the improvements effected by others have contributed our full share of th ventive genius and of the skill and e which have been productive of so marvellous changes. Steam was first cessfully employed in navigation on A can waters. The electric telegraph, the printing-press, the mower and reaper sewing-machine, the type-writer, are a the American inventions which illustra share which we have had in this work dustrial advancement. We have a rig view with complacency these and si achievements, which have contribut largely to human happiness. Cer they deserve to stand in history on at an equal footing with the achieveme statesmen and warriors.

one thousand eight hundred and eighty-s School Directors or Controllers shall ke schools of their respective Districts in ope at least six months each year.

Provided, That the length of the a term may remain as at present in Di where the maximum amount of tax allow law to be levied for school purposes sh found insufficient to keep the schools o greater length of time.

Approved May 19, 1887.

JAMES A. BEAV

PAYING TEACHERS AT INSTITUTES.

An Act authorizing and requiring Boar School Directors and Controllers to pa teachers employed in the public schools several districts for attendance upon the sions of the annual County Institutes in respective counties:

Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate House of Representatives of the Commonw of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met it is hereby enacted by the authority of the s that all Boards of School Directors and B of Controllers shall be and are hereby au ized and required to pay the teachers empl in the public schools of the several dis within their jurisdiction for attendance upo sessions of the annual county institutes in respective counties.

Sec. 2. Compensation for institute attend shall be based on the official reports ma the several boards of directors or controlle the proper county, city or borough superin ent, who shall report the daily attendan teachers to the respective boards by which are employed, and such compensation sha allowed by the directors or controllers and by the district treasurer to the teachers en to receive the same.

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OFFICIAL DEPARTMENT.

Sec. 3. Compensation as herein authorized
shall not be less than the per diem pay for actual
teaching; provided, that it shall not in any case
exceed two dollars per diem, and shall be al-
lowed and paid to the teachers in their respect-
ive districts for each day's attendance reported
as aforesaid by the proper superintendent; and
provided further, that a common school month
shall consist of twenty days' actual teaching as
now required by law.

Approved: The 13th day of April, A. D. 1887.
JAMES A. BEAVER.

CONSOLIDATION OF DISTRICTS IN CITIES.

An Act relating to school districts in cities of
the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh classes in
this Commonwealth :

Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and it
is hereby enacted by the authority of the same,
that each city of the fourth, fifth, sixth, and
seventh classes in this Commonwealth shall
constitute one school district to be termed the

-school district of —, and all the school property therein shall be the common property of said district.

Sec. 2. Every city of the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh classes hereby constituted one school district, wherein have existed two or more school districts, the directors of the separate districts for the time being shall organize into one school board, and conduct the business of the consolidated district until the election and qualification of the first board of city school controllers or directors.

Sec. 3. In providing for the indebtness of any of the separate districts so consolidated in cities of the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh classes, the board of school controllers or directors shall adjust the annual tax levy upon the valuation of the several districts in such manner that each district shall fully pay and liquidate its own proper liabilities.

Sec. 4. All school taxes heretofore levied by
the school authorities of any such city district
acting for the time being or by the school
boards of the separate districts aforesaid, shall
be collected by the respective city school districts
with the same force and effect as if the same
had been levied after the passage of this act, and
shall be applied to the purposes for which the
same were levied.

Approved: The 28th day of May, A. D. 1887.
JAMES A. BEAVER.

SEPARATE CITY AND BOROUGH INSTITUTES.

An Act amending an act entitled "A further
supplement to an act for the regulation and
continuance of a system of education by com-
mon schools," approved April 9th, A. D.
1867, authorizing cities and boroughs which

the improvements effected by others, but have contributed our full share of the inventive genius and of the skill and energy which have been productive of so many marvellous changes. Steam was first successfully employed in navigation on American waters. The electric telegraph, the power printing-press, the mower and reaper, the sewing-machine, the type-writer, are among the American inventions which illustrate the share which we have had in this work of industrial advancement. We have a right to view with complacency these and similar achievements, which have contributed so largely to human happiness. Certainly they deserve to stand in history on at least an equal footing with the achievements of statesmen and warriors.

one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven, School Directors or Controllers shall keep the schools of their respective Districts in operation at least six months each year.

Provided, That the length of the annual term may remain as at present in Districts where the maximum amount of tax allowed by law to be levied for school purposes shall be found insufficient to keep the schools open a greater length of time.

Approved May 19, 1887.

JAMES A. BEAVER.

PAYING TEACHERS AT INSTITUTES.

An Act authorizing and requiring Boards of School Directors and Controllers to pay the teachers employed in the public schools of the several districts for attendance upon the sessions of the annual County Institutes in their respective counties:

Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that all Boards of School Directors and Boards of Controllers shall be and are hereby authorized and required to pay the teachers employed in the public schools of the several districts within their jurisdiction for attendance upon the sessions of the annual county institutes in their respective counties.

