Solidago Virga-aurea, L. var. humilis.-Mt. Katahdin, by Rev. Mr. Blake. Rudbeckia hirta, L.-Noticed in various parts of Washington county" introduced within two years." Tanacetum Huronense, Nutt.-On banks of main St. John; on Alleguash, St. Francis and Madawaska rivers. Not detected south of Seven Isles. Artemisia Canadensis, Mx.-St. John. Artemisia caudata, Mx.-Wells, Rev. Mr. Blake; also at York and Biddeford. Arnica mollis, Hooker.-Katahdin, rare. Nabalus racemosus, Hooker.-St. Francis river. Lobelia Kalmii, L.-Eastern Aroostook county. Rhododendron maximum, L.-Standish, near Sebago lake. Castilleia septentrionalis, Lindley.-St. Francis and St. John. Halenia deflexa, Grieseb.-Near Katahdin; not seen by any of our party above Seboois river. Polygonum Tataricum, L.-Cultivated on the banks of the St. John, by the French who call it "rough buckwheat." Having escaped from fields it grows plentifully in the woods of upper St. John. As it is new to our New England Manuals, a description is herewith annexed. P. Tataricum, L.-Ls. cordate-sagittate; stem unarmed; seeds with unequal angles and toothed. This grain constitutes the great staple of the food of the Acadians of the river, and appears to ripen the fruit early enough to escape the September frosts. Euphorbia esula, L.-A troublesome weed near Perry. Salix Uva-ursi, Pursh.-Mt. Katahdin, Rev. Mr. Blake. Also found on "Traveller." Pinus Banksiana, Lam.-Noticed by me at two places only-the Traveller Mt. and on an island in Grand Lake. Lumbermen call it a scarce tree in Northern Maine. It is named by them "Lake" and "Rock-pine." Platanthera Hookeri, Lindl.-In Aroostook county. Calypso borealis, Salisb.-Rev. Mr. Chickering collected fine specimens in a swamp near Oldtown. Iris Virginica, L.-Near Chamberlain Lake. Clintonia borealis, Raf.-Near Katahdin, and northward. Tofieldia glutinosa, Willd.-Common on the banks of St. John, St. Luzula arcuata, Meyer.-Mt. Katahdin.. Juncus militaris, Bigelow.-Near Chamberlain Lake, thirty miles north of Katahdin. Scirpus fluviatilis, Gray.-Near a pond in Perry. Carex Norvegica, L.-Rev. Mr. Blake detected this species near Wells beach. Vilfa cuspidata, Torrey in Hooker's Fl. Bor. Am.-Near Grand Falls on the St. John. Dr. Gray very kindly determined this species. Triticum caninum, L.-Prof. Tuckerman collected this plant at Cape Elizabeth; also the following species new to our Flora: Triticum junceum, L. Woodwardia angustifolia, Smith—Acton and Brownfield. Aspidium aculeatum, var. Braunii.-Rocks near Katahdin; also near Mt. Lunksoos. Selaginella apus, Sprengl.-Kittery, in meadows. Thanks to the kind assistance of Rev. Mr. Blake, now of Gilmanton, N. H., Rev. Mr. Chute of Boston, Rev. J. W. Chickering, Jr., formerly of Portland, Mr. G. W. Weston of Fryeburg, Mr. A. S. Packard, Jr., of Brunswick, and very many others, I am able after this season's work to prepare a tolerably full catalogue of the plants of Maine. But you, sir, and the Geologist of the survey, thought it advisable to defer the publication of such a list till further survey shall have increased the number of species known to exist in the State. From the hasty, but highly satisfactory search made thus in connection with the geological explorers, I am convinced that there exists in Maine, particularly in the northern part and on the extreme eastern coast, a highly interesting field for botanical investigation. And since the survey of this season has developed the fact of a flora in Aroostook East, differing from that of the North of Maine or South of the State, it becomes a matter of much interest to determine the limits of the more "western plants"-for, where these plants occur, we find the mild climate and fertile soil which renders Aroostook county such a desirable home for a farmer; in fact, the defining of such limits will serve to mark the line between the fertility of the Eastern part of the county and the colder timber land of the Northern and Western portions. One word in relation to the specimens collected by me this summer and autumn. They were of course hastily prepared under the pressure of a daily task besides their collection, and during protracted journeys. Therefore they are not all such specimens as please a botanist, but they serve sufficiently well for the determination of species. I have deposited for the present in the rooms of the Portland Society of Natural History, the following; Plants of Oxford county, 622 species. Plants of York county, 