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(f) Minimum Surfaced Runway Width. The minimum width of surfaced runways shall be 150 feet (45 meters), except those runways that are to be used for instrument landing, which shall have a minimum width of 200 feet (60 meters).

(g) Minimum Number of Surfaced Runways. Surfaced runways shall be provided in sufficient numbers to permit landings being made within 30° of "into the wind", for winds in excess of 10 miles (16 kilometers) per hour, 80 percent of the time at Class C land airports and 90 percent of the time at Classes A and B land airports.

(h) Air Density Corrections. At land airports located above sea level the runway lengths stated herein shall be increased by one fourth of the elevation above sea level measured in the same units as used for runway length. Alternatively the runway length shall be increased by one sixth of the elevation above sea level measured as before and this increased length further corrected in accordance with physical laws for the temperature conditions prevailing at the site.

4. Water Airports

(a) Types of Water Airports. For uniformity in classification, water airports covered by this Annex shall be divided into three classes:

CLASS A-Transoceanic. Water airports having cleared straight channels maintained not less than 4 miles (6.4 kilometers) long and 15 feet (4.5 meters) deep at mean low water level, safely accommodating seaplanes and amphibians having a gross weight of 200,000 pounds (90,000 kilograms). Turning basins at least 1,000 feet (300 meters) in diameter and 15 feet (4.5 meters) deep at mean low water level shall be provided at each end of each operating channel.

CLASS B-Transcontinental. Water airports having cleared straight channels maintained not less than 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) long and 10 feet (3 meters) deep at mean low water level, safely accommodating seaplanes and amphibians having a gross weight of 100,000 pounds (45,000 kilograms). Turning basins at least 1,000 feet (300 meters) in diameter and 10 feet (3 meters) deep at mean low water level shall be provided at each end of each operating channel.

CLASS C-Interstate. Water airports having cleared straight channels maintained not less than 2 miles (3.2 kilometers) long and 6 feet (1.8 meters) deep at mean low water level safely accommodating seaplanes and amphibians having a gross weight of 40,000 pounds (18,000 kilograms).

(b) Facilities. Facilities provided at water airports shall be equal to those provided at land airports, except that certain facilities shall be modified at water airports as required for use by seaplanes and amphibians and as required hereinafter.

(c) Clearing. Obstructions on or in the vicinity of the water airport shall be removed or marked in the same manner as prescribed for land airports. Where an area restricted for the use of seaplanes only cannot be reasonably obtained, arrangements shall be made to use existing marine lights and markers.

(d) Minimum Channel Width. The minimum channel width at mean low water level shall be maintained at 1,000 feet (300 meters) for Class A water airports, at 750 feet (225 meters) for Class B water airports, and at 500 feet (150 meters) for Class C water airports.

(e) Minimum Number of Channels. Channels shall be provided in sufficient numbers to permit landings being made within 30° of "into the wind", for winds in excess of 10 miles (16 kilometers) per hour, 90 percent of the time at Classes A and B water airports, and 80 percent of the time at Class C water airports.

5. Airfields

(a) Types of Airfields. For uniformity in classification, airfields covered by this Annex shall be divided into three classes:

Military Airfields. Those landing areas maintained for exclusive military use, not open to the public except in emergencies, and having no facilities available to the public.

Intermediate Airfields. Those landing areas, in the vicinity of airways, open to public and military use but having no facilities for handling passengers or cargo, or for sheltering, servicing, or repairing aircraft.

Private Airfields. Those landing areas maintained for the exclusive use of a private individual or enterprise, not open to the public or to the military forces except in emergencies, and having no facilities available for public or military use.

(b) Size. There are no size limitations on airfields, except that prescribed in (c) below.

(c) Minimum Landing Strip Width. The minimum landing strip width on all classes of airfields shall be 500 feet (150 meters).

SECTION IV

Ground Aids to Contact Flight

6. General. The aids to contact flight include day marking devices furnishing visible information and points of reference for use during daylight, and luminous devices furnishing visible information and points of reference for use during darkness. Instrument flight aids may also be used for air navigation under contact flight conditions.

7. Day Marking Devices. Day marking devices include distinctive signs for indicating geographical features and furnishing geographical information, distinctive shapes for marking boundaries and for indicating meteorological, landing and take-off information, and distinctive flags marking hazards.

(a) Signs. Signs shall be legible, during periods of good visibility, from a height of at least 3,000 feet (900 meters). Signs shall be divided into two classes, those used for identification of position on an airway and those used on landing areas for runway marking.

(1) Identification Signs. Identification signs shall be placed on every airway beacon site and landing area and at such intermediate points along the airways and commonly used air routes as may be necessary for determination of aircraft position with reasonable exactness. Every city and town may be marked.

a. Form.

Each marker shall carry the name of the nearest town, the latitude and longitude of the sign, a true North marker, and, if space permits, an arrow pointing toward the nearest airport having paved runways. The latitude and longitude will

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each be expressed as one number without spacing or dimensional marking, the first one to three digits expressing the degrees and the last two digits expressing the minutes. The true North marker shall separate the latitude and longitude designations;

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20'

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NUMERALS AND LETTERS

FIGURE 1

the latitude shall always appear on the west side of the North marker and the longitude on the east side. The shaft of the airport indicating arrow shall enclose the name of the airport and the head shall point to a number indicating the distance in miles to that airport.

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