direction of the Alleghany mountains, on the north, to the west of the fall of Niagara; and on the south, between the streams of the Apalachicola, and the rivers which flow into the Atlantic ocean. We shall in the following table give the name of eastern division, to the whole extent of country of which the waters mingle with the Atlantic, with lake Ontario, and the river Saint Lawrence. What we shall call the western division, will comprehend the rivers which flow into the lakes above the fall of the Niagara, into the Mississipi, and the gulph of Mexico. I suppose the eastern division to contain 320,000 English square miles; and that the western division is greater, and may be estimated at 580,000 square miles.

“But considering the present state of the population of the United States, there is yet another more natural division. We may distinguish the territory possessed by the whites, and purchased from the Indians,

from that which is still possessed by the

Indians, in which they will permit no whites to settle. The territory of the Indians appears to contain nearly the same surface with that of the whites; and I compute them at 450,000 square miles each. A small part of the Indian lands, containing only 10,000 square miles, is included in the

eastern division, because it is situated towards the south-east extremity of the state of Georgia.

“ From these data it follows that,

square miles,

The part of the eastern division “ possessed by the whites contains 310,000 The part of the western division “ possessed by the whites, which “ forms in the general table of “ population, the third subdivision,

“ contains - - - - 140,000

The country possessed by the In

“ dians contains - - - 450,000 900,000

“The estimates of territorial extent and population contained in this account, have

“all a reference to the year 1800. Since that

period 15,060 square miles have been purchased from the Indians, and the population of the United States has, in 1804, been increased more than 12 per cent.

“To illustrate more clearly the progress of population in the northern and southern, states, I have again divided the eastern ter. ritory into the north-east and south-west divisions. The former subdivision compre-, hends the east of Pensylvania, the Delaware,

and all the other states situated to the north-east of the Delaware ; and the second subdivision contains all the Atlantic states to the south of Pensylvania, and the Delaware : the first contains 140,000, and the second 170,000 square miles. We may consider this last classification into north-east and south-west” states, as made from political views; for the states which contain slaves, and which are commonly called the

Atlantic slave states, are all included in the

south-east division. It is almost superfluous to observe, that the western part of Pensylvania and Virginia, situated to the west of the Atlantic mountains, have been considered as belonging to the western division. “I have added the enumeration of 1790, and for the part occupied by the citizens of the United States, the increase of population of the whites, and the blacks, both free and slaves. The number of blacks has increased with nearly the same rapidity, as that of the whites. “ From these researches, which have been carefully made, it appears that in the country possessed by the whites, we may reckon 140 individuals to the marine square league:

“ but the population is so unequally distri. “buted, that Massachusets, Connecticut, the southern part of New York, the interior of New Jersey, and the south-east of Pen

sylvania, exceed 700 individuals per square “ league.”

No. of souls

General Table of the Population of the United White Blacks or people of colour. . i. Square States. ites, wnites an miles. To the To the people of square marine sq. Free. Slaves. Total. colour. mile. league. I. Territory possessed by the Whites 1. Division of the north-east - |2,475,740. 53,750 41,802 95,5522,571,292. 140,000 18.36 220 2. Division of the south-east - 1,304,678) 52,097 788,322 840,4192,145,097 170,000 12.62 151 3. Division of the west - - || 522,169 2,707| 64,221 66,928 589,097 140,000. 4.21 50 Total on the 1st October 1800 - |4,302,587 108,554 894,345|1,002,8995,305,486|450,000 11 14] Total on the 1st October 1790 - 3,177,089| 59,538. 697,696 757,234|3,934,323 Increase - 1,125,498 49,016, 196,649| 245,665||1,371,163 Proportion of increase per cent. - 35 82 28 32 34 Total on the 1st October 1800, as above | - - - - - I - - I - - |5,305,486 II. Territory possessed by the Indians l square miles. -. Atlantic part of Georgia 10,000 + 3. 4th. {{. the western waters 444,000 J| T - I - - I - - - - - 60,000*|450,000 0.13% 1: 5,365,486 900,000 6 71