Becoming African in America: Race and Nation in the Early Black AtlanticOxford University Press, 27 սեպ, 2007 թ. - 304 էջ The first slaves imported to America did not see themselves as "African" but rather as Temne, Igbo, or Yoruban. In Becoming African in America, James Sidbury reveals how an African identity emerged in the late eighteenth-century Atlantic world, tracing the development of "African" from a degrading term connoting savage people to a word that was a source of pride and unity for the diverse victims of the Atlantic slave trade. In this wide-ranging work, Sidbury first examines the work of black writers--such as Ignatius Sancho in England and Phillis Wheatley in America--who created a narrative of African identity that took its meaning from the diaspora, a narrative that began with enslavement and the experience of the Middle Passage, allowing people of various ethnic backgrounds to become "African" by virtue of sharing the oppression of slavery. He looks at political activists who worked within the emerging antislavery moment in England and North America in the 1780s and 1790s; he describes the rise of the African church movement in various cities--most notably, the establishment of the African Methodist Episcopal Church as an independent denomination--and the efforts of wealthy sea captain Paul Cuffe to initiate a black-controlled emigration movement that would forge ties between Sierra Leone and blacks in North America; and he examines in detail the efforts of blacks to emigrate to Africa, founding Sierra Leone and Liberia. Elegantly written and astutely reasoned, Becoming African in America weaves together intellectual, social, cultural, religious, and political threads into an important contribution to African American history, one that fundamentally revises our picture of the rich and complicated roots of African nationalist thought in the U.S. and the black Atlantic. |
From inside the book
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... Sancho, James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, Quobna Ottobah Cugoano, and Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa in England, as well as Phillis Wheatley, Venture Smith, and John Jea in North America published texts, usually autobiographical, in ...
... Sancho, James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, Quobna Ottobah Cugoano, and Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa in England, as well as Phillis Wheatley, Venture Smith, and John Jea in North America published texts, usually autobiographical, in ...
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... Wheatley and Sancho, having been labeled “African” writers, accepted that label and subtly altered what it meant to be “African” within what they wrote. Neither Africa nor African identity plays a central role in their texts, but the ...
... Wheatley and Sancho, having been labeled “African” writers, accepted that label and subtly altered what it meant to be “African” within what they wrote. Neither Africa nor African identity plays a central role in their texts, but the ...
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... Sancho and Wheatley became a central and persistent aspect of the black discourse on African identity. The first generation of narrators contributed more than a descent-based sense of unity to black discussions of African identity.10 ...
... Sancho and Wheatley became a central and persistent aspect of the black discourse on African identity. The first generation of narrators contributed more than a descent-based sense of unity to black discussions of African identity.10 ...
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... Wheatley and the Letters of Ignatius Sancho Before the 1760s, there were many black people in English letters, but there were no prominent black producers of English letters. Shakespeare's Othello had been succeeded by heroic, comic ...
... Wheatley and the Letters of Ignatius Sancho Before the 1760s, there were many black people in English letters, but there were no prominent black producers of English letters. Shakespeare's Othello had been succeeded by heroic, comic ...
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... Wheatley and Ignatius Sancho—achieved significant fame prior to the American Revolution. Perhaps inevitably, they ... Sancho became famous for writing letters that were published in the Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African ...
... Wheatley and Ignatius Sancho—achieved significant fame prior to the American Revolution. Perhaps inevitably, they ... Sancho became famous for writing letters that were published in the Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho, an African ...
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3 | |
17 | |
2 Toward a Transformed Africa | 39 |
3 An African Homeland? | 67 |
4 Out of America | 91 |
5 Becoming African in the English Atlantic | 131 |
6 African Churches and an African Nation | 157 |
7 Becoming American in Liberia and in the United States 18201830 | 181 |
Epilogue | 203 |
Notes | 211 |
Bibliography | 255 |
Index | 277 |
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Common terms and phrases
African identity African Masons African Methodist African nation African Union African Union Society American Colonization Society antislavery asserted Atlantic Atlantic slave trade authors Baltimore Bethel black Americans black discourse Black Loyalists brethren British Carretta chap Christian claim coast of Africa colony Colored Company Company’s congregations Cuffe's Logs Cuffe’s cultural Daniel Coker diaspora discourse on African discussions emigration England enslaved Equiano and Cugoano evangelical filiative free black freedom Freetown George God’s governor Gronniosaw hoped Hundredors Huntingdonian ibid Ignatius Sancho Interesting Narrative James Forten John Clarkson John Marrant Jones kinship Kizell land leaders Liberia living Logs and Letters London Lott Cary movement native Nova Scotians offered Olaudah Equiano oppression Paul Cuffe Peters Philadelphia political Prince Hall promised Pybus race racial racism reel religious Russwurm Savannah settlers shared Sierra Leone slave trade slavery Society’s sought Temne transformation Tythingmen United vision Wheatley and Sancho Wheatley’s William Zachary Macaulay