APPENDIX IV TREATY WITH GREAT BRITAIN, JUNE 15, 1846 Which fixed the limit westward of the Rocky Mountains ART. I. From the point on the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, where the boundary laid down in existing treaties and conventions between the United States and Great Britain terminates, the line of boundary between the territories of the United States and those of Her Britannic Majesty shall be continued westward along the said fortyninth parallel of north latitude to the middle of the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver's Island, and thence southerly through the middle of the said channel, and of Fuca's Straits, to the Pacific Ocean: Provided, however, that the navigation of the whole of the said channel and straits, south of the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, remain free and open to both parties. ART. II. From the point at which the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude shall be found to intersect the great northern branch of the Columbia River, the navigation of the said branch shall be free and open to the Hudson's Bay Company, and to all British subjects trading with the same, to the point where the said branch meets the main stream of the Columbia, and thence down the said main stream to the ocean, with free access into and through the said river or rivers, it being understood that all the usual portages along the line thus described shall, in like manner, be free and open. In navigating the said river or rivers, British subjects, with their goods and produce, shall be treated on the same footing as citizens of the United States; it being, however, always understood that nothing in this article shall be construed as preventing, or intended to prevent, the Government of the United States from making any regulations respecting the navigation of the said river or rivers not inconsistent with the present treaty. ART. III. In the future appropriation of the territory south of the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, as provided in the first article of this treaty, the possessory rights of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of all British subjects who may be already in the occupation of land or other property lawfully acquired within the said territory, shall be respected. ART. IV. The farms, lands, and other property of every description belonging to the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, on the north side of the Columbia River, shall be confirmed to the said company. In case, however, the situation of these farms and lands should be considered by the United States to be of public and political importance, and the United States Government should signify a desire to obtain possession of the whole, or of any part thereof, the property so required shall be transferred to the said Government, at a proper valuation, to be agreed upon between the parties. ART. V. The present treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by Her Britannic Majesty; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at London, at the expiration of six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Done at Washington the fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-six. JAMES BUCHANAN. [L.S.] RICHARD PAKENHAM. [L. S. DATE CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 1501. Coast of Darien reached by Spanish navigator Bastidas. 1509. Spanish colonies founded on Darien River 1513. Balboa discovered the South Sea (Pacific) 1519-1521. Conquest of Mexico. 1521. The Philippines discovered by Magellan. 1522-1523. Pacific coast explored by Gonzalez to Gulf of Fonseca 1523. Lake Nicaragua discovered. 1534. Spanish expedition reached California penin sula 1539. Ulloa's expedition sailed north to California Gulf and Cedros Island 1540. Alarçon explored the Colorado to the mouth of the Gila 1542. Cabrillo explored California coast north to Bay of Monterey Spain took possession of the Philippines. 1565. Urdaneta navigated Californian and Mexican coasts from the north. PAGE 4 4 7 1579. Drake explored the North Pacific coast fornia, at Loreto 6 9 9 9 ΙΟ II II 15 17 13 1602. Vizcaino surveyed Pacific coast from Mexico to Oregon's southern boundary 1649. Anadirsk founded. 1728. Bering sailed around the northeastern point DATE 1602-1603. Vizcaino discovered the Bay of Mon terey 1603. Cape Blanco reached by the Spaniards 1639. Okhotsk founded. PAGE 188 13 16 368 368 19 371 19 371 372 373 Bering proved the separation of the conti- 1732. The Alaskan coast discovered by the Russians Chirikof discovered Alaskan coast 1742. Beginning of the Northwest coast fur trade. Bay of San Francisco discovered 1770. San Carlos mission established . 1771. San Antonio mission 1772. San Luis Obispo mission founded 1775. Spanish expedition landed at Point Gren- Heceta discovered the bay of the Columbia San Juan Capistrano mission founded 190 190 23 DATE 1778. Cook explored the North Pacific and Bering's Strait. 1781. Los Angeles founded (first southern pueblo). 1782. San Buenaventura mission founded 1783. The Northwest Company established. Russian colonies established in Alaska 1784. American trade with China inaugurated 1786. Purisima mission founded Santa Barbara mission founded. 1788. American Northwest fur trade began with the Orient Meares extensively explored the North Pacific PAGE 31 195 196 56 374 35 78 197 197 35 The Spaniards and Dish contested the pos- 1790. Nootka Convention concluded between Spain. 1792. Gray discovered Columbia River 1793. Mackenzie reached the Pacific from Lake Athabasca. 1794. Great Britain and Spain abandoned right of exclusive control of Nootka Sound 1799. The first American trading ship (the Eliza) Russian-American Fur Company established 1803. The Lewis and Clark expedition left Pittsburg 82 87 36 57 88 210 375 50 |