Extractive Metallurgy of NiobiumCRC Press, 03 նոյ, 1993 թ. - 272 էջ The growth and development witnessed today in modern science, engineering, and technology owes a heavy debt to the rare, refractory, and reactive metals group, of which niobium is a member. Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium presents a vivid account of the metal through its comprehensive discussions of properties and applications, resources and resource processing, chemical processing and compound preparation, metal extraction, and refining and consolidation. Typical flow sheets adopted in some leading niobium-producing countries for the beneficiation of various niobium sources are presented, and various chemical processes for producing pure forms of niobium intermediates such as chloride, fluoride, and oxide are discussed. The book also explains how to liberate the metal from its intermediates and describes the physico-chemical principles involved. It is an excellent reference for chemical metallurgists, hydrometallurgists, extraction and process metallurgists, and minerals processors. It is also valuable to a wide variety of scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in the topic. |
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Chapter | 1 |
References | 44 |
Summary | 86 |
Chapter 3 | 93 |
References | 151 |
Chapter 4 | 157 |
Miscellaneous Processes | 197 |
References | 206 |
Decarburization | 231 |
Summary | 238 |
Index | 251 |
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Common terms and phrases
acid alkali alloys aluminothermic reduction aluminum anode aqueous phase atoms bium calcium carbide carbon carbonatite carbothermic cassiterite cathode chemical chloride columbite columbite-tantalite columbium complex compounds containing deoxidation deposits ductile electrolyte electron beam melting electrorefining elements Extractive Metallurgy ferroniobium flotation flowsheet fluoride formation free energy furnace Gupta heat HSLA steels hydrofluoric acid hydrogen impurities ions iron leaching magnetic material Metallurgy minerals mixed molten Nb₂Os niobate niobium and tantalum niobium carbide niobium metal niobium oxide niobium pentachloride niobium pentoxide niobium-tantalum nitride nitrogen oxide oxygen particles pegmatites pentachloride powder precipitation present pressure Proc production of niobium properties purification pyrochlore rare earth reaction reactor recovery refining refractory residue separation of niobium shown in Figure sintering sodium solid solubility solution solvent extraction sources steels sulfuric superalloys Ta₂Os Table tantalite Tantalum and Niobium temperature tin slags tion titanium treatment tungsten vacuum vanadium vapor welding yield zirconium
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Էջ 242 - The Electrodeposition of Coherent Deposits of Refractory Metals. IV. The Electrode Reactions in the Deposition of Niobium.