confider them only in the light of a diftrefied people. Surely our benevolence is never refused to the diftreffed; and shall we refuse it to those whofe diftrefs is occafioned by their bravely defending their liberties? The fentiments with which the gene rous aid of individuals is received in Corfica, will beft appear from what the illuftrious chief Paoli writes to me, on being informed that a fociety of gentlemen had sent two and thirty piece of ordnance from Scotland, for the fervice of the brave iflanders: "Li principi foccorono per le lor mire politiche ed entereffite. Questo e un fuffidio che ci procura la virtù e l'umanità." "Princessive fuccours from political views and interefts. This is the fubfidy of virtue and humanity." [xxiv. 674.] The Corficans have already done won ders against the French; and if they are fpeedily fupplied with money to purchase ammunition, and pay the men, who, while under arms, cannot provide for themselves, I have good authority to hope that we shall fee them nobly refift all the force of the enemy. JAMES BOSWELL. Contributions are received by Andrew Drummond, Efq; and Co. Bankers at Charing-crofs, London, and John Coutts, Elq; and Co. Edinburgh. The declaration of the Imperial court of Ruffia to the courts of Europe, upon the arrest of its minifter refident at Conftantinople. Received by letters from St Peterburg of Nov. 20. HER Imperial Majefty, in taking a part in the tranfactions of the republic of Poland, as humanity on one fide, and the obligations of her crown on the other, bad prompted her, was no lefs careful to conduct herself in fuch a manner as not to give any umbrage to a jealous and powerful neighbour: every part of her conduct was public: and he had likewife a particular attention to communicate in confidence to the Ottoman Porte her refolutions upon every ftep he took, and the conduct the intended to obferve till the peace and tranquillity of that king dom was entirely re-enablifhed. But the enemies to the peace of these two empires were not wanting to blacken at the Porte, all the actions of her Imperial Majefty, and to fow there the feeds of difcord by the most falfe imputations. The Porte, reftrained by the upright conduct the court of Ruffia continued to maintain towards them, liftened, but it was with caution, to the calumny that was spread. Some attention to the affairs of Poland, and an impartial examination of what Ruffia had done, compared with the overtures made by that court at the Porte, had difperfed all fufpicion, and the public tranquillity feemed to be no more threatened. The common enemies, however, repeated their infinuations with more rage and audacity than ever, to impose upon the credulity of the Turkish nation, and infused a spirit of difcontent among them, which called for the notice of government for it had forced its way even into the Seraglio. The change in the miniftry, brought about by thefe events, foon produced a revolution in the fyftem of peace, equally dear to both nations. The new Vizir, upon his advancement, immediately fent for M. Obrefkow, her Imperial Majesty's refident at the Porte; and after having caused to be read in his presence a declaration full of heavy charges against his court, part of which had already been invalidated by the most fair and candid explanations, and others that had never exifted, or were ever thought of, the Vizir preffed him to fign immediately, fovereign, fome very offenfive conditions, under the guaranty of the allies of his in regard to which there never had been made the leaft propofal during the whole course of the operations in Poland. These conditions, very derogatory to the honour and glory of the Emprefs, accustomed to receive no law, propofed in a tone and form repugnant to the freedom of negotiation adopted by every power, were attended by the alternative of an immediate rupture of the perpetual peace between the two empires. The Ruffian minifter, confident of the upright intentions of his court, and conicious of the probity of his own conduct, as having fulfilled the duties of a long ministry, was incapable of unworthily degrading his court and his own character by a humilitating engagement, and which would have exceeded the power and commiffion of any minifter, let them be ever fo extenfive; he gave therefore a pofitive refufal, as became his honour and his duty; and the refolution of the divan, which followed immediately after, was to arrest him, and part of his retinue, and carry 1 him to the caftle of the Seven Towers. It would be needless for the Imperial court of Ruffia to dwell any longer upon this event, or to enter here into an examination of it. The fact fpeaks for itfelf. The honour and glory of her Imperial Majefty, the regard to her empire, point out the part it is right for her to take. Confiding in the juftice of her cause, the appeals to all Christian courts on the fituation fhe finds herself in with regard to the common enemy of Chriftianity, certain as fhe is, that her conduct will meet with equal approbation from each of them, and that she shall have the advantage to join to the divine protection, the just affiftance of her friends, and the good wishes of all Christendom. The Grand Signior's Manifefto, delivered to the foreign minifters at Conftantinople, in order to be remitted to their respec tive courts. What follows, clearly fhews that the Sublime Porte has religiously obferved the articles of peace established between her and the court of Ruffia; which latter, on the contrary, has