THE EDINBURGH GAZETTEER, OR GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY: CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS COUNTRIES, KINGDOMS, STATES, CITIES, TOWNS, MOUNTAINS, &c. OF THE WORLD; AN ACCOUNT OF THE SITERNMENT, CUSTOMS, AND RELIGION, OF THE INHABITANTS; THE BOUNDARIES AND FORMING A COMPLETE BODY OF GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL, POLITICAL, STATISTICAL, AND COMMERCIAL. IN SIX VOLUMES. Accompanied by an Atlas, constructed by A. Arrowsmith. VOLUME SIXTH. EDINBURGH: PRINTED FOR ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND CO. EDINBURGH; LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, AND HURST, ROBINSON, AND CO. LONDON. THE EDINBURGH GAZETTEER, OR GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. STO STONE, a parish of England, in Kent, 2 miles E. by N. of Dartford. Population 433-Another parish in the above county, 1 mile S. W. of Feversham.-Another parish in the same county, 5 miles S. E. of Teaterden. STONE, a parish of England, in Worcestashire, 2 miles S. E. by E. of Kiddermister. Population 404. STONE ARABIA, a village of the United States, in Palatine, New York, on the Dorth side of the Mohawk. 58 miles W.N.W. of Albany. STONEASTON, a township of England, in Somersetshire, near the coal-pits between Mendip and Midsummer-Norton, miles N. of Shepton Mallet. Popula tion 364. STONEBECK, UPPER, a township in the above county, 1 mile distant from the foregoing. Population 341. STONE-BRIDGE CREEK, a small stream of the United States, in Washington county, New York, so called from a natural stone bridge under which it runs. The stream has its rise in Essex county. It enters the township of Chester a little rbore the bridge, and immediately falls Over a rocky precipice, into a large natural basin; whence turning easterly, it enters its abterranean passage in two branches. The northern branch enters its passage under an arch of massy granite forty feet high, and VOL. VI. FART. 1. S T Q about eighty feet broad at the base, gra dually diminishing in capacity as you de scend. A person may follow the stream with ease, 156 feet from the entrance, where it becomes so contracted as to check any farther progress. As might be expect ed, the reverberation of sound, from the discharge of a musket, is prodigious, and for a moment drowns every faculty in the wild echo of tumultuous sound. At a short distance, the southern and principal branch enters its passage amidst a heap of stones and rubbish that almost conceal the entrance; and, though with difficulty, its passage has been explored. In some places it is very much confined, in others it opens into caverns of 30 or 40 feet diameter, and is filled with water to a great depth. At the distance of 247 feet from the entrance, the waters disembogue in one stream, having united in the subterranean passage; and here is a precipice of rock, 54 feet high, which terminates the bridge. The arch through which the water discharges, is about ten feet wide and five high. This stream enters Scroon river, about threefourths of a mile below the outlet of Scroon lake, and the stone bridge is about 3 miles north-west from the mouth of the creek. STONECRAISE, a hamlet of England, in Cumberland, 2 miles S. E. by S. of Wigton. Population 475. STONE CREEK, a river of the United States, in Mississippi, which runs into the Mississippi, Long. 91. 13. W. Lat. 32. 8. N. STONECROUCH, a hamlet of England, in the parish of Goudhurst, Kent. STONEDELPH, a township of England, in the parish of Tamworth, Warwickshire. STONE-FERRY, a township of England, East Riding of Yorkshire, so named from a ferry over the river Hull. 1 mile N. by E. of Kingston-upon-Hull. STONE FORT, a post village of the United States, in Franklin county, Tennessee. STONEGRAVE, a village of England, North Riding of Yorkshire, 4 miles S. E. of Helmesley. STONEHAM, EARLS, a parish of England, in Suffolk, 9 miles from Ipswich. Population 620. STONEHAM, LITTLE, a parish in the same county, adjoining the foregoing. STONEHAM, NORTH, a parish of England, in Southamptonshire, in the church of which is a beautiful monument to the memory of lord Hawke. It is situated on the river Itchen, 4 miles N. N. E. of Southampton. Population 662. STONEHAM, SOUTH, another parish in the above county, also on the banks of the Itchen, about 1 mile distant from the foregoing. Population 1304. STONEHAM, a township of Lower Canada, on the north side of the St Lawrence, in the county of Quebec. STONEHAVEN, or STONEHIVE, a seaport town of Scotland, in Kincardineshire, situated on the coast where the Cowie and Carron unite their waters as they flow into the sea. It is composed of an old and new town, the former lying on the south bank of the Carron, adjacent to the harbour; the other on a peninsula formed by the Carron and Cowie. This last is laid out upon a regular plan, having broad streets, and a square in the centre. The old town consists of two considerable streets of houses, built on feus granted by the earls marischal, within whose estate it was situated. The harbour is a natural basin, sheltered on the south-east by a high rock which runs out into the sea, and on the north-east by a quay, very convenient for the unloading of goods; but it is neither very capacious nor safe, the entrance being obstructed by sunk en rocks, although it is capable of considerable improvements. Notwithstanding its fine situation for carrying on manufactures, very little business was formerly transacted at Stonehaven. It derived its principal support from the sheriff-court of the county, which has its seat here. Of late, however, a spirit of trade has manifested itself, and the brown linen manufacture has been introduced, and the commerce of the place is rapidly increasing. The town has also received a considerable increase of extent from the public spirit of Mr Barclay of Urie, who feued the new town on his estate, in the neighbouring parish of Fetteresso. The place has on the whole a cheerful and elegant appearance, and abounds with genteel and wealthy people Stonehaven is a burgh of barony, of whic the jurisdiction is by the charter vested i magistrates chosen by the superior and feu ars. Population above 2000. 15 miles by W. of Aberdeen, and 22 N. by E. ‹ Montrose. STONEHENGE, the name of a very r markable ancient monument in Englan in the county of Wilts, situated in th middle of Salisbury Plain. It consists of great collection of stones of immense siz which, from their being some erect, son inclined, and most of them quite dov upon the ground, seem to have formed, one time, an entire building. Their a pearance at present is that of a perfe ruin, a confused heap of standing and f len stones; but by comparing attentive their relative situations, the shape a dimensions of the original structure c still be traced; and the most probal opinion is, that it must have been soi Druidical temple, but of so vast a si: and the stones themselves forming su enormous masses, that it is justly 1 garded as one of the wonders of antiqui Many of the stones also have been squa and hewn by art. On the top of the ou circle a continued row of squared stones! been attached to the uprights by morti and tenons, and various other circumstan contribute to give this monument a pecu' character, quite distinct from the temp of upright stones found in various parts England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, D mark, &c. It presents, therefore, an ob of great interest to the antiquary, and accordingly been examined with due att tion and assiduity. Many treatises h been written on the subject, and the ori and history of this extraordinary anti has excited more speculation and discuss than those of any other ruin of the kind the kingdom. At a distance, this mo ment appears only a small trifling obj its bulk and character being lost in vastness of the open space around it. E on a nearer approach, it often fails to a nish or satisfy the stranger, filled per with exaggerated prepossessions; and in it is more as a subject of historical and a quarian interest, than a mere object of s that it is calculated to make an impres on the observer. The whole building pears to have consisted of two circular two elliptical rows of upright stones, horizontal stones lying on the outer c in a continued order all around, and imposts or horizontal stones on ten upr of the third row. The whole is surro ed by a ditch and vallum of earth, nected with which are three other st The vallum docs not exceed 15 f |