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To permit-to allow.

To allow consents tacitly; to permit consents formally. The former has a negative meaning; it is merely not to forbid; the latter is positive; it signifies to grant leave. We are allowed to do what no one interferes with us for doing; we are permitted to do what we obtain leave to do. An action for which it is not necessary to ask permission is allowed; to permit implies the granting of a request. School-boys are allowed a certain space for their sports or exercise; but if they wish to go beyond the limits of that space, they must ask leave in order to be permitted to do so.

[P. Hen. Yet herein will I imitate the sun; Who doth permit the base contagious clouds To smother up his beauty from the world.

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1 Henry IV., i. 2.

Henry VIII., i. 1.

King Lear, iv. 4.

P. L., xii. 90.

Id., vi. 158.

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The boys had finished their studies, and were going to take a walk, but to accompany the others, as he had not been

the youngest was not

so diligent as usual that morning.

This was a great disappointment to him, and at his earnest request, and

faithful promise to do better another time, the master school-fellows.

It is shameful that we should

what it is our bounden duty to know.

him to join his

ourselves to remain in ignorance of

The sailors, having asked leave of the captain, were

to go ashore,

on condition that they should return to the vessel before nine o'clock the

same evening.

As some friends were expected that night whom they very much wished to see, they were to sit up later than usual, and did not retire to bed

till nearly ten o'clock.

Soldiers cannot absent themselves from their duty without being specially

"I have obtained his

to make these conversations public."

"Plutarch says, very finely, that a man should not

hate even his enemies."

66

will

himself to

Any of my readers who have studied the biography of men of letters my assertion is borne out by facts."

To assuage-to mitigate.

To assuage and to mitigate both denote a diminishing of pain. To mitigate is a negative, to assuage is a positive term. He who mitigates, relaxes in harshness; he who assuages, actively lessens the pain of others. We mitigate by being less severe; we assuage by being positively kind. Time mitigates, friends assuage our afflictions. A penalty to be inflicted-rigour to be employed-a sentence to be passed -may be mitigated; grief, fears, affliction, &c., may be assuaged.

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Man-whose soul

Christ died for cannot forfeit his high claim
To live and move exempt from all controul
Which fellow-feeling doth not mitigate.

'Ecclesias. Sonnets.

For the tired slave, Song lifts the languid oar
And bids it aptly fall, with chime
That beautifies the fairest shore
And mitigates the harshest clime.

"If I can in any way

Exercise.

'On the Power of Sound.']

private inflammations, or allay public fer

ments, I shall apply myself to it with the utmost endeavours."

"All we can do now is to devise how that which must be endured may be and its inconveniences countervailed as near as may be, that when the best things are not possible, the best may be made of those that are."

"This was necessary for the securing the people from the fears capable of being by no other means."

"The king would not have one penny abated of that granted to him by Parliament, because it might encourage other countries to pray the like release or

-ion."

The prisoner having been found guilty upon this evidence, acknowledged the justice of the verdict, but prayed that the circumstances of the case would induce the judge to his sentence.

The remedies which were applied immediately

the pain of the

wound, so that by the next day he could use the limb, and in a short time was able to walk about without assistance.

"We could greatly wish that the rigour of their opinion were

"Yet is his hate, his rancour ne'er the less,

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To avoid has a negative, to shun, a positive meaning. To avoid is merely not to approach; to shun is to turn from. We avoid what may do us harm; we shun what we dislike, or what we think is likely to do us harm. We avoid bad habits—that is, we take care not to acquire them; we should shun vice—that is, we should turn away from it. Prudence induces us to avoid; fear or dislike prompts us to shun. A transitive verb can never be used after to shun. We avoid doing; we shun what is already done.

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"Having thoroughly considered the nature of this passion, I have made it my duty to study how to the envy that may accrue to me from

these my speculations."

"Of many things, some few I shall explain,

Teach thee to

the dangers of the main,

And how at length the promised shore to gain."

"Let no man make himself a confidant of the foibles of a beloved companion, lest he find himself

"Prudence will enable us to

daily exposed."

by the friend of his heart."

many of the evils to which we are

Here he fell into vicious habits, and associated with such low companions that his society was soon

by every respectable person.

I thought I perceived him at some distance from me, but, as if he dreaded an interview, on my approaching him, he

among the crowd.

-me, and mixed

what is

It is wise and prudent to do what is commanded, and forbidden, by those whose authority we acknowledge.

To prevent to hinder.

We are hindered from proceeding by something which draws us back. We are prevented from advancing by something which comes in our way. A visiter who occupies much of our time hinders us from pursuing our usual occupations. A shower of rain will prevent us from taking a walk.

He who is hindered does not wholly cease from action; but he who is prevented cannot advance a step. The inspection of passports frequently hinders travellers on the continent from proceeding as quickly as they wish. He who would attempt to travel on the continent without a passport, would be prevented by the custom-house officers.

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I should have begun my letter yesterday, but I was

by my

brothers, who insisted on my accompanying them in their afternoon walk. I sat down this morning with the full determination to write to you, but I have been by so many circumstances, that I am afraid I shall never

finish this letter.

They now attempted to force their way through the entrance, but were by those within, who made a desperate sally from the gate, and successfully repulsed the assailants.

I was

from calling on you yesterday by several visiters who came in when I was on the point of setting off. The delicate state of his health has

and

be expected.

his education considerably,

his making that advancement which, in ordinary cases, would

Had not the workmen been

ing last week.

-, they would have finished the build

It is much easier to keep ourselves void of resentment than to restrain it

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