XXXIV. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. 1790. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1845. Maine, 399,955 501,793 269,328 284,574 280,652 291,948 610,408 737,699 83,059 97,199 108,830 New Hampshire, 96,540 151,719 228,705 298,335 34,730 Alabama, Mississippi, 8,850 40,352 75.448 136,621 375,651 Louisiana, 76,556 153,407 Arkansas, 14,273 Michigan, 4,762 8,896 31.639 212,267 304,278 24,520 147,178 343,031 685,866 Illinois, 12,282 55,211 157,455 476,183 643,482 Missouri, 383,702 511,937 Dist. Columbia, Wisconsin, 30,945 155,277 Iowa, Total, 3,929,827 5,305,925 7,239,814 9,638,131 12,866,920 17,063,353 * May, 1844. XXXV. SLAVES IN THE UNITED STATES. 43,112 *81,920 INDIVIDUAL STATES. I. MAINE. The first permanent settlement in Maine was formed about the year 1630; and for several years the government of the colony was administered in the name of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, as proprietor of the country. In 1652, the inhabitants of Maine were placed under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. The country was, however, afterwards claimed by the heirs of Gorges, but was, in 1677, purchased by the colony of Massachusetts. From that time the territory formed a part of the colony, and afterwards of the State of Massachusetts, and was styled the District of Maine, till the year 1820, when it was erected into an independent state. The Constitution of this state was formed in 1819, and went into operation in 1820. Every male citizen, except paupers, persons under guardianship, and Indians not taxed, 21 years old, and for three months next preceding any election a resident of the state, may vote in the town where his residence is so established. Persons in the army or navy of the United States stationed in garrison, and students in seminaries, shall not thereby gain such a residence as will entitle them to vote. The election of state officers shall be annually, on the second Monday in September. Representatives, not less than 100 nor more than 200 in number, and elected annually, must be 21 years old; five years citizens of the United * Gov. Fairfield was elected United States Senator, March 3d, 1843. States, one year residents in the state, and, for three months next preceding the election, inhabitants of the towns which they represent. A town having 1,500 inhabitants is entitled to send 1 representative; having 3,750, 2; 6,775, 3; 10,500, 4; 15,000, 5; 20,250, 6; 26,250, 7: but no town can ever be entitled to more than 7 representatives. Senators, not less than 20 nor more than 31 in number, must be 25 years old; their term of office and their qualifications in other respects shall be the same as those of the representatives. Vacancies in the Senate shall be filled by joint vote of the senators elected and the representatives, from those who had the highest number of votes in each district at the popular elections. The Senate shall try all impeachments, and a vote of two-thirds of the members present shall be necessary for conviction. Judgment in such cases shall extend only to removal from, or disqualification for, office; the party being still liable to indictment. No senator or representative shall, during his term, be appointed to any civil office of profit that shall have been created, or its emoluments increased, during such term; and no member of Congress, or person holding office under the United States, post-officers excepted, can have a seat in either House. The governor, chosen by a majority of votes, shall hold office for one year. He must be 30 years old, a natural born citizen of the United States; for five years, and at the time of his election and during his term, a resident of the state. If no person has a majority of votes, the House of Representatives, from those having the four highest numbers, if there be so many, shall elect two persons, and return their names to the Senate, one of whom the Senate shall elect and declare governor. No person holding office under the United States, this state, or any other power, shall be governor. If the office of governor be vacant, the President of the Senate, and after him the Speaker of the House, shall act as governor. He may veto a bill; but two-thirds of both Houses may pass it in spite of his veto. Seven councillors, not more than one in any senatorial district, citizens of the United States and residents of the state, shall be chosen annually, by joint-ballot of the senators and representatives, to advise the governor in the executive part of the government. The secretary of state and treasurer shall be chosen annually, by jointballot of the senators and representatives. The treasurer shall not be eligible more than five years successively. The justices of the supreme court shall receive a stated compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. All judicial officers are appointed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, and shall hold office for seven years from the date of their appointment, unless sooner removed by impeachment or address. Quakers, Shakers, justices of the supreme court, and ministers of the gospel, shall be exempted from military duty. Suitable provision shall be made by towns to support and maintain public schools. No grant shall be made by the legislature to any literary institution, unless it has control over its charter. No religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or trust. In all libel cases the truth may be given in evidence, and the jury shall determine both the law and the fact. Amendments to the constitution must receive a two-thirds vote of both Houses, and be submitted to the people at the next general election; and if a majority are in favor of the amendment, it shall become a part of the constitution. GOVERNMENT, For the year ending on the second Wednesday in June, 1848. [Extracted from the Report of the State Treasurer, April 30, 1847.] Amount of receipts from May 1, 1846, to April 30, 1847, $284,032.34 Balance in the Treasury of cash, April 30, 1847, 369,103.54 $653,135.88 Amount of expenditures from May 1, 1846, to April 30, 1847, 560,209.74 Among which are enumerated, besides cash on hand and pro ceeds of annual taxes, U. States 6 per cent. stock, due 1856, |