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seven midshipmen, (John O'Reilly, Robert Uniacke, 1815. Peter Drummond, George Ward Cole, William Grove White, David M'Kenzie, and Pilkington, the latter mortally,) 50 seamen, and 11 private marines wounded; total, 17 killed and 77 wounded. The loss on board the american flotilla was comparatively trifling, amounting to six men killed and 35 wounded, including among the latter lieutenant Jones, the commanding officer, who conducted himself with great bravery. For the gallantry which they had displayed on the occasion, captains Lockyer, Montresor, and Roberts were deservedly made post; and some of the lieutenants and midshipmen also received a step in rank.

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The obstacle to a passage through the lakes being Troops now removed, the disembarkation of the troops com- attack menced. On the 16th the first division, consisting Orleof the 85th regiment, landed at Isle-aux-Poix, a small ans. swampy spot, at the mouth of the Pearl river, about 30 miles from the anchorage, and nearly the same distance from the bayou Catalan, or Bienvenu, intended as the point of disembarkation. Various causes delayed the arrival of the boats at the fishermen's village, near the entrance of the bayou, until midnight on the 22d; at which time the advance, consisting in all of 1688 men, under the command of colonel Thornton of the 85th regiment, commenced ascending the bayou Mazaut, or the principal branch of the Bienvenu; and, at 4 A. M. on the 23d, landed at the extremity of Villeré's canal, running from the Mazaut towards the Mississippi. We must not, however, trench upon the province of the military historian. We shall, therefore, merely state, that on the 8th of January, 1815, an unsuccessful Brief attack was made by the british army, under majorgeneral sir Edward Pakenham, upon the strongly of the fortified position of the american major-general result Jackson; and that the loss on the part of the former, attack. amounted to the enormous total, in killed, wounded, and prisoners, of nearly 2000 men, including among

ac

Count

of the

1815. the killed the brave commander in chief. The full details of the action have already appeared in a work devoted exclusively to the subject of the military operations of the late american war; and to that, on account more particularly of the quantity of naval matter yet to be included in this volume, we must beg to refer the reader.*

Early in the month of December rear-admiral Cockburn, in the Albion, from Bermuda, bringing with him the Orlando frigate and some smaller vessels, arrived in the Chesapeake, but merely to carry away the colonial marines; with whom, on the 14th, the rear-admiral steered towards Amelia Island, in East Florida; having left orders for captain Barrie to follow, with the Dragon, Hebrus, and Regulus. Capt. Captain Barrie accordingly departed soon afterwards, Barrie leaving a few frigates and sloops in the Chesapeake; off and, on the 10th of January, arrived off Cumberland berland Island, the southernmost of the chain along the island. coast of Georgia, and separated by Cumberland Sound from Amelia Island.

arrives

Cum

Rear-admiral Cockburn not having yet arrived, captain Philip Somerville of the 38-gun frigate Rota, as the senior officer, determined upon employing the two companies of the 2d West-India regiment, and the detachments of royal marines which had recently arrived on that coast, in a combined attack upon the frontier-town of the state of Georgia, St.-Mary's, situated a few miles up the river of that name, dividing the United States from East Florida. Attacks On the 13th an attack, with about 700 troops," marines, and seamen, under the command of capPetre tain Barrie, was made on the fort, or key to the entrance of the river, at Point Petre. This fort mounted two 24, two 18, one 9, and two brass 6, of St. pounders; from which, however, scarcely a single Mary's, discharge was made, ere the garrison abandoned the post, and fled to the woods in the rear. On the

a fort

atPoint

and

captures

town

&c.

* James's Military Occurrences, vol. ii. p. 355.

14th, the combined forces, accompanied by the bomb. 1815. vessels Devastation and Terror, captains Thomas Alexander and John Sheridan, ascended the river to St.-Mary's. Contrary to expectation, here, also, no resistance was made; and the town, the shipping in the harbour, and the merchandise in the stores, were taken quiet possession of. Soon afterwards an expedition of boats went a considerable distance further up the river, and brought down the Countessof-Harcourt indiaman, which had been captured and carried in there by a Charlestown privateer; also a beautiful gun-boat, named the Scorpion, a present from the town of St.-Mary's to the United States.

adm.

