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I have not known/ when his affections/ swayed
More than his rea'son. But, 'tis a common pro'of,
That low'liness is young ambition's lad'der;
(Whereto the climber up'wards turns his fa'ce ;)
B'ut, when he once attains the utmost round,
He then unto the la'dder turns his back,
Loo'ks in the clouds, scorning the base degrees
By which he did ascend: so Cæsar m'ay.
The'n, les't he m'ay, preve'nt. And, since the quarrel
Will bear no colour, for the thing he is,
Fashion it th`us,―th'at wha't he is, augmented,
Would run to the'se, and the^se-extremities:

And there'fore, thi'nk him as a serpent's egg/

Whi'ch hatc'hed/ wo'uld, as his kin'd, grow mis'chievous;
And k'ill-him/ in the shell.

APPEAL OF BRUTUS TO THE ROMAN PEOPLE, ON THE DEATH OF CÆSAR.

SHAKSPEARE.

ROMANS, coun'trymen, and lo'vers! hear me for my cause', and be silent, that you may hear. Belie've me/ for mine hon`our, and have respect' to mine ho'nour, that you may believe'. Cen'sure me/ in your wis'dom, and awake your sen ́ses, that you may the better judge'. If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Ca'sar's, to him' I say', that Brutus'* love to Cæ'sar, was no le'ss than h'is. If then that friend deman'd, why Brutus rose against Cæsar, this is my answer: Not that I loved Cæsar less', but that I loved Rome' mo^re. Had you rather Cæsar were li ́ving, and die all sla^ves; than that Cæsar were dead', to live all free'men? As Cæsar lo'ved me, I weep' for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice' at it; as he was valiant, I honour him; but, as he was ambi'tious, I slew him. There are tear's/ for his love', joy' for his fortune, ho`nour/ for his va'lour, but de^ath/ for his ambition. Who's here-so base', that would be a bond'man? If any',

* In giving the preference to this form of the genitive case, the Editor has followed Mr. Kemble's manner of delivering the speech, which is not only more harmonious, but more agreeable to the rhythmical structure of the sentence than the other form, "Brutus's."

speak'; for him' have I offend'ed. Who's here so rude', that would not be a Ro'man? If any, speak'; for him' have I offen'ded. Who's here so vi'le, that will not love his country ?* If any, speak'; for him' have I offen'ded.—I pause' for a reply'.

No ne? then none' have I offended. -I have done no more to Cæsar, than you should do to Brutus. The question of his death'/ is enrolled in the Ca'pitol: his gl'ory not exten'uated, wherein he was wor'thy: nor his offe'nces enforced, for which he suffered death'.

Here comes his bo'dy, mourn'ed/ by Mark An'tony: wh'o, though he had no han'd in his death', shall receive the be^nefit of his d'ying (a place/ in the com'monwealth ;) as whic'h of you sh'all not? With th'is/ I depart', that, as I slew my best lo'ver/ for the good of Rome', I have the same dag'ger for my self, when it shall please' my coun'try to nee'd my death'.

ANTONY'S FUNERAL ORATION OVER
CÆSAR'S BODY.

SHAKSPEARE.

FRIENDS', Ro'mans, Country'men, lend' me your ears'.
I come to bury Cæsar,, not to praise him.
The evil/ that men do/ lives a'fter them;
The good/ is oft interred+ with their bones'
So let it be/ with Cæsar. The noble Brutus
Hath told' you, Cæsar was ambi'tious :
If it were-so, it was a grievous fault;
And grie'vously/ hath Cæsar an'swered it.
Here', under leave of Bru'tus, and the rest',
(For Brutus is an ho`nourable man',
So are they all, all' ho`nourable men')
Come I to speak in Cæsar's funeral.

He was my friend', faithful and just to me;

* This is one of those indefinite notes of interrogation that require to be read definitely, for we are not warranted to suppose that any man is

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so vile" as not to "love his country."

+ In blank verse the participial termination ed must always be pronounced as a distinct syllable, where the syllables in a line make only nine without it.

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But Bru'tus

says, he was ambitious ;

And Brutus is an honourable man.

He hath brought many captives home to Rome',
Whose ran'soms/ did the general-coffers fill`;
Did this' in Cæ'sar seem ambitious?

When that the poor' have cri'ed, Cæ'sar hath wept';
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff :-
Yet Bru'tus says, he was ambi'tious;

And Bru'tus is an honourable man.
You all did see', that, on the Lu'percal,

I thrice presented him a kingly crown';

Which he did thrice refuse'.-Was this' ambition? Yet Bru'tus says, he wa's ambitious ;

And sure' he is an honourable man.

I speak not to disprove' what Brutus spoke',
But here I am to speak' what I do know'.

