THIRD SERIES. No. 14-VOL. IX.] BALTIMORE, December 1, 1827. [VOL. XXXIII. WHOLE No. 846

THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES & SON AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE

There is no doubt but that both houses of congress will form a quorum on Monday next-to make room for expected documents and proceedings, we have disposed of a large quantity of miscellaneous matter in the present sheet.

ly once;-but for eight or ten years have entertained the belief just stated, though Mr. Coleman speaks authoritatively on the subject, and says that "the difference be tween the amount exported and imported is the profit which has accrued by the intercourse. This may, or may not, be the case-and just as easily one way as the other. It is worth while to illustrate this by one or two familiar examples.

But if the teas thus acquired be shipped from New York, coastwise or for a foreign port, and lost at sea, there is an actual loss of the amount or value that had been placed upon them at their first arrival in the United States.

In distributing the address on behalf of the Harrisburg Convention, the discretion of the chairman of the committee has been zealously exerted to give such If a ship fitted at Stonington and departing without eardirection of the surplus copies as he thought would be go, after being absent two or three years on a sealing and most useful-and the pamphlet, being read in many parts trading voyage, arrives at New York with a cargo of teas of the country, is in greater demand than can be generally from Canton-the value of such teas is a clear gain, or satisfied the extent, and consequent cost of it, having profit, on labor and capital employed, save the cost of much exceeded any calculation made upon the subject. Aarticles laid in for the subsistence and supply of the adsufficiency is retained, however, for a supply of the mem- venturous mariners. bers of several legislative bodies about to assemble, and a few remain for general distribution. The chairman of the committee has no other suggestion to offer than this-that if any person or persons are disposed to print a new edition of the pamphlet, he will cheerfully furnish a corrected copy for the purpose. He had no view to pecuniary profit in the work performed, and is only desirous that whatever good there is in it should be widely spread among all the people. There is a lively demand for it in the south; and it is stated that the facts set forth have had much effect upon many who have examined them. A confidence is felt that the principles contended for cannot be overthrown-being generally built upon practical results, and published with the frankness and sincerity of an undoubted belief in their truth.

The volume of this pamphlet is large-but it is not seen what might be left out of a new edition without some loss of information. It may be proper to remark, however, that very many pages of the work are more intended for reference than reading, or especially for the use of such as might not be acquainted with the nature of the facts advanced--hence the precision and extent of the details-particularly in the statistics, which, notwithstanding the severe labor expended in collecting them, require but a small portion of the reader's time to discover the whole bearing of them: and a hope is entertained, founded upon an extensive correspondence, that these things will have a beneficial operation upon the public judgment.

Still, the value created and received, and that exported and lost, would be the same and one amount world stand opposite the other in a sheet made out to shew the balance of trade," and the transaction would seem to be settled without loss or gain-yet there must exist an actual and real loss of the labor expended and capital employed in obtaining the teas--and individuals and the country would suffer according to the value of both.

If Mr. Coleman has any rules by which to exemplify his opinions about the "balance of trade," we shall, indeed, be obliged to him for them-for we have thought much upon the subject, and for years endeavored to obtain instruction from others, without the hope of success, In special cases, balances of trade may be easily shown--but in the general business of commercial nations, and the various transportations of their commodities to and from one another, there are so many things to be considered, so many allowances to be made, and so much of opinion to enter into the subject, that we deem it impossible to state it with any degree of accuracy or reasonable approach to truth. This, however, we think may be accepted as a general rule, that there is a distressing balance of trade between nations whose business with one another is not established on reciprocal principles. Yet it may be that, from various causes, reciprocity cannot be allowed. England would be ruined by accepting the

