rendered to his talents and to his useful exertions the most flattering homage in decreeing to him, for the fourth time, the title of president. It was in this capacity that he closed the session, after having received from the king the oath of fidelity to the constitution.

From the rank of legislator he descended to the functions of judge; and, appointed President of the tribunal of repeals, he was in this supreme court a constant example of the union of intelligence and of virtue.

Two years had scarcely elapsed after the dissolution of the constituent assembly, when France became a prey to all the horrors of anarchy. The throne was overthrown, the laws abolished; virtue, science, and talents, were considered as titles to proscription. The enemies of good order pursued with implacable fury several members of the constituent assembly, whom they accused of betraying the people, in the support of monarchy. Thouret, on this account, was obnoxious to them. He was arrested, and led as a suspected person to the prison of the Luxembourg. It was there, that, under the hand of oppression, he digested, for the instruction of his son, an abstract of the works of the Abbé Dubos, and the Abbé de Mably, upon the history of France, which has been since committed to the press. He had scarcely finished this labour when he was put upon his trial, under the absurd pretext of a conspiracy, tending to break open the cells of the Luxembourg, and to destroy the members of the convention. Although impressed with the inutility of his defence, he replied to the questions which were put to him by this infamous tribunal, with an intrepidity which silenced all

reply. His death was resolved upon the third of May, 1794. With him perished the virtuous Malesherbes, Chapelier, and d'Eprémesnil.

The gratitude of the public has since avenged his memory, and rendered to his virtues consummate justice. Frequently has the national tribune resounded with regret at his loss. Many a time have his opinions been cited as a respectable authority in matters of the highest importance. His name has been given by the city of Rouen to the street in which he resided. In short, when the senate established at the Luxembourg erected statues in its palace to the celebrated characters who perished in the revolution, after having honoured them for their military talents or their social virtues, Thouret has been placed among the number of those illustrious victims, and the enclosure which was his prison is become the theatre of his glory.

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TURENNE.

HENRY DE LA TOUR D'AUVERGNE, Viscount Turenne, the second son of Henry, Duke de Bouillon, and one of the greatest generals of modern times, was born at Sedan, in 1611. His taste for arms developed itself at an early age. He was only ten years old, when, incensed at hearing that the delicacy of his constitution would prevent him from enduring the fatigues of war, he resolved to pass a winter's night on the ramparts of Sedan; he was found asleep upon the carriage of a gun. Turenne entered the army under the auspices of his maternal uncle, the celebrated Maurice of Nassau. At nineteen he returned to serve in his native country, was appointed a field marshal at twenty-three, and a marshal of France at thirty-two. He had then made seventeen campaigns under different generals, in which he eminently signalized himself. Mazarin entrusted him with the command of the army of Germany. It was in want of every thing; he soon put it in a state for action. Surprised and beaten at Mariendal, he took his revenge at Nordlingen, reestablished the elector of Trê res, effected the famous junction with Wrangel, the Swedish general, defeated the elector of Bavaria, and drove him from his dominions in 1648. These brilliant operations hastened the termination of the negociations at Munster. The troubles of the Fronde had just broken out in France. Turenne, led away by his brother, the Duke de Bouillon, and in a particular manner by his passion for Ma