to have been spent in ineffectual attacks upon his enemies, and equally vain efforts to recover the reputation of himfelf and his Hiftory of the Popes, which points he purfued with great fpirit, confidering the age to which he had then attained. Before the controverfy had ended he published his Fourth Volume, and in an abridgment of the first four volumes of his work was published in French at Amtterdam. In 1761 be feems to have affified the Author of "Authentic Memoirs concerning the Portuguefe Inquisition, in a Series of Letters to a Friend," 8vo. and about the fame time produced the Fifth Volume of his Hiftory of the Popes. To this volume he annexed A Summary View of the Controverly between himself and the Papifts, in 180 pages; a perforirance which, from the virulence of his abu'e, was mere calculated to imprefs the reader with the conviction of his guilt, than to afford any fatisfaction of his inno cence. Whether the neglect of the work by the public, or his age, or declining abilities, or to whatever other caufe it is to be afcribed, the remainder of his Hiftory did not make its appearance until juft before the Author's death, when the Sixth and Seventh Volumes were published together, and thefe in fo hafty and flovenly a manner, that the whole period from 1600 to 1758 was comprehended in twenty-fix pages.He died on the 2d September 1766, at the age of 80 years. By his wil!, made on the 1st of Auguft 1749, which does not contain, as might be expected, any declaration of his religious principles he bequeathed all his property to his wife, who, fome time after his death, attefted his having died in the Proteflant Faith f. The following is a lift of the pieces published in confequence of the History of the Popes: 1. A Dialogue between Archibald and Timothy; or, Some Obfervations upon the Dedication and Preface to the Hiftory of the Popes, &c. 8vo. 1748. 2. A Faithful Account of Mr. A. B-r's Motives for leaving his Office of Secretary, &c. 8vo. 1750. 3. Remarks on the Two Firft Volumes of the late Lives of the Popes. In Letters from a Gentleman to a Friend in the Country. Douay. 8vo. 1754. 4. Six Letters from A-d B——r to Father Shelden, Provincial of the Jefuits in England. Illuftrated with feveral remarkable Facts, tending to afcertain the Authenticity of the faid Letters, and the true Character of the Writer. 8vo. 1756. 5. Mr. Archibald Bower's Affidavit in Anfwer to the falie Accufations brought against him by the Papifts, &c. Svo. 1756. 6. Bower vindicated from the falfe Infinuations and Accufations of the Papifts. With a fhort Account of his Character, &c. By a Country Neigh bour. dvo. 1756. 7. Mr. Bower's Anfwer to a fourrilous Pamphlet entitled "Six Letters, &c." Part I. 8vo, 1757. quaint his Lordship with his intention. Mr. Garrick read his own letter to me, as well as his Lordship's answer. The first contained complaints of Bower's ill-behaviour to Mr. Garrick; his refolution to write a Farce, with a fhort outline of it, in which Bower was to be introduced on the Stage as a mock convert, and to be thewn in a variety of attitudes, in which the profligacy of his character was to be expofed. However, he fubmitted the matter to his Lordship, and declared, that he Gould not proceed a step in his intended refentment without his permission. The answer, I remember perfectly well, was comprised in very conde cerding and polite terms: but, at the fame time, he declined the countenancing an attempt which would be attended, perhaps, with fome little uneafi. nefs to himself. He expreffed himself in the most obliging and friendly terms to Mr. Garrick, and as far as I can recollect, recommended the fuppreffing his intended chastife. ment of Bower." Life of Garrick, Vol. 1. p. 272. Mr. Davies adds, that "Mr. Garrick, in confequence of Loid Lyttelton's letter, gave up all further thoughts of introducing Bower to the public." *This is the more remarkable, as it was very much the practice of the times, and as from the peculiarity of Mr. Tower's fituation it feems to have been particularly incumbent on him, on that folemn occafion, to have given the world that fatisfaction. In his "Answer to Bower and Tillemont Compared," p. 3, he fays he was married 20th August 1749. From the date of his will it appears he was married earlier than Auguft. + This we remember to have feen, if we can truft to our memory, in the London Chronicle. Could we obtain a copy of this certificate, we fhorld think ourselves bound, fon principles of candien: a impartiality, to give it to our Readers, 8. Bowe C Cafeoons fixed in their placer B Barrels feperating from the Cassoon D Vessels loaded with stonesto fill it F. 4 Large4Smaller Vejde to leady it F Fort Royal built on the Isle of Lelie Yearizes in the Road of Cherbourg 8. Bower and Tillemont compared; or, The First Volume of the pretended Original and Proteftant Hiftory of the Popes fhewn to be chiefly a Tranflation from a Popish one, &c. 8vo. 1757. 9. Mr. Bower's Anfwer to a new Charge brought against him in a Libel, entitled, Bower and Tillemont compared. 8vo. 1757 10. The Second Part of Mr. Bower's Anfwer to a ferrilous Pamphlet, &c. Svo. 1757: 11. A Full Confutation of all the Facts advanced in Mr. Bower's Three Defences, &c. 8vo. 1757. 12. Mr. Bower's Reply to a feurrilous Libel, entitled, A Full Confutation, &c. 8vo. 1757 13. A Complete and Final Detection of Arch. Bower, &c. 8vo. 1753. 14. One very remarkable Fact more relating to the Conduct of the Jefuits, &c. By Mr. Bower. 8vo. 1758. 15. Some very remarkable Facts lately difcovered, relating to the Conduct of the Jefuits with regard to Mr. Bower, which will greatly contribute to unravel the Mystery of that Affair, &c. By the Rev. John Corpe, Rector of Wayford, Somerfet. 