It

N. Y. EVENING POST. Mr. Coleman has made a rejoinder to our remarks-but offers no other than his opi-agricultural products of France, though France agreed to nions; we shall not accept these in opposition to what receive an equal amount of British manufactures--hence restrictive laws, and the one only partially receives the we esteem well established and incontrovertible facts. Mr. Coleman, however, gives us to understand that he products of the other. This state of things grows out of the difference in the public requisitions, and cost of labor has read the pamphlet-we have the "honor" to held a different opinion, and the rightfulness of it is at hand. and subsistence in the two countries, forbidding "free Mr. C. says, "In 1826 the total exports amounted to trade," and compelling a resort, on the part of England, seventy-seven millions, and imports to eighty-four mil-o artificial means for the preservation of her powerlions in round numbers. Now according to Mr. Niles which means are naturally resisted by other nations. calculation, the balance of trade is against us seven mil-may safely be said, we apprehend, that one half of the lions." Will the gentleman tell us in what page of the value of the cloths imported into the United States from pamphlet this matter is so stated by us? Mr. Coleman Great Britain, is directly derived from agricultural proomitted the word "apparent in his reading, and skipped duction-wool to make the cloth and food to subsist the over the four lines inserted for the express purpose of manufacturers; and it is thus that we import many mil lions worth of the agricultural products of Great Britain, shewing how this "apparent balance" might or might not and pay for her wheat at not less than two dollars per have any reality in it. bushel, though she will not receive one bushel of our own, if offered at one dollar. What sort of a “balance of

We cannot suppose that Mr. C. designedly made this mistake-but we protest against such readings of our re-trade" is here, Mr. Coleman? marks. Questions of the deepest interest to the people are at stake-persons may rightfully differ on thein and it is useful to discuss them, fairness being observed.— With that-and truth on our side, we do not fear to grapple even with the "field marshal" in argument.

ALMOST PROPHECY! In looking over the 31st vol. of the Register, page 181, dated Nov. 11, 1826, we noticed an extract from the Richmond Enquirer," apprehending In the general business of commerce and navigation, it that the reveune would be two or three millious short in will require more wisdom than both of us possess to shew consequence of decreased importatious "by the operation what is the "balance of trade;" and "calculations" to as- of the present tariff." Well-the receipts of 1826 were certain it, would be more difficult than any which mathe-three millions greater than 1825, and six and an half milmaticians have yet accomplished. We thought different- lions more than 1824, the year in which the tariff law was YOL. XXXIN!--No. 14.

1

passed; and of a larger amount than in any year since rican goods made out of American cotton, and of better the wild importations of 1816 and 1817. quality!

Since the preceeding was written, we have received THE WOLLENS BILL. Gov. Burton, in his message to a copy of the message of the governor of S. Carolina to the the legislature, in reference to the opposition to the wool- legislature of that state, just commenced its session. We lens bill in South Carolina, recommends that "North deplore the seeming injustice that extensively prevails Carolina should not be silent;" and gov. Troup* in his as to the protecting principle. We intend to publish farewell message to the legislature of Georgia, suggests gov. Taylor's message, and in our next paper, unless exa remonstrance against the protecting principle general-cluded by the quantity of matter received from Washly, and a correspondence with other states, as if with aington, in the president's message and other documents view to bring about a non-consumption agreement.

of a more general nature. Gov. Taylor speaks in very Unless we are greatly mistaken, indeed, and we have severe terms of the "Harrisburg convention"-and says zealously endeavored to ascertain truth from practical “all this overwhelming body of influence, these newly operations, the opposition to the woollens bill cannot be "created allied powers, their bills and claims in their founded upon correct principles. It has been conclusive-"hands, proceed to petition congress. As well might we ly shewn in this work, that every protected article of "call Cromwell's army, with their fixed bayonets, a home manufacture has decreased in price, through the band of humble petitioners to the parliament of England, domestic competition-nay, even that negro-cloths and "and say that the order of their leader was nothing more cotton-bagging have not at all been affected by the duties than an humble petition to the members of that body, levied upon them by the tariff of 1824. We have steadi-"that they would graciously condescend to offer themly maintained, that the chief effect of the woollens bill, ["selves to be kicked out of the parliament house." Conproposed at the last session, would have been to secure ventions have often been held in many of the states to the actual payment of the duties imposed, and not in- accomplish local purposes-and conventions are held in crease the amount of them; and firmly believe that this many, and on both sides, to effect the election of a preis the plain and honest truth of the whole matter. In addi-sident of the United States--but have they deserved such tion to what we have said on this subject, we have the reprehension or ever before received it? And, if gov. pleasure to offer the following statement from a valuable | Taylor will refer to the 19th vol. of this work, page 257, pamphlet just published at Charleston, S. C. being an he will find that just such a convention as that held at appeal to the judgment of the people of that state. Harrisburg in July last, was held at Philadelphia in Nov. Cost of importing plains, (negro-cloths), under the 1820, of which William Bayard, of New York, was pretariff of 1824, and the bill reported at the last session of sident, and that the proceedings of both were precisely of the same character, with these exceptions

