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WRITERS-BENEFACTORS.

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lars; which done, he slept his hour (custom made him critical to proportion it) in his desk in the school; but woe be to the scholar that slept the while! Awaking, he heard them accurately; and Atropos might be persuaded to pity, as soon as he to pardon, where he found just fault. The prayers of cockering mothers prevailed with him as much as the requests of indulgent fathers, rather increasing than mitigating his severity on their offending child.

In a word he was plagosus Orbilius; though it may be truly said (and safely for one out of his school) that others have taught as much learning with fewer lashes. Yet his sharpness was the better endured, because impartial; and many excellent scholars were bred under him, whereof bishop Andrews was most remarkable.

Then quitting that place, he was presented to the rich parsonage of Stanford-rivers in Essex. I have heard from those who have heard him preach, that his sermons were not excellent, which to me seems no wonder; partly, because there is a different discipline in teaching children and men; partly, because such who make divinity (not the choice of their youth but) the refuge of their age, seldom attain to eminency therein. He died about the middle of the reign of queen Elizabeth.

CHRISTOPHER POTTER, D.D. kinsman to bishop Potter (of whom before) was born in this county, bred fellow of Queen's College in Oxford, and at last was chosen provost thereof, chaplain in ordinary to king Charles, and dean of Worcester. One of a sweet nature, comely presence, courteous carriage, devout life, and deep learning; he wrote an excellent book, entituled "Charity Mistaken," containing impregnable truth, so that malice may snarl at but not bite it, without breaking its own teeth. Yet a railing Jesuit wrote a pretended confutation thereof, to which the doctor made no return; partly because the industrious bee would not meddle with a wasp, or hornet rather; partly because Mr. Chillingworth, a great master of defence in school divinity, took up the cudgels against him. This worthy doctor died the beginning of our civil distem

pers.

BENEFACTORS TO THE PUBLIC.

ROBERT LANGTON-MILES SPENCER, Doctors of Law.*-It is pity to part them, being natives of this county (as I am credibly informed), doctors in the same faculty, and co-partners in the same charity, the building of a fair school at Appleby, the pregnant mother of so many eminent scholars.

As for Robert Langton, he was bred in, and a benefactor to, Queen's College in Oxford, owing the glazing of many windows

* Though disputable, I conceive them rightly placed since the Reformation.-F.

therein to his beneficency. Witness his conceit to communicate his name to posterity, viz. a ton (the rebus, or fancy general, for all surnames in that termination) extended very long beyond an ordinary proportion [Lang the northern man pronounceth it]; whereby he conceiveth his surname completed. I shall be thankful to him who shall inform me of the dates of their several deaths.

ANNE CLYFFORD, sole daughter and heir to George earl of Cumberland, wife first to Richard earl of Dorset, then to Philip earl of Pembroke and Montgomery (though born and nursed in Hertfordshire, yet) because having her greatest residence and estate in the north, is properly referable to this county. The proverb is, "Homo non est ubi animat, sed amat," (One is not to be reputed there where he lives, but where he loves ;) on which account this lady is placed, not where she first took life, but where she hath left a most lasting monument of her love to the public.

This is that most beautiful hospital, stately built, and richly endowed, at her sole cost, at Appleby in this county.

It was conceived a bold and daring part of Thomas Cecil (son to treasurer Burleigh) to enjoin his masons and carpenters not to omit a day's work at the building of Wimbleton house in Surrey, though the Spanish Armada, anno 1588, all that while shot off their guns, whereof some might be heard to the place. But Christianly valiant is the charity of this lady, who in this age, wherein there is an earthquake of ancient hospitals, and as for new ones they are hardly to be seen for new lights; I say, courageous this worthy lady's charity, who dare found in this confounding age, wherein so much was demolished and aliened, which was given to God and his Church. Long may she live in wealth and honour, exactly to complete whatsoever her bountiful intentions have designed.

MEMORABLE PERSONS.

RICHARD GILPIN, a valiant man in this county, was enfeoffed, in the reign of king John, about the year 1208, in the lordship of Kentmere hall, by the baron of Kendall, for his singular deserts both in peace and war: "This was that Richard Gilpin, who slew the wild boar, that, raging in the mountains adjoining (as sometimes that of Erimanthus), much endamaged the country people; whence it is, that the Gilpins in their coat arms give the boar."*

I confess, the story of this Westmoreland Hercules soundeth something Romanza-like. However I believe it, partly because so reverend a pen hath recorded it, and because the people in these parts need not feign foes in the fancy (bears,

* Life of Bernard Gilpin, written by bishop Carleton, p. 2.

LORD MAYOR SHERIFFS.

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boars, and wild beasts) who in that age had real enemies, the neighbouring Scots, to encounter.

LORD MAYOR.

1. Cuthbert Buckle, son of Christopher Buckle, of Bourgh, Vintner, 1593.

SHERIFFS.

I find two or three links but no continued chain of Sheriffs in this county, until the 10th of king John, who bestowed the bailiwick and revenues of this county upon Robert lord Vipont.

ROBERT de VIPONT, the last of that family, about the reign of king Edward the first left two daughters: 1. Sibel, married to Roger lord Clifford: 2. Idonea* (the first and last I meet with of that Christian name, though proper enough for women, who are to be "meet helps"+ to their husbands) married to Roger de Leburn.

Now because "Honor nescit dividi," (Honour cannot be divided betwixt co-heirs), and because in such cases it is in the power and pleasure of the king to assign it entire to which he pleased, the king conferred the hereditary sheriffalty of this county on the Lord Clifford, who had married the eldest sister.

