Judge Dory removed to Green Bay in 1824, and continued to reside there until 1841, when, having been appointed Governor of the Territory, he removed to Madison where he lived until 1844, when he was succeeded by N. P. Tallmadge and removed to Doty's Island, between Neenah and Menasha. In 1861, he was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Utah, where he immediately removed. He was subsequently appointed Governor of that Territory, and continued to reside there until his death on the 13th of June, 1865.

Judge DOTY was repeatedly elected Delegate in Congress for the Territory of Wisconsin, and was appointed Governor of the Territory in 1841. After the admission of the State into the Union, he was twice elected a member of the House of Representatives. He was a member from Winnebago county of the convention which framed the first constitution.

MORGAN L. MARTIN came to Green Bay in 1827 where he has ever since resided; he was a lawyer of distinction, and more recently Judge of the County Court of Brown county with civil jurisdiction. He was for many years a member of the Territorial Legislature, and in 1845 was elected Delegate in Congress for the Territory. He was a member and President of the convention which framed the present constitution of the State, and has since been a member of the State Legislature.

Green Bay owed much of its progress and prosperity to the citizens whom we have particularly mentioned; as it did also to many others who are not specifically named.

CHAPTER VIII.

PRAIRIE DU CHIEN.

The time of the first settlement, and even of the first visitation, of Prairie du Chien, by any white man, is involved in uncertainty.

It is presumed that HENNEPIN, in 1680, was the first civilized human being to behold this site of rare natural beauty. It could not have escaped his notice; but as he makes no mention of it, the inference is legitimate that it was not then occupied even as an Indian village.

It is not remarkable that MARQUETTE and JOLIET, in their descent of the Wisconsin river into the Mississippi, in 1673, should not have visited or seen it, as it was three or four miles above the route they must have taken, and obscured from their view by the trees and vegetation upon the bank and islands of the Wisconsin river.

It would seem that there was a military post on the Mississippi, near the Wisconsin river, as early as 1689-probably at Prairie du Chien-as the official document of the French taking possession of the Upper Mississippi, by NICHOLAS PERROT, May 8, 1689, has among the witnesses "Monsieur DE BORIEGUILLOT, commanding the French in the neighborhood of the Ouiskonche, on the Mississippi."

It is stated by Rev. ALFRED BRUNSON," as well as I (he) can ascertain," that the first settlement at Prairie du Chien was made by a trader or hunter, whose name was CARDINELLE, who, with his wife, came from Canada in 1726, and made a small farm. The tradition about this settlement, so far as relates to the date, is very questionable.

After the death of this man, the date of which is not known, his wife was again and repeatedly married, and finally died at this place as recently as 1827, and is supposed to have attained the great age of one hundred and thirty years.

The name of the next settler, according to Dr. BRUNSON, was GANIER, whose descendants still remain there.

About the year 1737 a French trading post was established, and a stockade built around the buildings to protect them from the Indians, and occasionally a voyageur got married and settled down on a piece of land; but little progress or

improvement was made in the place so long as its business was limited to Indian trade; for whatever enterprise the Indian trader possessed in his normal pursuit, he had none which tended to the development and settlement of the country.

It is said in a report made in 1818 to the house of Representatives of the United States, by the committee on public lands, of which Hon. GEORGE ROBERTSON, of Kentucky, a very able and careful writer, was chairman, that in the year 1755 the government of France established a military post near the mouth of the Ouisconsin; that many French families established themselves in the neighborhood and established the village of Prairie du Chien.

But some doubt is cast over this statement by the omission of Capt. CARVER, in his "Travels," to make any mention of there being any white inhabitants at the place when he visited it in 1766, although he describes the large Indian town, to which the Indians had removed about thirty years before, from their village on the Wisconsin, about five miles above its mouth, and he says that the traders who had accompanied him, took up their residence for the winter at the Yellow river, on the opposite side of the Mississippi, only about ten miles above Prairie du Chien. This they certainly would not have done if there had been a settlement of whites near the mouth of the Wisconsin river.

It does not appear probable that the trading post and stockade established in 1737-if any such were establishedor the military post established in 1755 by the French government, if any was then established, were permanently maintained, or that either had any existence as late as 1780 or 1781. There was a tradition among the old settlers, testified to in 1820, in the testimony taken in relation to private land claims, that the old fort was burned in 1777.