congress

100 do. do.

100 do. do.

Under the present tariff law of 1824. 100 yds. Welch plains, 31 inchs. wide, cost 16d. do. 32 do. do. do. 33 do. do.

18d.
20d.

Charges including commission for purchase, say 5 per cent.

Duty 33 per cent. on $116-being the value taken at the custom house, with the addition of 10 per cent.

Cost,

£6 13 4
7 10 0

1. That of the "merchants and others," was held quietly, if not privately-that of the farmers and manufac turers, "and others," openly and in broad day-light. 2. That the merchants and others petitioned against the protection of domestic industry, and that the farmers £22 10 0 and manufacturers petitioned in favor of it.

8 68

1 26 £23 12 6

$105 00

38 67

$143 67

Tariff proposed at the last session of congress. Same goods imported under the square yard

Duty 334 per cent. on 260 square yds. valu

duty, cost,

ed at 44 cents per yard,

$105 00

39 16

$144 16

And how many petitions have been preferred by selfcreated bodies called "chambers of commerce?" Is aught lawful to the merchant, and treasonable in the FARMER? It seems that there is a privileged class-if so, it is time that all should fully understand it, that cultivators of their own soil, with their own hands, may not be denounced for acts which importers and venders of British calicoes and cloths may do with impunity-that conventions may be held for any other purpose than that of devising and recommending measures whereby the "laborers in the earth" may have cause to rejoice in the fatness of their fields-and of these, practical farmers, was a majority of the Harrisburg convention composed.]

IRON. In the vicinity of Portsmouth, Ohio, there are nine blast furnaces, and six forges. The Ohio iron is said to be of the best quality, and the ore is "exhaustI would merely remark, that in the opinion of our im-less." Each furnace employs about 50 men, besides five porters of Britch woollene, the average price 18d. is the or six strong teams, and will make from 5 to 700 tons of most saleable, and pays the best profit. metal a year. What a valuable market do these works make for the neighboring fainers?

[The difference in the cost of three hundred yards of negro-cloths, the duties being honestly paid in both cases, is in the sum of forty-nine cents-or less than the sixth part of one cent per yard; being, on a suit of clothes for a negro, requiring six yards, one cent-or, if 12 yards be required for each slave per annum, in the amount of two cents a year and for fifty slaves one dollar.

As to cotton cloths-a non-consumption agreement would amount to less than this little! The people will not pay 15 cents for a yard of British goods made out of East India cotton, instead of 10 cents for a yard of Ame

*Gov. Troup says "I recommend to you to address yourselves to the states having common interest with yourselves, and to suggest the expediency of concurring in a non-consumption agreement to be carried into effect by all the means which are constitutionally given to their respective legislatures."

"DEATHS DOINGS." We have to record a notice of the decease of another eminent jurist-To Emmett of N. York, we have to add the venerable and the good St. George Tucker, of Virginia, who died at Warminster on the 10th instant, aged about 77 years. He was a soldier of the revolution, a field officer of the Virginia militia at the battle of Guildford, where he was wounded-a judge of the highest courts in his own state, a professor in the university of William and Mary, and well known for his notes on Blackstone; an earnest and devoted whig and a generous friend, a patron of merit and father to the orphan, fast in his friendships and easily intreated, though firm in his resolutions; an accomplished scholar and a scrupulously honest and upright man. He died calmly, imploring blessings on those round about him-affording an example in his life and death precious to those who love virtue.

