articles of the treaty of London.

This duty we performed, keeping always in view the instructions which the congress of Epidaurus delivered to the diplomatic com. mittee, and acting, as far as was possible, in pursuance of those in

structions.

Their majesties, the emperor of Russia and the king of Great Britain, also honoured Greece by sending ministers plenipotentiary to her government.

In the autumn of last year, the conferences of London resumed their activity. The protocol of the 16th November was signed. This act, however, was not officially communicated to us.

You will be made acquainted with the communications which were sent to the Greek government on these great and interesting matters, and I trust that you

also will approve of the considerations which we have submitted to the allied kings.

You will perceive that we endeavoured to adhere to the principles which governed the national assembly of Epidaurus, without, however, neglecting those which are a necessary consequence of the position of Greece relative to her. self, to the mediating powers, and to the Ottoman Porte. The treaty of the 6th July contains distinctly all that applies to these relations; thus the present negotiations tend to settle them for ever.

I deem it useless to address you concerning the causes which have prevented the complete execution of the laws of the assembly of Epidaurus, of Astræa and of Træzen. We are of opinion that the same causes will operate so long as for mal treaties do not determine the boundary of the Greek territory, and our relations with the mediating powers, and with the Ottoman Porte. Until this is accomplished, it appears to me that we can only regulate provisionally the internal police; insure, by just and severe means, those rights which our citi. zens have purchased with their blood, and occupy our attention in the revision of the fundamental laws, by a conscientious improvement from the lessons of experience.

Such are the views which have dictated all the provisional regula. tions forming the body of laws of the present government.

The Secretary of State will lay before you all the documents, as soon as you may desire it.

The organization of the judiciary is scarcely commenced; and having, on our part great difficulties to surmount, we have succeed

ed, as far as was possible, in an swering satisfactorily, the questions which were frequently addressed to us from the provinces. They express their acknowledgments to us in a manner which does honour to the character of members of the Greek family. Many disputes have been settled to the satisfaction of contending parties, on which the tribunals would otherwise have been obliged to pronounce judgments. Some of these call for particular regula tions. We have published one on old debts; there are others which, doubtless, you may deem equally necessary.

The church has suffered a large share of the national evils; and it should be a part of our duty to acquire an accurate knowledge of its real condition. For this purpose an ecclesiastical commission has been appointed, and we wait for its report.

Since we arrived in Greece, our attention has been occupied with a number of children, whom them isfortunes and losses of their country have rendered idle and vicious. The hospital of Egina contains already five hundred orphans; and the schools of mutual instruction which have been founded in several provinces, extend their benefits to more than six thousand children. A normal school will be established at Egina, in which pupils will be rendered capable of teaching according to the Lancasterian system.

We hope, with the favour of God, and the assistance of the generous friends of Greece, to extend the benefits of elementary schools through every town and every province of the state. When this first object shall be effected, it will be

the duty of the government to found central academies in the several provinces, in order that the pupils leaving the elementary depart. ments may obtain in the former a more extensive knowledge of general literature, and of the arts and sciences.

A military school is already in operation, under the direction of an able and zealous principal, which promises success. This establish

ment forms a part of the corps of regular Greek troops. The report which was recently addressed to us by Colonel Heydeck, who had hitherto superintended the school, will make you acquainted with all that has been and will be done, to give to our troops of the line, and the branches of the military system connected with the fortresses, the extent and consistency which are indispensable.

When you have attentively ex. amined, in this report, all that the general college has addressed to us, as well as our own observa. tions, you will be enabled to judge of the actual condition of the na. tional forces, and of the measures necessary to be taken, in order to insure a suitable rank to the citi. zens who may be engaged in the military service, both by land and sea; that the army and navy may be organized in a manner corresponding to the resources and to the position of Greece.

Both have performed their duty equally well, and the nation owes to both acknowledgments for their efficient services to the state in the complete conquest of the provinces still held by the Turks, who kept Greece in a state of incessant disquietude.

The sacred standard of the cross

now waves in these provinces, Divine Providence, and the humanity of the allied sovereigns, will doubtless never suffer them again to experience the dreadful evils of former times.

The account which the committee of finance will lay before you, will present to you details which must increase your gratitude towards the benefactors of Greece, and towards the illustrious and generous personages who displayed such zeal in her cause. Amount of the Receipts and Expenditures of the state from January, 1828, to the 30th of April,

It must here be observed, 1. That, in addition to the sup. plies of money received from the King of France, his majesty has benevolently granted to Greece, since the first of April of this year, 100,000 francs monthly, to answer the wants, and assist the organization of the regular troops; that the French army has furnished us with horses, &c.; and, lastly, that M. the Baron de Rouen has finally announced to us, that he will place at the disposal of the Greek government, 500,000 francs.

2. That, agreeably to the order of his majesty, the emperor of Russia, there have been assigned to us, within a few days past, bills of exchange for the sum of 1,000,000 rubles. These bills have been sent to Naples for payment; so that we may expect to receive the money in a few days.

3. That, of the sum of 1,706,576 piastres, employed to build and defray the expenses of an orphan hospital, and other public institutions, by means of which, thousands of unhappy people were supplied with daily sustenance, 900,000 piastres were the gift of the generous friends of the Greeks. The balance, that is, 800,000 piastres, added to 212,000, which we sent, previously to our arrival in Greece, to supply

*A Turkish piastre is about 14 cents of our currency; the amount will therefore be about $3,586,613.

the army of the west, is all that remains at our disposal.

We shall present a more detailed account to our benefactors, that they may see what uses we have made of the funds with which they so generously intrusted us.

You perceive, gentlemen, the weak state of our revenue, and you can, therefore, appreciate the importance of the duty which is imposed on you, of placing the government in a condition to satisfy fil the obligations which it has its pressing necessities, and to ful

contracted.

We have neglected nothing to raise funds. You will learn our proceedings with the allied courts, in order to negotiate a loan of sixty millions of francs, under their sovereign protection. When you shall have read the communications which have been addressed to us, on this subject, you will entertain the same bopes with ourselves.

We desire, above all things, that in the present highly important state of affairs, you will attentively consider the expectations of the country, of the allied powers, and of the civilized world at large.

By comparing the past with the present, you will not find it difficult to put in practice those wise measures which should conduct the na. tion to that state of prosperity which is reserved for it by Divine Providence. All that we can do towards the attainment of it, is to declare the deep feelings which the sanctity of our cause excites in our bosom, by adopting principles fraught with purity and moderation, and fit to preserve the honour of this hallowed

cause.

Negotiations have been opened, and if we are invited to participate in them, agreeably to the articles