COMMERCE.

FISHERIES.

XXIII.

[Compiled from the official returns of the Census of 1840.]
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS OF THE CHIEF CITIES.

Locks and Canals-machinery, railroad cars, and engines. Merrimac - prints and sheetings, No. 22 to 40. Hamilton-prints, sheetings, &c. No. 14 to 40. Appleton-sheetings and shirtings, No. 14. Lowellcarpets, rugs, and negro cloth. Middlesex-broadcloths and cassimeres. Suffolk-drillings, No. 14. Tremont - sheetings and shirtings, No. 14. Lawrence-printing cloths, sheetings, &c. 14 to 30. Boott-drillings, 14, shirtings, 40, printing cloth, 40. Massachusetts-sheetings, 13, shirtings, 14, drillings, 14.

(a) Two shops, smithy, and furnace. (b) And print works. (c) Cotton and carpet mill in one building. (d) And two dye-houses. (e) Besides those for wool. (f) Besides 74 carpet-looms. (g) For broadcloth, and 122 for cassimeres. (h) 1,225 tons of wrought and cast-iron per annum. (1) And 2,500 yards of carpeting, and 150 rugs. (j) Of cassimere, besides 1,500 of broadcloth. (k) 100,000 pounds of wool per annum, and 3,000,000 teasels. (m) And 4,000 of olive oil. (n) And 12,000 of lard oil. (0) And 15,000 bushels of charcoal, and 200 chaldrons of smith's coal.

Diameter of water
wheel.

Length of
wheel.

water

How warmed.

Number of Looms.

Males employed.

Females em-
ployed.

Yards made per

week.

Yards of cloth per annum, 70,275, 400. Pounds of cotton consumed, per annum, 22,568,000. Assuming one half to be Upland, and one half New Orleans and Alabama, the number of bales, of 361 pounds each, will be 56.910. A pound of cotton averages 3 1-5 yards of cloth. 100 pounds of cotton will produce 89 pounds of cloth. Average wages of females, clear of board, per week, $1 75. Average wages of males, clear of board, per day, 70 cents. Medium product of a loom, yards per day, on No. 14 yarn, 41 to 45. Medium product of a loom, yards per day, on No. 30 yarn,

30.

Average product per spindle, 1 1-10. Pounds of starch per annum, 800,000. Flour for starch in mills, printworks, &c. 4,000 barrels per annum. Bushels of charcoal per annum, 600,000. The locks and canals machine shop can furnish machinery complete for a mill of 5,000 spindles in 4 months. When building mills, they employ, directly and indirectly, from 1000 to 1200 hands.

To the above principal establishments may be added the "Lowell Water-Proofing," connected with the Middlesex Manufacturing Company; the extensive Powder Mills of O. M. Whipple, Esq.; the Lowell Bleachery, with a capital of $50,000; a flannel-mill, blanket-mill, battingmill, paper-mill, card and whip-factory, planing-machine, reed-machine, foundry, grist, and saw-mills; together employing about 500 hands, and a capital of $500,000.

Cities.

XXV. FINANCES OF CITY GOVERNMENTS.
Communicated by Henry Barnard Esq., of Hartford, Ct.

XXVI. COMPARATIVE VIEWS OF THE POPULATION.

From the want of room in the Almanac for 1843, the publication of several of the tables, exhibiting Comparative Views of the Population of the United States at different periods, computed for this work by Edward T. Tayloe, Esq., of Virginia, was necessarily deferred to another year. They are now inserted, and being taken in connexion with those which were published last year, will be found to contain a very succinct, but full and satisfactory view of the growth of population in this country at all the decennial periods since the formation of the constitution.

a From Compendium of the 6th Census, prepared at Department of State, 1841. b Mass. 378,717)

White, 373,254.

Maine, 96.540) 475,257. These formed one State till 1820.

* Mass. and Maine were separated, and Maine admitted into the Union, in 1820.