8vo. 1758. 16 Bower detected as an Hiftorian, or his many effential Omiffions, and more effential Perverfions of Facts in favour of Popery demonftrated, by comparing the Three Volumes of his Hiftory with the First Volume of the French History of the Popes now Tranflating. By the Rev. Temple Henry Croker, 8vo. 1758. 17. Mr. A-d's Motives for renouncing the Popish and re-embracing the Proteftant Religion, in which he was educated, with feveral freth Inftances of the unchriftian Principles of the Papifts in general, and the Jefuits in particular. Svo. 1758. 18. A Letter to Mr. Ad concerning his Motives for renouncing the Popifh and re-embracing the Proteftant Religion. Sro. 1758. 19. Summary View of the Controverfy between the Papifts and the Author. 4to. 1761. 20. A Brief Refutation of the priacipal Charges brought against Mr. Bower by his Enemies, extracted from the Summary View. 4to. 21. The Reverend Detector; or, The diguifed Jefuit detected or proved out of his own Mouth a Liar and Slanderer. 4to, 22. The Seven Letters to Father Sheldon proved to be Forgeries by the Teftimony of a profeffed Jefuit. 4to. ACCOUNT OF CHERBURG. WHAT Lewis XIV. intended to During the conduct of the war of 1756, this place drew the attention of that great minifter Mr. Pitt, and was one of the objects of the invafion of the French coafts in the year 1758. In the expedition againft Sr. Malo's, under the Duke of Marlborough and Commodore (now Lord Howe), the English forces appeared before this place on the 29th of June, and came to an anchor about two miles from the town. Some of the tranfports which lay the nearest in shore were fired at from five or fix different batteries, but to no purpose. Orders for the conduct of the attack were diftributed through the fleet, and every thing was prepared for the grand affault"; but at this important moment a form arofe which fruftrated the defign. The fleet weighed anchor next morning, and food for England, where it arrived the following day. But though fuccefs did not attend this attempt, the object was not deferted. In the month of Auguft another expe dition dition took place under Lieutenantgeneral Bligh and Commodore Howe, which fucceeded according to the most fanguine wishes of the nation. On the 7th and 8th of that month his Majefty's troops effected a landing, under cover of the frigates and bomb-ketches, in the Bay des Marées, two leagues weftward of Cherburg, in the face of a large body of the enemy prepared to receive them; and on the latter day, in the evening, Cherburg furrendered at difcretion, the enemy having marched out and abandoned the place on the approach of his Majefty's troops. The fame day Lieutenant-general Bligh took poffeffion of Forts Querqueville, Hornette, and La Galette, and hoifted English colours in them. The General made difpofitions the next day for deftroying the bafon and the two piers at the entrance of the harbour, which he elected, together with all the batteries, forts, magazines, and ftores; and reimbarked without moleftation from the enemy, bringing away with him twenty-two fine braf's cannon and two brafs mortars. At the time this place furrendered the following infcriptions were at the entrance of the harbour on the fluice: Ars, naturæ victrix, aquarum impetum refræuat; facilem navibus tempeftate actis aditum dat; tutelam afferit; copiam invehit; gloriam perpetuat; fimulque principem, fapientem, hc roa, pofteritati commendat t. Cherburg, however, appears to have been confidered as too important a place to be left unreftored. Further efforts were made to re-establish the demolifhed harbour, which at length have fucceeded in the manner now feen. The project of cones failed at firft; but the engineers, in the course of their work, hit upon a scheme which has completely anfwered the purpofe intended. This was by blowing up the rocks in the furrounding country, and bringing them in boats to throw overboard in a direct line and near the angle of forty-five degrees, under the directions of officers in two old fixty-four-gun fhips moored for that purpofe, until the low-water mark appears. On this a wall and fortifications are to be built, leaving a paffage at the caft and weft extremities of this wall, or diep, as the French call it, for ships to pafs in and out, which can be done with almost any wind. This diep is more than three parts finished, and prefents an object of dread to this country, fhould it ever be completed. cealed, that the late ingenious Mr. It ought, however, not to be conSmeaton was of opinion, that whenever this diep was finished, the harbour the tide; a prediction which, from the would fill up with fand washed in by known and acknowledged fagacity of this able engineer, may afford fome fatisfaction to the timid, and will doubtlefs difpel the fears of thofe who view with apprehenfion the ferocious exceffes of unrestrained licentiousness. "Lewis commanded, Fleury advised, and Asfeld caused this ftupendous mole to rife in the midst of the waves, to the unfpeakable benefit of this grateful town. Art has bridled the ocean, and fmoothed the threatening waves. By this defence affluence and glory are both fecured: this fall perpetuate the king, the sage, and the hero." "By the order of Lewis XV. the advice of Fleury, and the conduct of Asfeld, this permanent mole was bere erected. "Art, here fuperior to nature, restrains the impetuofity of the waves; opens an easy entrance to ships driven hither by ftorms; establishes defence; introduces plenty; perpetuates glory; and at cace tranfmits with honour to posterity the king, the fage, and the hero." ANEC. |