atives. Representatives must be residents, for the last year, of the towns which return them, and be chosen on the second Monday of November in each year. Forty senators, resident in their districts, and for the last five years in the state, shall be annually chosen in districts set off according to the number of inhabitants therein; and, in case of vacancies, the General Court shall elect the required number in each district, from twice their number of candidates having most votes. The two houses, forming the General Court, meet on the first Wednesday of every January. The governor, chosen annually by a majority of votes, must be a resident of the state for the last seven years, and seized of a freehold of £1,000 value. If there be no choice by the people, the House of Representatives chooses two out of the highest four candidates, if there be so many, and of which two the Senate chooses one as governor. The lieutenant-governor, who is a member of the council (unless he be president thereof in the governor's stead), shall be chosen and qualified in the same way as the governor. Nine councillors, not more than one from each senatorial district, shall be chosen by joint ballot of both houses. The councillors shall record their resolutions and advice in a public register, and, if there be neither governor or lieutenant-governor, shall have all executive power. All judicial officers, the attorney and solicitorgeneral, sheriffs, coroners, and registers of probate, shall be appointed by the governor and council. Permanent and honorable salaries shall be established for the governor and the judges of the Supreme Judicial Court; and all judicial officers, unless expressly excepted, shall hold office during good behavior, removable upon address of both houses. Justices of the peace shall be appointed for seven years. The secretary of state and treasurer are annually chosen by joint ballot of both houses; but no treasurer can hold office for more than five successive years. Notaries public are appointed by the governor and council for seven years, removable upon address. The governor may veto a bill; but two-thirds of both houses may pass it again in spite of the veto. If any amendment to the constitution be proposed in the General Court, and approved by a majority of those voting in the Senate, and by twothirds of those voting in the House, it shall be published and referred to the next General Court; and, if by it approved in like manner, it shall be submitted to the people, and if ratified by a ma-ority of the votes cast, it shall be adopted. GOVERNMENT For the year ending on the 1st Wednesday in January, 1848. Salary. $2,500 John Reed, of Yarmouth, Lieutenant-Governor, $4 a day. John G. Palfrey, of Cambridge, Sec. of the Commonwealth, 1,600 Joseph Barrett, of Concord, Treasurer and Receiver Gen., 1,600 Police Court of Boston. Abel Cushing, Jas. C. Merrill, John G. Rogers, Justices, salary, $1,500 each FINANCES. Total receipts in 1846, including money borrowed, Cash on hand for ordinary revenue, January 1, 1847, Total indebtedness of the State, January 1, 1847, . $563,272 88 555,065 31 $8,658 57 $999,654 30 5,049,555 56 $6,049,209 86 As security for the redemption of the scrip lent to railroads, the Commonwealth holds a mortgage on all the roads, and also 3,000 shares in the Eastern, 4,000 in the Norwich and Worcester, and 1,000 in the Andover and Haverhill. Besides this, the Commonwealth owns various stocks and funds to the amount of $2,650,180.17. Abstract of the Returns of the Banks in Massachusetts for 1846. Aggregate dividends of banks in Boston, for the year, a fraction less than 6 40-100 per ct. แ 66 in October, a fraction over 3 15-100 66 out of Boston, for the year, a frac. less than 5 34-100 "C in October, a fraction over all the banks for the year, a fraction over 2 12-100 CC 5 95-100" Savings Banks. In thirty-eight savings banks, in 1846, there were 62,893 depositors, and $10,680,933.10 of deposits. The rate of the dividend was four and two-thirds per cent.; and the amount divided was $345,443.10. The average annual rate of dividends, for the last five years, is five and a quarter per cent. The annual expenses of the institutions were $29,306.69. The number of depositors in Boston (two banks) was 22,393; amount of deposits, $3,702,260.30; amount of dividend, $130,149.42; annual expenses, $12,262.30. Occupations. State Lunatic Hospital, Worcester; George Chandler, M.D., superintendent. The whole number of rooms designed for the use of patients is 351. The average number of patients for the year ending November 30, 1846, was 359; 270 patients-128 males and 142 females have been discharged during the past year, 154 of whom were restored to health; 31, improved; 43, incurable and harmless; 4, incurable and dangerous; and 28 died. Receipts during the past year, $46,485.14; expenses, $39,870.37. State Prison. According to the report of the Warden, there were 253 prisoners in the Massachusetts State Prison on the 30th September, 1846; 78 having been received, and 112 discharged, during the year. Of these, 180 were committed for offences against property, including burglary, larceny, counterfeiting, &c.; 9 for arson and malicious burning; and 55 for crimes against life and the person, including assaults of various kinds. There are 15 confined for life; 1 for 35 years; 1 for 20 years; and only 28 for terms under 2 years. There are 23 from 15 to 20 years of age; 113 from 20 to 30; 96 from 30 to 50; and 21 over 50. Of the whole number, 64 are foreigners, and 90 natives of Massachusetts. There are 21 second comers and 10 third comers, and 1 each committed for the 4th, 5th, and 6th time. There are 12 negroes and 11 mulattoes. The receipts for labor, fees of admittance, &c., were $32,187.35; and the expenses, $32,692.33, leaving a balance of income of $504.98. Jails and Houses of Correction, for the year ending November 1, 1846.-The whole number of prisoners, including 953 debtors, was 6,544. Of these, 4,953 were males; 4,999 adults; 378 colored persons; 4,381, unable to read or write; 2,125 intemperate; 1,126 natives of Massachusetts; 1,265 natives of other countries; remaining in confinement, November 1st, 1846, 753. Average cost of board of each prisoner per week, $1.67%. Expense of jails, &c., during the year, $65,778.11. Value of labor in Houses of Correction, $15,495.76. Pauperism in the year 1846.-The whole number of persons relieved as paupers was 15,261; 7,022 of whom were state paupers, and 7,850 town paupers. Of the state paupers, 4,411 were foreigners; and of these, 3,834 were from England and Ireland. There were 181 alms-houses, with 18,064 acres of land attached, of the estimated value of $978,809.80. Number relieved in alms-houses, 7,108, of whom 3,545 were unable to labor; number relieved out of alms-house, 7,655; average weekly cost of each pauper in almshouses, $0.88 8-10; out of alms-houses, $0.88 4-10. Net expense of alms-house, including interest, $301,607.08. Estimated value of labor of paupers, $19,501.56; $33,652.10 were paid by the Commonwealth towards the support of state paupers. 722 foreign paupers have come into the state during the year. INFLUENCE OF OCCUPATION ON LONGEVITY. [From the Registration of Deaths in Massachusetts from 1842 to 1846.] Aggregate age. Average age. Number. Aggregate age. age. V. RHODE ISLAND. The settlement of this state was commenced at Providence, in 1636, by the celebrated Roger Williams, a minister who was banished from Massachusetts on account of his religious opinions; and in 1638, the settlement of the island of Rhode Island was begun by William Coddington, John Clarke, and others. In 1643, Mr. Williams went to England, and obtained, in 1644, a charter, by which the settlement of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations were united under one government, and which continued in force till 1663, when a new charter was granted by Charles II., which, until 1842, formed the basis of the government. |