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On the 15th of January rear admiral Cockburn, Rearwho had been blown off the coast by strong north- Cockwest gales, arrived and took the command; and on burn the 22d, after removing the guns, and destroying and the fort and barracks, at Point Petre, the British fortifies descended the river to Cumberland island; of which berland immediate possession was taken. The troops and island. marines were here encamped; and the rear-admiral established his head-quarters at a very large house, surrounding it with the ordnance brought from Point Petre. On the 22d of February eight launches, two pinnaces, and one gig, containing 186 officers, seamen, and marines, under the command of captain Phillott, of the Primrose, assisted by captain Bartholomew, of the Erebus, ascended the St.-Mary's river, without opposition, 120 miles; Unsucwhen a heavy fire of musketry, opening upon them boatfrom each side, compelled the British to retreat. expedi While daylight lasted, a spirited fire was kept up the St.by the boats; but, unfortunately, after dark, the Mary's. men could not be restrained from firing, by which they exposed themselves to the view of the enemy. The river, in some parts, was so narrow, that a. couple of stout trees, many of which were on the banks, felled and thrown across, would have completely cut off the retreat of the boats. That not having been done, the boats got back to the island,

cessful

tion up

1815. with four killed, and 25 wounded, including among Feb. the latter the two captains; also lieutenant of marines John Fraser, and midshipmen James Everingham and Jonathan Haworth Peel.

Rearadm.

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Rear-admiral Cockburn remained at his fortified Cock- house on Cumberland island, awaiting the arrival burn of some troops, to aid in making an attack upon the mains town of Savannah in Georgia; when, on the 25th atCum of February, the american general in the vicinity island apprized him, that peace had been concluded between the United States and Great Britain. Such of the was the fact. The treaty had been signed at Ghent on peace. the 24th of December, 1814, and was ratified by the

berland

till he

hears

Ameri

can

expedition to

president at Washington on the 18th of February, 1815. Of its terms, we shall merely say, that "Free trade and sailors' rights," the avowed object of the war, remained precisely in the same undefined state, as before it was declared by Mr. Madison and his senate. Canada," said an american writer at the early part of the war, "must be conquered, or we shall stand disgraced in the eyes of the world. It is a rod held over our heads; a fortress which haughtily frowns upon our country, and from which are disseminated throughout the land, the seed of disaffection, sedition, and treason. The national safety and honour and glory are lost, if we do not win this splendid prize." And yet, in spite of sir George Prevost and his acts, Canada remained unconquered. Although an end had been put to hostile operations on shore, we have still two or three naval actions to record.

We formerly stated, that commodore Decatur had removed with his crew on board the President frigate at New-York. This ship, like the Unitedbay of States and Constitution, had made some reduction Bengal. in her armament: she had landed two of her 42

the

pounder carronades; which, we believe, were put, on board the brig-sloop Syren, then fitting for sea in the port. The american government being still determined upon an expedition to the East Indies, a

squadron, consisting of the President, Peacock, and 1815. Hornet, along with the Macedonian and Tom-Bowline brigs, laden with stores for their use, was ordered to proceed to the bay of Bengal. On the night of the 18th of November the Hornet, which had been left at New-London as a guard-ship, succeeded in eluding the blockading force, and reached NewYork.

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Endy-

The british squadron which, towards the close of British the year 1814, cruised off the port of New-York, squawas commanded by captain John Hayes, of the cruis56-gun ship Majestic, who had under his orders ing off the 40-gun frigate Endymion, captain Henry Hope, York. and the 38-gun frigate Pomone, captain John Richard Lumley. Between the time of her quitting Halifax Unsucand her junction with captain Hayes, the Endymion attack had experienced a serious misfortune. On the 9th by the of October, when off the shoals of Nantucket, she mion. fell in with the american privateer brig Prince-deNeufchatel, of 18 guns and 120 or 130 men. It being calm, captain Hope detached his boats, under the orders of lieutenant Abel Hawkins, first of the Endymion, to capture the privateer. The boats were repulsed, after sustaining the loss of lieutenant Hawkins, one midshipman, and 26 seamen and marines killed, the second lieutenant, one master's mate, and 35 seamen and marines wounded: besides which the launch was captured, and the crew made prisoners. So determined and effective a resistance did great credit to the ame rican captain and his crew. On the 31st the Endymion fell in with the 56-gun ship Saturn, captain James Nash, bound to Halifax; and, sending on board, along with her surgeon and his servant, 28 wounded officers and men, received from the Saturn, to replace the severe loss she had sustained, one lieutenant, four midshipmen, and 33 seamen and marines.

On the 13th of January, 1815, captain Hayes was joined by the 38-gun frigate Tenedos, captain Hyde

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