It hath ever since continued in that honourable family. I find Elizabeth the widow of Thomas lord Clifford (probably in the minority of her son) sheriffess (as I may say) in the sixteenth of Richard the Second, till the last of king Henry the Fourth.

Yet was it fashionable for these lords to depute and present the most principal gentry of this shire, their " sub-vicecomites," (under-sheriffs,) in their right, to order the affairs of that county. I find Sir Thomas Parr, Sir William Parr (ancestors to queen Katharine Parr), as also knights of the families of the Bellingams, Musgraves, &c. discharging that office; so high ran the credit and reputation thereof.

Henry lord Clifford was, by king Henry the Eighth, anno 1525, created earl of Cumberland; and when Henry the fifth earl of that family died lately without issue male, the Honour of this hereditary sheriffalty, with large revenues, reverted unto Anne the sole daughter of George Clifford third earl of Cumberland, the relict of Richard earl of Dorset (and since of Philip earl of Pembroke and Montgomery); by whom she had two daughters, the elder married to the earl of Thanet, and the younger married to James earl of Northampton.

THE FAREWELL.

Reader, I must confess myself sorry and ashamed, that I cannot do more right to the natives of this county, so far distanced • Camden's Britannia, in Westmoreland.

+ Genesis ii. 18.

north, that I never had yet the opportunity to behold it. Oh that I had but received some intelligence from my worthy friend Doctor Thomas Barlow, provost of Queen's College in Oxford! who, for his religion and learning, is an especial ornament of Westmoreland. But time, tide, and a printer's press, are three unmannerly things, that will stay for no man; and therefore I request that my defective endeavours may be well accepted.

I learn out of Master Camden, that in the river Cann, in this county, there be two catadupe, or waterfalls; whereof the northern, sounding clear and loud, foretokeneth fair weather; the southern, on the same terms, presageth rain. Now I wish that the former of these may be vocal in hay time and harvest, the latter after great draught, that so both of them may make welcome music to the inhabitants.

WORTHIES OF WESTMORELAND WHO HAVE FLOURISHED SINCE THE TIME OF FULLER.

Launcelot ADDISON, dean of Lichfield, author, and father of the poet; born at Crosby Ravensworth, or Mauld's Meaburn, 1632; died 1703.

Anthony ASKEW, physician, Greek scholar, and collector; born at Kendal 1722; died 1774.

Dr. Thomas BARLOW, time-serving bishop of Lincoln; born at Langdale near Orton 1607; died 1691.

John BARWICK, D.D. divine, royalist, and author; born at Witherslack 1612; died 1664.

Peter BARWICK, M.D. brother of the above, whose life he wrote in elegant Latin; born at Witherslack 1619; died 1705. Richard BRAITHWAITE, facetious and eccentric author of "Drunken Barnaby;" born at Burneshead; died 1673. Dr. Richard BURN, author of the "Justice" and the "Ecclesiastical Law;" &c.; born at Kirkby Stephen; died 1789. Ephraim CHAMBERS, mathematical instrument maker, author of the Encyclopedia; born at Milton; died 1740.

Dr. George FOTHERGILL, principal of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, author of sermons; born at Lickholme in Ravenstonedale 1705; died 1760.

Dr. Thomas GARNETT, physician and natural philosopher; born at Casterton 1766; died 1802.

Edmund GIBSON, bishop of London, scholar and antiquary; born at High Knype 1669; died 1748.

Thomas GIBSON, uncle of the bishop, and son-in-law to the protector Richard Cromwell, physician and author; born at High Knype..

WORTHIES SINCE THE TIME OF FULLER, &c. 313

William GIBSON, farmer, and self-taught mathematician of most wonderful powers; born at Bolton near Appleby 1720; died 1791. William HUDSON, surgeon, one of the earliest Linnæan botanists in England, and author; born at Kendal 1730; died 1793. Dr. William LANCASTER, provost of Queen's College, Oxford, and one of the founders of Barton school in 1649; born at Sockbridge.

Dr. John LANGHORNE, divine, poet, and critic, voluminous author; born at Kirkby Stephen, or Winton, 1735; died 1779. Dr. John MILL, divine and biblical critic; born at Hardendale in Shap 1645: died 1707.

Charles MORTON, learned physician and antiquary; born 1716. Joseph ROBERTSON, learned and industrious critic; born at High Knype 1726; died 1802.

Dr. Thomas SHAW, learned divine and Eastern traveller; born at Kendal 1692; died 1751.

John SMITH, editor of Bede, divine, versed in Septentrional literature, and in antiquities; born at Lowther 1659; died 1715. Joseph SMITH, provost of Queen's College, Oxford, brother of John, divine, learned in politics and the law of nations; born at Lowther 1670; died 1756.

Adam WALKER, natural and experimental philosopher, lecturer, and author; born at Windermere 1731; died 1821. Richard WATSON, bishop of Llandaff, apologist for the Bible and Christianity, chemist and politician; born at Heversham 1737; died 1816.

Sir George WHARTON, baronet, astronomer, and loyalist; born at Kendal; died 1681.

George WHITEHEAD, learned and zealous Quaker; born at Newbigg, near Orton, about 1636; died 1722-3.

John WILSON, botanist, author of a "Synopsis of British Plants," originally a stocking-knitter; born at Kendal; died about 1750.

The History of Westmoreland has been generally united with that of Cumberland; and the principal one is that published by Mr. J. Nicholson and Dr. Burn in 1727, as mentioned under the head of Cumberland, vol. i. p. 364.

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