broke them in many ways. The court of Ruffia, against the faith of treaties, has not ceafed from building different fortrefies on the frontiers of the two states, and furnishing them with troops and ammunition. In the year 1177 (or 1763) on the death of Auguftus III. King of Poland, when that republic wanted, according to the fyftem of Polish liberty, to proceed to the election of a King, the court of Ruflia, by force and violence, made a King of a fimple Polish officer, who had never had a king in his family, and to whom royalty no way belonged; and, in taking part with this king, interfered in all the affairs of Poland, acting there by quite contrary to the fenfe of the republic. The Porte having advertised the Ruffian refident of all this, he declared, that the republic of Poland had required a certain number of troops, to protect her own liberty, and that 6000 cavalry and 1000 coffacks were granted for that purpose, but that they were neither furnifhed with cannon or ammunition, and were under the command of the laid republic, and that there was not a fingle Ruffian foldier more in Poland. And when it was afterwards demanded of him, why the court of Ruflia had fent more troops into Po land? and why they had ufed violence in the election of Poniatowsky, son of one of the grandees of Poland? the faid refident affured, by a writing under his own hand, that his court was not engaged to any particular pern, and that the had never made the leaft effort, nor used the leaft violence to forward the election of any one whatever. Notwithstanding this affurance and declaration, the court of Ruffia ce fed not to fend fucceffively troops, cannon, and ammunition, under the command of her own generals, who continued to attack the Polish liberty, and to put to death fuch as refufed to fubmit to the perfon whom they had not elected for their King, and who was not the son of a King, after having deprived them, by violence, of their eftates both real and perfonal. A conduct like this, causing some diforder on the frontiers of the Sublime Porte, the gave Ruflia to understand, that according to the tenor of articles of both old and new Imperial capitulations, the ought to withdraw her troops from Poland; upon which the refident answered by different memorials, one while that thofe troops fhould retire in February, and then again fixing their departure for fome other time. In the mean time news was received that Ruffian troops had been fent to Balta (one of the Turkish frontiers) with artillery, and had there fuddenly attacked Muffulmen, and maffacred upwards of a thousand perfons, men, women, and children. The court of Ruffia, after having been questioned on this point on the part of the Sublime Porte, as well as on that of the Chan of Crimar (a magnanimous Lord, and worthy of command), denied all that had paffed, alledging, that the Haydamacks had done tome damage, and that they fhould be chaftifed; when it was at the fame time notorious, that the Haydamacks never make ufe of cannon or bombs in their irruptions. We still perlifted to demand in vain the reafon of this conduct, and why the court of Ruffia would not, in the courfe of three years, withdraw her troops from Poland; as the articles of the treaty of 1133 (1719) and of that made in 1152 (1738) imported, "that every time any thing happened capable of interrupting the perpetual peace of the two empires, they fhould pro4 K 2 ceed, ceed, ipfo facto, to the means of terminating them amicably." Nevertheless the violences and damages exercifed at Balta have been all difavowed, and the punishment of those who had the affurance to commit them, retarded, and even ne. glected. But the filence of the Ruffian refident, who was invited to repair to the Porte to account for this conduct, and what was the view of his court in ftill keeping her troops in Poland, was a fort of acknowledgement of an infraction of treaty. Being particularly questioned in regard to the object of the Ruffian troops who remained in Poland, he could only answer, that they would not depart till all the Poles had fubmitted to the King. At length it was finally demanded of the Ruflian refident, whether, according to the old and new treaties between the two empires, the court of Ruflia would defift from meddling with the affairs of Poland, under the pretence of guaranty and promife? and he replied, that his powers were limited, and that he could give no answer upon this head, which was only known to his court. This manner of proceeding clearly demonstrating that the faid power had thought proper to break the treaties, the illuftrions doctors of the law have given by fetfas (or legal sentences) their opinion, importing, that the exigence of rigorous justice made it neceffary to declare war a gainst the Muscovites; an opinion which has been unanimoufly confirmed; infomuch that the arrest of the Ruffian refident became expedient. By the prefent manifefto, all the powers of Europe are informed, that, according to the ancient etiquette of the Sublime Porte, the faid refident must remain in the caftle of the Seven Towers; and that, during the whole time this affair has been in hand, the Sublime Porte has done nothing to break the good friendfhip with Ruffia, but, on the contrary, difgnifed her griefs, and deferred her refentment for three years, out of regard for that court, which alone has been guilty of the infraction of treaties, by the facts herein before mentioned. fuch I mean as are fincere Christians, in the strict sense of the