New Research on Politics and Economics of Europe

accession active additional adoption agricultural allows approach attitude authorities behaviour patterns benefits budget budgetary changes Chapter characteristics common concerned considerable considered consumers conventional costs Council countries crops currency deficit demand dependence domestic economic effects estimated euro area Europe European evidence exchange rate expected expenditure exports external factors farmers Figure Financial Financial Perspectives fiscal flows forces foreign framework gain growth Hagen higher impact important increase indicates industry influence institutions integration interest International involved Ireland Italy long-run Maastricht criteria mandatory labelling measure membership military minister monetary negative operations output peace performance period political positive present problem procedure reduce regulation relative response result rules seed shocks shows significant specific stage Statistical structural Table trade balance unemployment Union United variable