409 species; of course some are duplicates of Oxford. Plants of Katahdin and vicinity, 123 species. Plants of Northern and Eastern Maine, 800 species. Exclusive of Cryptogamia, there are 912 species and 9,000 specimens. Yours respectfully, G. L. GOODALE, Botanist to the Survey. ENTOMOLOGICAL REPORT ON THE ARMY WORM AND GRAIN APHIS. BY A. S. PACKARD, JR., BRUNSWICK. The summer of 1861 will be long remembered by agriculturists by the injury their crops received from the sudden and unprecedenced appearance of a caterpillar which destroyed the leaves and heads of every sort of grain; and of a species of Aphis or plantlouse that gathered in immense numbers on the ears of the grain that had been left untouched by the army worm, sucking out the sap of the ear, and thus lessening very materially its weight; or if in many cases not doing as much damage as this, causing much apprehension and anxiety to farmers generally. No one in this State, at least, we believe, has ever heard of these two insects before this year, though very probably they have been living among us, unnoticed from their rarity, for some years. We regret that we could not personally have observed the habits of these insects, but are obliged to depend on communications to agricultural papers. We are especially indebted to Mr. Sanborn of the Massachusetts State Museum, for much information about, and specimens of the army worm (its chrysalis and moth,) and two of its parasites; to S. L. Goodale, Saco, and to C. A. Shurtleff of Brookline, Mass., for similar favors. Much interesting material is given in "Insects injurious to Vegetation, in Illinois: by B. D. Walsh." ARMY WORM. The most injurious of these two insects is the larva of the Leucania unipuncta, one of a family of night-flying moths that embraces an immense number of species. The genus Leucana has a spindleshaped body, a robust thorax, with a distinct collar just behind the head which above is triangular, carrying near the base, the thread like antennæ or feelers, which are about two-thirds the length of the wings. Two stout palpi, with a slender tip project from the under side of the head, from each side of the hollow sucking-tube used to suck the sweets of flowers, but which at rest is rolled up between the palpi and rendered almost invisible by the thick-set, long hair-like scales that cover the head. A little behind the front margin of the thorax are placed the wings; the forward pair narrow and oblong, arched slightly at the apex, and just below, the outer oblique edge bulges out slightly. The outer edge or that farthest out from the insertion of the wing is in this genus two or three times as wide as the base. In the middle of the forewing is a vein that runs out very prominent to just where it divides into three lesser branches; on this point in the species described below is a conspicuous white dot which gives it its name, unipunctata. The hind wings are short, broad and thin, just reaching out to the outer edge of the forewing. There is a slight notch near the middle of the outer edge, and the inner edge or that most parallel to the abdomen is fringed with quite long hairy scales, that run into the pale fringe of the outer edge, which is always paler and broader than that of the forewings. Both wings are much paler beneath, and do not show the markings of the upper side. When the moth is at rest the hind wings are laid upon the abdomen and partially folded, so that the forewings over lap one another above them, like a roof. Thus folded, the ends of the wings are not much wider than the thorax. The abdomen tapers rather rapidly, ending in a pencil of hairs. The second and third joints of the legs are much thickened, the last joints armed with minute spines, four of which are largest on the third joint. Characters like these show moths of this genus to be strong and swift on the wing. In meadows and grass lands when disturbed they dart suddenly up from under our feet and plunge into covert very quickly again. In the evening they fly in great numbers into open windows, attracted by the light within. Most of our Maine species of Leucana have light colored wings, with dark streaks and dots, but the unipunctata is larger and darker colored. Its prevailing hues are rusty grayish brown, sprinkled or peppered sparsely with black scales. The upper part of the head, the front part of the thorax or collar and front margin of the forewing are of a lighter shade. Between the front margin |