word, who out of the abundance of their heart, introduce, as often as they have opportunity, the fubject on which their thoughts and time are chiefly bestowed. Religion is fo totally banifhed all polite converfation, and indeed from amongst all ranks of people, that any perfon who brings in the fubje, with that zeal as if his life was animated by the precepts of the golpel, needs no. other qualification to be termed a Methodift. Such is every clergyman called who really and heartily performs his duty in his parith, and ads up to his profeffion fincerely. St Paul orders all fuch to preach the word in feafon and out of feafon; but now whenever the gospel is mentioned out of the church, it is fure to be out of feafon; and every clergyman who is defirous of complying with the prefent age, and to avoid the ap pearance of Methodifm, must obferve thefe few rules.--Never fpeak of religion but in the pulpit and defk; and to please the people there, let your fubjeas be more on Morality than Chriftianity. In company and conversation let no one guefs your profeffion, but by the colour of your coat; for fhould the leaft word efcape you that you have your duty at heart, your company would grow irkfome and difagreeable, and you would be avoided; as there is nothing so terrifying to the people of this generation, as the fear of being righteous over much. Avoid likewife speaking too favourably of all fects of people; and particularly, when you speak of any one termed a Methodist, whether fo or not in reality, in all his actions, whether juft or unjust, condemn him unheard; always carrying this in your mind, that a Methodist is always in the wrong. Amongst your poor parithioners you may, without fear of offending, fomtimes vifit them in a neighbourly way, and comfort their bodies with food and cloathing; but if you go farther, and attempt to benefit their fouls, make a daily practice of visiting them, reproving them when wrong, and taking pains to make them good Chriftians; if you do this, you will presently be called a Methodift. things, your company and converfation If you carefully avoid thefe may be coveted in the world; little matter what you are in other respects, so you are tolerably agreeable; and, if what is called a good fort of man, as is the ac ceptation time, fhe yielded a pint; the next day fhe yielded two pints, and continued to do fo till all the burnet was eaten; after which her milk was in two days redu ced to its former quantity of a fingle glass." ceptation of that character at present, you will be esteemed.What the Methodifts and their doctrines really are, I am entirely ignorant of: I do not at tempt to take their part; fome good wellmeaning people, no doubt, there are a mongst them, and I fear a great many bad and that they have done a great deal of harm is certain; and it is no fmall piece of mischief, I think, that every perfon who dares in this trifling generation to think and act more fuitably to his Chriftian calling, than the generality do, is called one of that fect, and treated and difrefpected accordingly. The influence their good example might have had is loft, and it is fo great a reproach to be religious, that many, I doubt, fearful of the name of Methodist, conceal and bury in their hearts a natural love for religion, and a defire to obey its precepts, but fhame forbids their light fhining before men. But let me remind fuch of thofe words of our Saviour: "Whofoever thall be alhamed of me, and of my. words, of him thall the Son of man be afhamed, when he thall come in his own glory, and in his Father's, and of the holy angels." Lond. Mag. O. Z. Extract of a letter from Mr Henry Rigal, of Heidelburg, in the Upper Palatinate of Germany, to Mr Crefinus of London, dated Oct, 18. 1767. THE culture of burnet [xxviii. 227.] will, I believe, take fooner in this country than in many others. My reafon for thinking fo, is, that I find every body highly prejudiced in its favour, partly from the two following circumstances. Horfes afflicted with the cancer have not yet failed to be cured here, by feeding them with burnet mixed with ftraw. I am pretty certain of its efficacy in this cale. Mr Crefinus obferves, that there is certainly fomething extremely curious in this account of Mr Rigal's. As to the virtues of burnet in increasing the milk of fuckling women, says he, it may be very easily known by a few experiments made here; for women in full milk may be able to judge, as well as those whose milk is on the decline. Should it be found to anfver, it will be a great difcovery to the phyfical world; for if it is found to have this extraordinary effect upon an external application, its virtues, when used internally, may be much greatWhat Mr Rigal fays of the effect of er. the burnet on the goat, in increasing her milk from half a pint to two pints a-day, is a strong corroborating proof of what Mr Baldwin faid in the account he laid before the fociety of arts in January 1766. Upon referring to that account, I find his words are as follows: "Being much vexed at the idle tales told about, fo much to the prejudice of burnet, I determined to put it to as fair a trial as The other quality which has recommended burnet to us, is, that fome leaves of it put between the breasts of a wet nurse whofe milk has failed, even entirely, will bring her milk again in a few days. When I left your happy ifland last winter, I brought over with me a little burnet-feed, just enough to produce me as many plants as were fufficient to feed a goat for a