A pretty distinct proposition this, to set aside the constitution. The power to "regulate commerce among Also, on the 18th inst. at Raleigh, N. C. John Haythe several states" is specially given to congress-scc.wood, for 41 years treasurer of the state-accurate, faith7, art. 3. The famous Hartford convention went not ful and accommodating, and much beloved. For some further than this recommendation would lead, in oppo-years past, he was affectionately known by the appellation sition to the principle of the laws of the land. of "our good old treasurer, says the Raleigh Register;

REGISTER OF DEBATES. Messrs. Gales and Seaton have published the second volume, (what a volume!) of congressional debates-being those of the 1st session of the 19th congress-1825-6. It makes nearly sixteen hundred pages, of about the same size and containing nearly the same quantity of matter as those of this work-price eight dollars, stitched in a paper cover. It may be conveniently divided into two volumes for binding, and each ANTHRACITE COAL. Complete success has attended cer-will yet be very large. The debates have extended to tain experiments made for using this coal in generating steam. The New York and Schuylkill coal company have just put into operation a twelve horse power engine at the Peacock Mount Carbon mines. The fires are ignited with great ease, burn steadily, and generate steam with great rapidity and regularity. It is also found that the screenings-the refuse coal, answers this purpose quite as well as the best coal sent to market.

MISSISSIPPI. It is loudly complained that droves of slaves, "negroes and vagabonds" from the jails and penitentiaries of Maryland and Virginia, are introduced into this state. The Natchez "Ariel" speaks of gangs of an DOMESTIC GOODS. A committee of the Boston com- hundred of them being for sale at a time. There is no doubt mon council state, that the gross amount of three semi-but that the very worst of our colored population has annual sales of domestic manufactures held under the long been passing to the south-west-a good riddance, direction of the New England society for the encourage-perhaps, to us; but not, we should suppose, a valuable ment of manufactures and the mechanic arts, is $965,000, acquisition in a quarter of our country so much overloaded with slaves.

of the United States hotel in Pearl street, one of the once in an hundred years), than that the office of vice pre"most extensive establishments in the city, and an indivi-sident should remain-what it has been since the amenddual who is not named. Previous to committing the for- ment. The vice president, in the preferences of the gery, they broke open the store of the Messrs. Howlands, electors, should really be the second-best man in the nataking a cancelled check and check book, by which they tion. made the accurate imitations, both of signature and filling up. The person not named, did the writing, and Ware was to have presented the check. He went to the bank for that purpose; but his heart failed him, and he returned without effecting it. Redmond then took it, went to the bank, with a bank-book under his arm, and got the money.

Soon after the forgery, Redmond was arrested, having been identified by the cashier as the individual who received the money, but was discharged and issued his card stating that he had commenced a suit for heavy damages. He has, however, been since committed, not being able to find bail. Ware, though a young man, is an old tenant of the state prison.

There are, we believe, 102 counties in Virginia-and delegates have been appointed from about 90 of them to the Richmond convention. It is supposed that delegates will be sent from every county.

The N. Y. National Advocate classes the members of

the legislature as follows Adams" 55, "Jackson" 46, doubtful 27; and says that in six out of the eight senatorial districts, the "Jackson candidates" have prevailed.

A great "democratic" meeting was held on the 9th inst. in Fayette county, Pennsylvania. The following 'resolutions are selected as shewing the views of the two parties present on the occasion.

Resolved, That we are fully impressed with the necessity of giving full and efficient protection to the manufacCAUTION. All persons not critically acquainted with turing and agricultural interests of the country which are the twenty dollar bills of the Bank of the United States, depressed and suffering under foreign competition, and are advised not to receive them, at present, of strange that congress ought, at its next session, to lay additional and of no other person without indorsation, or the adop-duties on foreign wool, glass, iron, spirits, hemp and pa tion of some other means by which their receipt may be per, to take effect immediately and not prospectively. authenticated. The counterfeits that are in circulation are exceedingly well done, and have deceived many who ought to be good judges. They are of the offices.

