Hampshire; forty times as much as Vermont; and above fifty

per cent. more than those four states.

II. Maryland has exported nearly eight times as much as Connecticut; above six times as much as Rhode Island; twenty-three times as much as Newhampshire; and almost three imes as much as the four minor eastern states.

III. North Carolina has exported almost thirty per cent.

IV. Georgia has exported more than Connecticut or Rhode Island; and almost three times as much as Newhampshire and

Vermont.

V. South Carolina has exported above five times as much as Rhode Island; above six times as much as Connecticut; and one hundred and fifty per cent. more than the four minor eastern states.

VI. New Orleans and the district of Columbia have exported more of domestic productions in eleven years, than either Connecticut or Rhode Island in twenty-three, of foreign and

domestic.

New Orleans
Columbia

Connecticut

Rhode Island

16,408,000

13,144,000

29,552,000

24,443,000

28,855,000

VII. New Orleans has exported nearly twice as much in eleven years as Newhampshire in twenty-three.

New Orleans

Newhampshire

16,408,000

8,362,000

VIII. Virginia, Maryland, and Columbia, have exported more than the whole five eastern states!!!!!!!!

IX.

187,870,000

98,313,000

13,144,000

299,327,000!!!

299,192,000!!!

The southern states have exported 75 per cent. more

than the five eastern!!!

Southern

Eastern

509,089,000!!! 299,192,000!!!

Since the preceding pages were written, I have examined an interesting work, entitled, " A geographical and statistical view of Massachusetts proper, by Rodolphus Dickinson," published anno 1813. It greatly elucidates the subject I have been discussing; and places the unsoundness of the high commercial claims of Massachusetts in nearly as strong a point of light as any of the documents I have given.

"The exports in 1809 from Boston and Charleston, of American produc tions and manufactures, were 4.009,029 dollars, of which the value of rice, cotton, flour, tobacco, staves, and naval stores, being principally the produce of the southern states, was 2,291,109 dollars."

The writer adds,

"This it is presumed, bears a relative proportion in amount, to the exports of other yeals." Page 78,

It thus appears, that although Boston has disturbed the tranquillity of the United States by her impassioned complaints on the subject of commerce, and the injury it has sustained by the hostility of the southern states, she is indebted to those states for considerably more than half of the American articles she exports. She moreover finds an invaluable market with them for the chief part of her immense foreign importations, and for her valuable manufactures.

It really makes my heart ache with vexation, to find that such mighty, such ruinous errors prevailed on those important topics-errors that generated the most baleful passions, which were hourly increased by artificial excitements, and threatened us with the most awful consequences.,

The reader must not be surprised if I often repeat this sentiment. For "out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh;"—and being convinced this was beyond all comparison the most awful danger that threatened us, it was not to be wondered at, that it engrossed so large a portion of my attention.

I shall conclude this topic with one observation, that as far as my knowledged extends, or as far as I am capable of judging, there has rarely occurred an instance of one nation so very highly indebted to another as the eastern states are to the southern, and yet making such a very miserable and ungrateful return.

I imagined that in the preceding chapters I had fully exhausted the comparison of the commercial importance of the several sections of the United States. I had at all events convinced every man whose mind was open to conviction, that the arrogant claims on this subject, of the eastern states, were utterly unfounded, and that the middle and southern sections had as much more interest in the protection of commerce than their eastern brethren, as the merchant who loads a waggon with 10,000 dollars worth of goods, has more interest in the intercourse between the seller and the consumer, than the owner of the waggon.

But I find I did not do full justice to the subject. A new view of it has been presented to the public by the indefatigable editor of the Weekly Register, which far transcends the views I took. But even Mr. Niles has not pursued the argument to the full extent of which it is susceptible.

The exports of cotton from the port of Savannah alone, from the 20th of March till the 30th of June, 1815, a period of three months and ten days, were

Sea Island, 21,000 bales, each 300 lbs. at 33

cents,

2,100,000

Upland, 55,582 bales, each 300 lbs. at twenty

and also supposing the exports of the remaining eight months and twenty days to amount to half that sum, it is at the rate of nearly 10,000,000 dollars for the year.

A review of the tables in page 287, will show that the whole of the exports, of every kind, foreign and domestic, from the state of Massachusetts, for twenty three years, were only 235,000,000 dollars, which is an average of about 10,000,000 per annum, whereof considerably more than half was foreign. It therefore follows that the domestic exports of the single port of Savannah this year will equal the average of the exports of every kind from the mighty, the powerful, the commercial state of Massachusetts, from the time of the organization of the gov ernment till the close of the year 1813 !!!

Tonnage.

The eastern states, which maintained such arrogant commercial claims, on the ground of their exports and imports, likewise preferred high pretensions on their transcendant superiority of shipping. These towering claims are unfounded, although not in the same degree with the others. Let the reader decide. I have before me, a statement of the tonnage of the United States for two years, from which I make a few extracts, In order to inter these pretensions in the same grave with the

From the above statement it appears that in the year 1810, the tonnage of Norfolk as well as Charleston was considerably superior to that of any port in the eastern or middle states, except Boston, New York, and Philadelphia; and that the tonRage of Baltimore was more than double that of any port in the eastern states, except Boston.

The aggregrate tonnage of Vermont, NewHampshire, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, in 1811, was (tons)

The city of Baltimore in the same year

108,000

103,000

that is, within 5000 tons of the whole amount of the tonnage of these four states, which have made such a clamour on the subject of commerce. The tonnage of the whole district of Maryland for that year was 143,000 tons, being an excess of 35,000 tons, or nearly one third more than those states !!!*

The clearances from the port of Savannah, exclusive of coasters, for April, May, and June, 1815, were 191, and the entries, also exclusive of coasters, were 203. Whereas the foreign entries into the port of Boston for five months, March, April, May, June, and July, 1815, were only 212--and the foreign clearances only 270. That is, the foreign entries into Savannah, in three months, were 203, and into Boston in five months, only 212! What a developement of the relative commerce of both ports! how utterly beyond all expectation or calculation!

CHAPTER L.

Another source of excitement among the citizens of the eastern states. Duties on imports. Statistics. Southern states pay very near as much as the castern. Wonderful delusion.

THOSE men whose unceasing efforts were employed to excite the passions of the yeomanry of the eastern states, and prepare them for insurrection and a dissolution of the union, raised a great clamour on the subject of the enormous amount of duties paid by those states, and the insignificance of the sums paid by the southern section of the nation. They thence inferred the injustice and the inequality of the union, and its oppressive operation upon the former section.

*See Weekly Register, vol. VIII. page 370, from which I have extracted these facts.

Bb