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Captures

on land and water, 306
Carmack Amendment
provisions of, 285 note

Carriages

tax on, not direct, 222
Carrier Companies

state regulation of, 263
common-law obligations of,
264

regulation of rates of, 264
Certiorari

may not be issued by State to
federal courts, 425

Child Labor

and interstate commerce, 273
Chinese

exclusion of, 97, 155 note, 534
cases on, 534

Circuit Courts of Appeals
organization of, 398

appeals from, to Supreme
Court, 402
jurisdiction of, 405
Circulating Notes

tax on, not direct, 222

Citizenship

defined, 99

state and federal distinguished,
99

Slaughter House Cases, 101
Wong Kim Ark Case, 102
double citizenship, 106
in the territories, 150 et seq.
see "Diversity of Citizen-
ship"; "Expatriation";
'Indians";
"Naturaliza-

tion"

Civil Rights Act

unconstitutionality of, 73

Civil Rights Cases, 73
Civil Service

constitutionality of require-

ments of, 488

Claims

against foreign States, 162

Claims, Courts of

organization of, 399

jurisdiction of, 407
Classifications

when permitted, 353

Coinage

constitutional provision, 298

Comity

interstate, 83 et seq.
political privileges, 84
state proprietary rights, 84
as to non-residents, 84
corporations not citizens with-
in meaning of the Comity
Clause, 85
Commander-in-Chief

powers of, 498
Commerce

see "Interstate Commerce";
"Foreign Commerce"

Commerce Court

organization of, 399
jurisdiction of, 411
Commodities Clause
act of 1906, 271
Common Law

obligations of, upon interstate
carriers, 264

in federal courts, 445

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as applied to the States, 76
Congress

legislative power under Four-

teenth Amendment, 73
legislative powers
derived
from treaty-making power,
174

its organization, 180 et seq.
qualifications of members of,
180

determined by the respective
houses, 181

power of, to compel testimony
and punish for contempt,
183
disqualification of members of,
to hold federal office, 183
privileges of members of, 184
election of members of, 186 et
seq.
apportionment of members,
188

congressional districts, 188
process of legislation in, 199 et
seq.
quorum, 199

rules of procedure, 199, 201
conclusiveness of records of
proceedings of, 200
revenue measures in, 202
general power of, 205
members of, not impeachable,
467

power of, to punish contempts,
529

constitutionality of acts of,

see "Unconstitutional Leg-
islation"

Congressional Governments

in the territories, 128
Conquest

does not annex territory, 134
Constitution

rules governing construction
of, 29 et seq.

to be construed as a whole, 39
applicability of, to modern
conditions, 41

double province of, in United
States, 47

Constitutional Conventions
interpretative value of debates
in, 35

Constitutional Law
defined, 8 et seq.

American doctrine of suprem-

acy of, 12
Construction

constitutional, principles of,
29 et seq.

of federal powers, 49
Constructive Service

in actions in rem and in per-
sonam, 79

in divorce proceedings, 80 et seq.
Contempts

power of Houses of Congress
to punish for, 183
legislative control of courts'
power to punish, 527
President's power to pardon,
528

congressional power as to, 529
Contracts

see "Obligation of Contracts"
Convenience, Public

a matter of police regulation,
246

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