It appears quite certain that in 1781 Gov. PATRICK SINCLAIR, of Mackinaw, at a treaty with the Indians, purchased their right and title to Mackinaw, Green Bay and Prairie du Chien, and a tract at the latter place six leagues up and down the river and six leagues back, and that so far as related to Prairie du Chien, the purchase was made for and in behalf of the traders, by three of whom-BAZIL GUIRD, PIERRE ANTUA and AUGUSTIN ANGE-the payment in goods was made.

MICHAEL BRISBOIS settled at Prairie du Chien in 1781,

where he continued to reside for fifty-six years. He died in 1837, at the age of seventy-seven years, and was buried by his son, in accordance with his request, on a prominent bluff back of Prairie du Chien. He left several children, who continue to reside where their father lived so long.

In his "Early History of Wisconsin," Dr. BRUNSON says that, according to the statements of MICHAEL BRISBOIS, there were twenty or thirty settlers at Prairie du Chien when he went there, and twelve years later (1793) there were fortythree farms and twenty or thirty village lots claimed and occupied, most of which had been built upon. The most of these settlers were hunters, traders, and voyageurs who, taking wives of the natives, prosecuted farming upon a small and primitive scale in a way not to interfere with their other employments.

Mr. BRISBOIS, besides being a trader, carried on the business of baking and farming to some extent. He gave to the inhabitants tickets for fifty loaves of bread for each one hundred pounds of flour they brought to him, and these tickets formed a currency with which they carried on trade with the Indians and with each other. None of the inhabitants made their own bread, and BRISBOÏS' bake-house was their sole dependence for the staff of life.

About 1807 a trader by the name of CAMPBELL was appointed by the United States government sub-Indian agent, and also justice of the peace by the Governor of Illinois. He was killed at Mackinaw in a duel with one CRAWFORD, about a year afterward, and was succeeded in both offices by NICHOLAS BOILVIN.

The coutume de Paris so far prevailed before the laws of Michigan were introduced, about 1819, that a part of the ceremony of marriage was the entering into a contract in writing, generally giving, if no issue, the property to the survivor. When the parties desired to be divorced, they went together before the magistrate and made known their wishes, who, in their presence, tore up the marriage contract, and according to the custom of the country they were then divorced.

JAMES AIRD and DUNCAN GRAHAM had been engaged in the Indian trade from some time during the last century, at as early a period, it is supposed, as during the Revolutionary war. Their trade was with the Sioux or Dacotahs, among

whom they spent the winter season, while the summer months were spent at Prairie du Chien.

The most noted character in the history of Prairie du Chien during the first quarter of the present century was JOSEPH ROLETTE. He was born in Canada, of a respectable French family. He was educated for the Roman Catholic church, but, not liking the profession, he quit it, and served a regular apprenticeship to mercantile business.

About the year 1804, having engaged in the Indian trade with Mr. MURDOCH CAMERON, he came to Prairie du Chien, where he continued to reside up to the time of his death in 1841. He was an active merchant and trader, and a hospitable and generous citizen, and for an Indian trader, he had considerable enterprise for the prosperity and improvement of the country. He cultivated quite an extensive farm, and was interested in other improvements. He exercised a very considerable political influence, which he devoted to the interests of his friends, without regard to political considerations. In 1827 or '28 he was appointed Chief Justice of the county court, which office he held until 1830. His wife was a woman of culture and refinement, and he left a daughter who was married to Maj. ALEXANDER S. HOOE, of the United States army.

Before the war of 1812 Prairie du Chien, and the surrounding country, was beginning to attract the attention of settlers, but that event suspended all new settlements.

It was well known in 1813 that the British meditated the occupation of the Illinois Territory, and they had at the portage of the Fox and Wisconsin several cannon for a fort to be erected at Prairie du Chien, where it was stated there were about sixty families, most of whom were engaged in agriculture, and where permanent subsistence could be obtained for one thousand regular troops. For some unknown reason the erection of the fort was not undertaken that year by the British.

In the spring of 1814 the United States government sent from St. Louis a company of regulars, under command of Lieut. PERKINS, and 135 volunteers-dauntless young fellows from Missouri-to Prairie du Chien. They ascended the river in boats, accompanied by Gov. CLARK, who returned to St. Louis in June. He reported that the regulars had taken possession of the house formerly occupied by the old Mackinaw company, and that the volunteers