Sec. 2. Compensation for institute attendance shall be based on the official reports made to the several boards of directors or controllers by the proper county, city or borough superintendent, who shall report the daily attendance of teachers to the respective boards by which they are employed, and such compensation shall be allowed by the directors or controllers and paid by the district treasurer to the teachers entitled to receive the same.

is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That section nine of an act entitled "A further supplement to an act for the regulation and continuance of a system of education by common schools," approved April 9th, 1867, which provides as follows, namely, "That from and after the appointment of a city or borough superintendent in any city or borough of this Commonwealth, and the proper notification of the Superintendent of the Common Schools of the fact, such city or borough shall not be subject to the authority and jurisdiction of the county superintendent of the county in which said city or borough is located, except that in thematter of holding annual teachers' institutes as provided in sections two, three, four, and five of this act, in which the city or borough superintendent shall co-operate, and the quota of the annual state appropriation to said city or borough shall not be diminished by reason of any contribution to the salaries of county superintendents, nor shall the directors of such city or borough vote at any election for county superintendent," be amended so as to read as follows, namely,

"Sec. 9. That from and after the appointment of a city or borough superintendent in any city or borough in this Commonwealth, and the proper notification of the Superintendent of Common Schools of the fact, such city or borough shall not be subject to the authority and jurisdiction of the county superintendent of the county in which said city or borough is located, except that in the matter of holding the annual teachers' institutes, as provided by sections second, third, fourth, and fifth of this act, in which the city or borough superintendent shall cooperate, and the quota of the annual state appropriation to said city or borough shall not be diminished by reason of any contribution to the salaries of county superintendents, nor shall the directors of such city or borough vote at any election for county superintendent; Provided, That it shall be lawful for the board of school directors or controllers of any city or borough which has elected a superintendent, and employs not less than seventy-five teachers, by resolution at any stated meeting, and duly recorded, to authorize the holding of a separate annual teachers' institute for said city or borough, and in all matters pertaining to the holding of institutes shall be in no wise subject to the authority and jurisdiction of the superintendent of the schools of the county in which said city or borough is located; and, when the holding of said separate annual institute shall have been so authorized as aforesaid, the superintendent of the schools of said city or borough shall have power to call a teachers' institute, and to draw from the county treasury moneys for the support of the same in like manner and to the same extent as the county superintendents of this commonwealth are now empowered to do, and the said annual institute shall have power to elect a committee on permanent certificates in and for said city or borough as county institutes are now empowered to do for their respective counties."

Sec. 2. All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith be and the same are hereby repealed. Approved: The 24th day of May, A. D. 1887. JAMES A. BEAVER.

CHILDREN UNDER AGE OF TWELVE YEARS.

An Act to prohibit the employment of any child under the age of twelve years by any person, persons, firms, companies, associations, or corporations, to do any work in any mill, manufactory, or mine, or any work pertaining thereto:

Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that it shall be unlawful for any person, persons, firms, companies, associations, or corporations, to employ any child under the age of twelve years to do any work in or about any mill, manufactory, or mine, in this Commonwealth.

Sec. 2. That any person, persons, or corporations who may violate this act shall, on conviction, pay a fine not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars at the discretion of the court. Said fines arising from the violation of this act shall be paid to the treasury of the proper county where said violation shall

Occur.

Approved: The 1st day of June, A. D. 1887. JAMES A. BEAVER.

The General Appropriation bill, which contains the item of $1,500,000 annually for the Public Schools during the next two years, was signed by the Governor on June 12th.

ITEMS FROM REPORTS.

ALLEGHENY.-Supt. Hamilton: Harman township has built two excellent school-houses this year; one is already occupied. It is a handsome two-story brick building, with two main rooms, adjoining class room, directors' room, library, and suitable cloak-rooms. It is furnished with all the modern improvements, and is, perhaps, the most complete edifice of its size in this section of the State. The bor

oughs of Knoxville, Millvale, Sewickley, Tarentum, and Chartiers have added vocal music to their course of study, and excellent results are crowning the efforts of both teachers and pupils. Tarentum and Millvale have taken the initiatory step toward establishing a public school library.

BERKS.-Supt. Keck: Lower Heidelberg has now ten new school-houses, all properly furnished, and Robeson has fourteen such build. ings. The Fleetwood Board bought a new Tellurian for the High School. The attendance of the Bernville schools is remarkably good. The percentage of attendance for the term in the secondary grade at the end of the sixth month is 100. The Birdsboro Board purchased four of White's Physiological Manikins for the use of the schools. The Boyertown Board will build a very fine school-house this summer.