on the question. No member shall be expelled a second time for the same

cause.

Revision of Sec. 9, Art. IV. This section places control of all bills in the hands of the majority.

SEC. 16. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish the same, except such parts as may require secrecy. The yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall be entered on the journal at the request of one-fifth of the members present. Any member of either house may dissent from and protest against any act, proceeding or resolution which he may deem injurious to any person or the public, and have the reason for his dissent entered on the journal.

Sec. 10, Art. IV. Word "elected" changed to "present."

SEC. 17. In all elections by either house or in joint convention the votes shall be given viva voce. All votes on nominations to the senate shall be taken by yeas and nays and published with the journal of its proceedings.

No change from Sec. 11, Art. IV.

SEC. 18. The doors of each house shall be open unless the public welfare requires secrecy. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than where the legislature may then be in session.

No change from Sec. 12, Art. IV.

SEC. 19.

All legislation shall be by bill and may originate in either house of the legislature.

1 New. Sec. 13, Art. IV.

SEC. 20. The style of the laws shall be: "The People of the State of Michigan enact."

No change from Sec. 48, Art. IV.

SEC. 21. No law shall embrace more than one object, which shall be expressed in its title. No law shall be revised, altered or amended by reference to its title only; but the act revised and the section or sections of the act altered or amended shall be re-enacted and published at length. No act shall take effect or be in force until the expiration of ninety days from the end of the session at which the same is passed, except that the

legislature may give immediate effect to acts making appropriations and acts immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety by a two-thirds vote of the members elected to each house.

Appropriation bills and acts necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety only can be given immediate effect. Secs. 20 and 25, Art. IV.

SEC. 22. No bill shall be passed or become a law at any regular session of the legislature until it has been printed and in the possession of each house for at least five days. No bill shall be passed at a special session of the legislature on any other subjects than those expressly stated in the governor's proclamation or submitted by special message. No bill shall be altered or amended on its passage through either house so as to change its original purpose.

3

New.

SEC. 23. Every bill shall be read three times in each house before the final passage thereof. No bill shall become a law without the concurrence of a majority of all the members elected to each house. On the final passage of all bills, the vote shall be by yeas and nays and entered on the journal.

Words "joint resolution" omitted. Sec. 19, Art. IV.

SEC. 24. The assent of two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the legislature shall be requisite to every bill appropriating the public money or property for local or private purposes.

No change from Sec. 45, Art. IV.

SEC. 25. Fuel, stationery, blanks, printing and binding for the use of the state shall be furnished under contract or contracts with the lowest bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the performance thereof. The legislature shall prescribe by law the manner in which the state printing shall be executed and the accounts rendered therefor; and shall prohibit all charges for constructive labor. It shall not rescind nor alter such contract, nor release the person or persons taking the same or his or their sureties from the performance of any of the conditions of the contract. No member of the legislature nor officer of the state shall be interested directly or indirectly in any such contract. No change from Sec. 22, Art. IV, except in phraseology.

SEC. 26. The legislature may authorize the employment of a chaplain for each of the state prisons; but no money shall be appropriated for the payment of any religious services in either house of the legislature. Sec. 24, Art. IV.

SEC. 27.

The legislature may authorize a trial by a jury of a less number than twelve men.

No change from Sec. 46, Art, IV.

SEC. 28. The legislature may provide by law for indeterminate sentences, so called, as a punishment for crime, on conviction thereof, and for the detention and release of persons imprisoned or detained on said

sentences.

No change from Sec. 47, Art. IV, except in phraseology.

SEC. 29. The legislature shall have power to enact laws relative to the hours and conditions under which women and children may be employed. New.

SEC. 30. The legislature shall pass no local or special act in any case. where a general act can be made applicable, and whether a general act can be made applicable shall be a judicial question. No local or special act shall take effect until approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon in the district to be affected.

New.

SEC. 31. The legislature shall not authorize by private or special law the sale or conveyance of any real estate belonging to any person.

Sec. 23, Art. IV. Last clause of above section transferred to Sec. 27, Art. VIII of this constitution.

SEC. 32. Divorces shall not be granted by the legislature.

No change from Sec. 26, Art. IV.

SEC. 33. The legislature shall not authorize any lottery nor permit the sale of lottery tickets.

No change from Sec. 27, Art. IV.

SEC. 34. The legislature shall not audit nor allow any private claim or account.

No change from Sec. 31, Art. IV.

SEC. 35. The legislature shall not establish a state paper.

No change from Sec. 35, Art. IV.

SEC. 36. Every bill passed by the legislature shall be presented to the governor before it becomes a law. If he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it with his objections to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large upon its journal and reconsider it. On such reconsideration, if two-thirds of the members elected agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent with the objections to the other house, by which it shall be reconsidered. If approved by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall become a law. In such case the vote of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journals of each house, respectively. If any bill be not returned by the governor within ten days, Sundays excepted, after it has been presented to him, it shall become a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the legislature, by adjournment, prevents its return, in which case it shall not become a law. The governor may approve, sign and file in the office of the secretary of state within five days, Sundays excepted, after the adjournment of the legislature any bill passed during the last five days of the session, and the same shall become a law.

Revision of Sec. 14, Art. IV. Abolishes distinction between concurrent and joint resolutions.

SEC. 37. The governor shall have power to disapprove of any item or items of any bill making appropriations of money embracing distinct items; and the part or parts approved shall be the law; and the item or items disapproved shall be void, unless re-passed according to the rules and limitations prescribed for the passage of other bills over the executive

veto.

New.

SEC. 38. Any bill passed by the legislature and approved by the governor, except appropriation bills, may be referred by the legislature to the qualified electors; and no bill so referred shall become a law unless approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon.

New.

SEC. 39. All laws enacted at any session of the legislature shall be pub

lished in book form within sixty days after the final adjournment of the session, and shall be distributed in such manner as shall be provided by law. The speedy publication of such judicial decisions as may be deemed expedient shall also be provided for by law. All laws and judicial decisions shall be free for publication by any person.

Sec. 36, Art. IV.

SEC. 40. No general revision of the laws shall hereafter be made. Whenever necessary, the legislature shall by law provide for a compilation of the laws in force, arranged without alteration, under appropriate heads and titles. Such compilation shall be prepared under the direction of commissioners, appointed by the governor, who may recommend to the legislature the repeal of obsolete laws and shall examine the compilation and certify to its correctness. When so certified, the compilation shall be printed in such manner as shall be prescribed by law.

Revision of Sec. 15, Art. XVIII. This section gives the legislature control over a revision, while formerly the method was stated.

ARTICLE VI.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

SECTION 1. There shall be elected at each general biennial election a governor, a lieutenant governor, a secretary of state, a state treasurer, a commissioner of the state land office, an auditor general and an attorney general, for the term of two years. They shall keep their offices at the seat of government, superintend them in person and perform such duties as may be prescribed by law. The office of commissioner of the state land office may be abolished by law.

Secs. 1 and 3, Art. V, and Secs. 1 and 2, Art. VIII. The election of a superintendent of public instruction is provided for in Sec. 2, Art. XI, herein.

SEC. 2. The chief executive power is vested in the governor.

Sec. 1, Art. V. The remainder of the section is found in the preceding section of this article.

SEC. 3. The governor shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed; shall transact all necessary business with the officers of government; and may require information in writing from all executive and ad