PHILOSOPHY

OF THE

INDUCTIVE SCIENCES,

FOUNDED UPON THEIR HISTORY.

D.

BY WILLIAM WHEWELL, D.D.,

MASTER OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.

A NEW EDITION,

WITH CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS, AND
AN APPENDIX, CONTAINING

PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAYS PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

Λαμπάδια ἔχοντες διαδώσουσιν ἀλλήλοις.

VOLUME THE SECOND.

LONDON:

JOHN W. PARKER, WEST STRAND.

Sect. I. The Historical Progress.

Art. 1. The Explication of Conceptions,

2. Has taken place historically by discussions.

3. False Doctrines when exposed appear impossible:

4. But were plausible before

5. Men's Minds gradually cleared.

Sect. II. Use of Definitions.

10.

Sect. III.

The omission of Definition not always blameable.

Use of Axioms.

Art. 12. We must see the Axioms clearly.

13. Inappropriate Ideas cannot lead to Truth.

14. The fault is in the Conceptions.

15. Rules cannot teach Discovery;

Sect. V.

Art. 18.

19.

Accidental Discoveries.

No Scientific Discovery is accidental.

Such accidents do not happen to common Men.

20. Examples.

21.

CHAP. III.

Art. 1.

2.

So far Explication of Conceptions.

OF FACTS AS THE MATERIALS OF SCIENCE

Facts must be true.

Facts not separable from Ideas.

3. The Ideas must be distinct.

4. Conceptions of the Intellect only to be admitted.

5. Facts are to be observed with reference to Space and

Time:

6. And also to other Ideas.

7. The Decomposition of Facts.

8. This step is not sufficient.

9. It introduces technical Terms,

10. And Classification.

11.

These are the materials of Science.

CHAP. IV. OF THE COLLIGATION OF FACTS

Art. 1.

2.

Facts are colligated by Conceptions.

Science begins with common Observation.

3. Facts must be decomposed.

4. What Ideas first give Sciences.

5. Facts must be referred to Ideas.

6. Sagacity needed.

7. Discovery made by Guesses.

9. New Hypotheses not mere modifications of old ones.

10. Hypotheses may have superfluous parts.

11. Hypotheses to be compared with Facts.

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