week. The goat, before fhe fed on the burnet, yielded a full glafs of milk a-day: (as it was a German glass, we will suppose it a half-pint one). The day after the had burnet for the first I poffibly could. Accordingly I ordered in upon burnet four cows which were in good feed on natural grass, and had befides a large trufs of oat ftraw every night; notwithstanding they gave very little milk, nay, were almost dry. These cows, I declare, had not been on the burnet above fix days before they gave much more than double the quantity of milk, nay, was I to fay three times the quantity, I know I fhould not exceed the truth." Select papers in Agriculture, No 2. Mr URBAN, November 1768. S there is no mention of the fall of AS man in all the fubfequent books of the Old Teftament, after the third chapter of Genefis, though priests and prophets bad fuch numerous occafions, from the manners of the Ifraelites, to remind them of that catastrophe, I fhall be glad to have the opinion of fome of your theological correfpondents, what is the reafon of fuch profound filence. I have a reason in petto, drawn from Dr Hyde's fcarce and curious tract de religione veterum Perfarum et Medorum; in which, however, I may be mistaken. VICE COTIS. AME AMERICAN PAPERS, &c. [598.] An engagement entered into at Boston. THE merchants and traders in the town of Bofton have taken into con fideration the deplorable fituation of the trade, and the many difficulties it at prefent labours under is daily increafing, for want of the other remittances to difcharge our debts in G. Britain, and by the large fums collected by the officers of the cuftoms for duties on goods imported; the heavy tax levied to difcharge the debts contracted by the government in the late war; the imbarraffments and reftrictions laid on the trade by feveral acts of parliament; together with the bad fuccefs of our cod-fifhery this feason, and the difcouraging profpect of the whalefifhery, by which our principal fources of remittance are like to be greatly diminished, and we thereby rendered unable to pay the debts we owe the merchants in G. Britain, and to continue the importation of goods from thence. We the fubfcribers, in order to relieve the trade under thofe difcouragements, promote industry, frugality, and occonomy, and to difcourage luxury, and every kind of extravagance, do promife and engage to and with each other as follows. 1. That we will not fend for or import from G, Britain, either upon our own account or upon commiffions, this fall, any other goods than what are already ordered for the fall-fupply. 2. That we will not fend for or import any kind of goods or merchandise from G. Britain, either on our own ac count, or on commiffion, or any other wife, from the first of January 1769 to the first of January 1770, except falt, coals, fish hooks and lines, hemp and duck, bar lead and fhot, wool-cards and card-wire. 3. That we will not purchase of any factor, or others, any kind of goods imported from G. Britain, from January 1769 to January 1770. 4. That we will not import, on our own account, or on commiffions, or purchafe of any who fhall import from any other colony in America, from January 1769 to January 1770, any tea, glafs, paper, or other goods, commonly import ed from G. Britain. 5. That we will not, from and after the 1st of January 1769, import into this province any tea, paper, glafs, or paint ers colours, until the act impofing duties on those articles fhall be repealed. In witnefs whereof we have hereunto fet our hands this tft of August 1768. Refolves by the merchants of New York, dated, Aug. 27. 1768. 1. That we will not fend for from G. Britain, either upon our own account, or on commiflion, this fall, any other goods than what we have already ordered. 2. That we will not import any kind of merchandise from G. Britain, either on our own account, or on commission, or any otherwife, nor purchase from any factor or others, any kind of goods imported from G. Britain directly, or by way of any of the other colonies, or by way of the Weft Indies, that thall be hipped from G. Britainr after the first day of November, until the forementioned acts of parliament, imposing duties on paper, glass, &c. be repealed; except the only articles of coals, salt, failcloth, wool-cards, and card-wire, grindftones, chalk, lead, tin, sheet-copper, and German steel. 3. We further agree, not to import any kind of merchandise from Hamburg and Holland, directly from thence, nor by any other way whatever, more than what we have already ordered, except tiles and bricks. 4. We also promise to countermand all orders given from G. Britain, on or fince the 16th instant, by the first conveyance, ordering thofe goods not to be fent unless the forementioned duties are taken off. 5. And we further agree, that if any person or perfons, fubfcribers hereto, hall take any advantage by importing any kind of goods that are herein refricted, directly or indirefly, contrary to the true intent and meaning of this agreement, fuch perfon or perfons fhall by us be deemed enemies to their country. 6. Laftly, we agree, that if any goods shall be configned or fent over to us, contrary to our agreement in this fubfcription, fuch goods fo imported fhall be lodged in fome public warehouse, to be kept under confinement until the forementioned acts are repealed. Subfcribed by nearly all the merchants and traders in town. [xxix.656.] SIR, London, Oct. 4. THE laft accounts from Bofton inform us, that refolutions have been come to |