You all did love' him once', (not without ca'use.)
What cause withholds you, then, to mo'urn for him?
O judgment thou art fled to the brutish beasts,
And men'/ have lost their rea'son.-Bea'r with me,—
My heart is in the coffin there with Ca'sar,
And I must pause/ till it come back' to me.
If you have tears', prepare to she'd them now.
You all do know this man'tle: I remember
The first time ever Cæsar put it on',
('Twas on a summer's evening in his tent',)
That day' he overcame the Ner`vii-

Look'! in this place ran Cas'sius' dagger thro`ugh;
See what a rent/ the envious Ca ́sca ma`de !-
Through this the well-beloved Brutu's stab'bed;
And, as he plucked his cursed steel away',
Mark how the blood' of Cæ^sar fo'llowed-it !
(As rushing out of doors', to be resolved,
If Bru^tus/ so unkindly knock`ed, or no',
For Brutus, as you know', was Ca'sar's an'gel.)
Judge', O ye gods'! how dearly Cæsar lo'ved him;
Th'is, this was the unkindest cu't of a'll;

For, when the noble Cæsar saw him' stab,
Ingratitude (more strong than traitor's arms')
Quite vanq'uished him; then burst his mighty heart;
And, in his man'tle, muffling up his face',

(Even at the base of Pompey's statue,

Which all the while ran bloo'd) great Cæsar fell';
O wha't a fall was there', my coun'trymen !
Then I', and you', and all of us fell down',
While bloody trea'son/ fl'ourished o`ver us.
O! now you weep'; and, I perceive', you feel
The dint of pity'; these are gra'cious dr'ops.
Kind so'uls;* what'! we'ep you when you but behold
Our Cæsar's ves'ture wounded? look you here'!
Here is himself, m'arred (as you see') by traitors.
Good friends', swe^et friends', let me not stir you up
any sudden flood' of mu'tiny.

Το

They that have done this deed are honourable.
What private griefs they have', alas'! I know' not,
That made them do' it; they are wi^se and ho^nourable;
And will', no doubt', with rea^son answer you.

I come not', friends', to steal away' your hearts';

I am no orator, as Brutus is:

But, as you know me all', a plain', blunt' man',
That love my friend'; and that they know full well,
That gave me public leave to speak' of him :
For I have neither w'it, nor wo'rds, nor wor'th,
Ac'tion, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,
To stir men's blood; I only speak right on':
I tell you that', which you yourselves' do know';
Show you sweet Cæsar's wounds', (poo'r, po^or/ dumb' mouths' !)
And bid them' speak for me' :-But, were I Bru' tus,
And Brutus An tony, there were' an Antony
Would ruffle up your spi'rits, and put a ton'gue
In every-wound of Ca'sar, that should move'
The stones of Rome', to rise and muˇtiny.

There is a liquid sound of the k, c, and g hard, before the vowels a and i, which gives a smooth and elegant sound to the words in which they occur, and which distinguishes the polite pronunciation of London, from that of every other part of the island. This pronunciation is nearly as if the a and i were preceded by e. Thus kind is pronounced as if written ke-ind; card, as ke-ard; and regard, as re-ge-ard. The words that require this liquid sound, are sky, kind, guide, girl, garden, guise, guile, card, cart, guard, and regard, &c.; these, and their compounds, are nearly all of the words where this sound occurs; but these are so much in use, as to be sufficient to mark a speaker as either coarse or elegant, as he adopts or neglects it.

This sound is taken notice of by Steele, in his English Grammar, so long ago as the reign of Queen Anne.

QUARREL OF BRUTUS AND CASSIUS.

SHAKSPEARE.

Cas. THAT you have wronged-me, doth appear/ in this`,
You have condem'ned and no'ted Lucius Pe'lla
For taking bribes here of the Sa'rdians;
Where'in my let'ter (praying on his side,
Because I knew the m'an) was slighted-of.

Bru. You wronged yourself, to write in such a c ́ase.
Cas. In such a time as th`is/ it is not me`et,

That every nice o'ffence/ should bear its co'mment.
Bru. Yet let me te'll you, Ca'ssius,

you yourself
Are much condem'ned to have an itching pa'lm,
To s'ell and mar't-your-offices/ for gold,

To undeservers.

Cas. I an itching pa'lm?

You know that you are Bru^tus/ that spake th ́is,
Or, by the gods, this spee'ch/ were else your last'.

Bru. The name of Ca^ssius/ honours this corr'uption,

And cha'stisement/ doth therefore hi'de its hea'd.

Cas. Chastisement !

Bru. Remember Marc'h, the i'des-of-March/ remember! Did not great Julius bleed for jusˇtice-sake? What villain touched his bo'dy, that did stab, And no't for justice? Wh'at! shall one of us', That struck the fore`most man of all this world, (But for supporting* ro'bbers), shall we no'w Contaminate our fin'gers with base bri'bes, And sell the mighty me'ed of our large honours For so much tra'sh/ as may be grasped th'us? I'd rather be a do'g, and bay the mo`on, Than su'ch a R'oman.

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*The ringing sound of the participial termination ING must always be carefully and fully preserved, except where the verb, in its simple state, ends in ing, as sing, bring, filing, &c., where it seems proper that the terminational ing should slide nearly into the sound of in, to avoid the tautological repetition of the ringing sound.

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