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Opinion of the Court.

is operated. F is a sleeve-nut, which engages with the screw on the rod, raising and lowering it as the nut is turned. This nut is turned by a wrench on the head G.

The sleeve-nut is secured in the cap of the hydrant by a collar, and packing under the hollow cylinder stuffing-box H, as seen in the drawing. J is a yoke, which is attached to the rod E by a set-screw, and which is secured in the tube A, and prevented from turning, as it moves up and down, by projecting lugs, as seen in Fig. 2; and it will be seen that the arrangement is such that the rod and valve may be raised and lowered without being rotated. This secures a uniform and perfect bearing of the valve on its seat, the packing a remaining undisturbed.

Provision is made for the discharge of the waste water by an orifice beneath the valve D, marked f, which orifice is opened and closed by a valve marked g, as seen in the draw ing. h is a wing on the top of this valve.

the screw-nut on the rod E, lifting and lowering said rod as the nut is turned one way or another. This nut is turned by a wrench or crank, or other suitable device on the head G.

The sleeve-nut is screwed in the cap of the hydrant by a collar, and packing under the hollow cylinder stuffing-box H. J is a yoke, which is attached to the rod E by a setscrew, or its equivalent, and it is screwed in the tube A, and prevented from turning, as it moves up and down, by projecting lugs, as shown in detail at Fig. 2. It will be noticed that the arrangement is such that the rod and valve may be raised and lowered without being rotated, thus securing a uniform and perfect bearing of the valve on its seat, the packing a remaining undisturbed.

Provision is made for the discharge of the waste water by an orifice, f, beneath the valve D, which orifice is opened and closed by a valve g. A wing h is provided upon the top of this valve.

As the cylinder-valve D descends, the angular flange i on

As the cylinder-valve D descends the angular flange i on its inside strikes the wing hits inside, striking the wing h, and raises the valve, as seen raises the valve, as shown in

Opinion of the Court.

in the drawing, thus allowing the drawing, and allows any

any water which may remain in the hydrant to escape through the orifice fand aperture k. It will be thus seen that no water will be left in the hydrant to freeze in cold weather.

The tube A is secured to the horizontal section B by a ring-nut, m, which contains recesses for packing-rings around the valve, as seen at n n. Packing around the valve is secured by another ring-nut o, and also under the end of the tube A, as seen in the drawing.

P represents the dischargepipe, with a screw for the attachment of the hose, and a cap-piece for covering the pipe when the hydrant is not in

use.

water which may remain in the hydrant to escape down through the orifice ƒ and aperture K, thus preventing any retention of water above the freezing level.

The tube A' is secured to the horizontal section B by a ring-nut, m, which contains recesses for packing-rings around the valve, as shown at n. Packing about the valve is also secured by another ringnut o, and also under the end of the tube A, as shown in the drawings.

P represents the dischargepipe, with a screw for the attachment of the hose, and a cap-piece for covering the pipe when the hydrant is not in

use.

It will be observed that the casing Cloosely rests upon the main B, or upon a branch projecting upward from the same. This casing extends upward, enveloping the main portion of the water-pipe A, at least that portion which is subterranean. Said casing extends upwards and fits loosely about the plug or hydrant at the portion A'. Above the upper terminus of the casing C is provided the bead a upon the

Opinion of the Court.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and

hydrant proper.

Sufficient

space is left between the bead a and the upper terminus of the casing C to permit of sufficient up-and-down play of the said casing C, for the purpose which will hereafter more fully appear. This distance between the bead and casing may be adjusted to any desired distance, thus lengthening or shortening it, by means of its screw attachment at its base.

The main function of the casing C is to prevent derangement of parts during cold weather by the ground alternately freezing and thawing around the hydrant or plug. This process of freezing causes the surrounding earth, by its expansion, to lift or upheave, and thus be liable to derange the hydrant or plug. This upheaval or movement is received by the casing C, which, by its capability of sliding loosely up and down, will accommodate the upheaval of the earth above mentioned, without any liability to derange the plug or hydrant. This is the chief function of the casing C, although it likewise serves the purpose of protection to the water-pipe A.

What I claim is

Opinion of the Court.

desire to secure by Letters Patent

1. A hydrant or water plug, constructed substantially as shown and described, that is to say, with the parts A and B connected together, as shown,

and with a cylinder-valve and a waste-water valve connected and operated in combination substantially as herein specified.

2. The arrangement of the parts A, B, valve D, case C, and stuffing-box H, as herein described, for the purpose specified."

1. In combination with a hydrant or fire-plug, a detached and surrounding casing C, said casing adapted to have an independent up-and-down motion sufficient to receive the entire movement imparted by the upheaval of the surrounding earth by freezing, without derangement or disturbance of the hydrant or plug proper, substantially as shown.

2. In combination with a hydrant or fire-plug pipe A, the supply-pipe B, and cylinder-valve and waste-valve, connected and operated substantially as herein shown and described.

3. The combination of the hydrant or fire-plug pipe A, supply-pipe B, valve D, casing C, and stuffing-box H, substantially as and for the purpose shown."

The drawings of the original and of the reissue are also here [see next page] placed side by side:

The material difference between the descriptive parts of the two specifications is that, in the reissue, it is stated that the casing C is movable, and that sufficient space is left between the bead a upon the hydrant proper, and the upper terminus of the casing C, to permit of sufficient up-and-down play of the casing C to allow it to slide loosely up and down, to accommodate the upward and downward movement of the earth during the process of freezing and thawing, without any

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liability to derange the plug or hydrant. The casing could not thus slide loosely up and down, unless sufficient space were left between the bead a and the upper terminus of the casing. No suggestion of such arrangement is found in the specification of the original patent, and the drawing of that patent shows no space between the upper terminus of the casing and

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