SNELSON, the individual whom we stated a few weeks since had robbed the bank of Virginia of upwards of $40,000, has left the U. States for Europe. He was pursued as far as Quebec, where he had taken passage for Liverpool. Measures have been adopted for apprehending and bringing him to the bar of his country, for this outrage against the laws of honor and honesty.

Resolved, That Andrew Jackson is entitled to our support as the decided and open friend to domestic manufactures and internal improvements: having voted, whilst lately a member of the senate, for the tariff of 1821, which is now the only law on the subject, and FIVE times in favor of internal improvements in the same year, and in NO case against them; whilst John Quincy Adams, when a member of the same body, voted SEVEN times AGAINST internal improvements and NEVER ONCE for them, and who has never, before or since he became president, said one word to congress in favor of the tariff.

The following were offered by Mr. Todd as a substitute for the preceding, (and others,) but rejected by a vote of 256 to 160

Resolved, That we approve of the measures of the present administration of the United States, particularly those calculated to protect American industry, and to promote internal improvements, as well calculated to perpetuate our union, and to make us truly independent.

MARYLAND PENITENTIARY. We have the report of the grand jury of the city of Baltimore, on the state of this establishment. It awards much praise to the keeper, Mr. Owens, and the other officers; which, no doubt, is well deserved-though we apprehend that the system is wrong. Our penitentiary is rather an asylum, than a place of punishment, to many wretched persons; and too much regard is apparently had to make a profit out of them. Many unfortunate, thoughtless, or improvident Resolved, That the people of Pennsylvania are inindividuals are really bettered in their condition, except finitely more interested in the success of the "American in the loss of their liberty-and the cold deliberately cal- System," than in making any particular individual preculating knaves, or villains, are rather restrained than re-sident, and, therefore, we will vote for no man for that imformed or deterred from future wrongs on society, by portant station who is not in practice and profession a repunishment really inflicted. publican and avowedly in favor of giving increased proThere are 262 males and 35 females at present confin-tection to American manufactures and of perpetuating ed in this establishment-181 in weaving, warping, quiling and dyeing. The rest in various employments-only 6 sick or invalid. The profits for the year ending Nov. 1825, amounted to $12,347 21, 1826, $12,843 28; and of the present year to about 20,000 dollars. The grand jury suggest the separation of youths from the adults, both day and night-which we heartily wish may be effected.

ELECTIONS AND ELECTIONEERING. Neither party to the presidency appears to have approached any degree of unanimity as to the vice presidcy. The secretaries of state and of war, governors Shulze and Morrow, and judge Rochester, and, perhaps others uot recollected, have been spoken of by some of the friends of the adminis tration; and Mr. Calhoun, gov. Clinton and Crawford, by others of the friends of gen. Jackson. Neither of these distinguished names, on either side, seems to have been used otherwise than as by individuals, and without concert. We hear rumors of difficulties on the subject--but suppose that neither party has yet thought much upon the matter.

our union by means of internal improvements.

Resolved, That we will not rashly or inconsiderately desert men known to be with us, and pledge ourselves in favor of men whose friendship to the great measures in which we are so much interested is doubtful.

Resolved, That we believe much information on the policy of the opposition and the probable course that will be pursued by the adminis ration of gen. Jackson, should his party succeed, will be afforded by the next session of congress, and, therefore, we think it permature for any one at this early day to pledge himself in favor of his election.

The New York "Statesman" lately had the following paragraphs. The first before the election and the sccend more recently. They are mystical-especially the

last.

"There is no coalition between gov. Clinton and Mr. Van Buren-nor the shadow of one. The former ands one-modern degeneracy has not reached him,”

A Pennsylvania paper states that Mr. Van oren will be a candidate for vice president. The political af

fairs of the nation have been settled for the next ten or It seems to us that the vice presidency has been exceed-fifteen years; and woe betide the editor who ventures ingly reduced from the honorable station in which the disturb the arrangements. framers of the constitution designed to place it, by the amendment to that instrument; which, actuated more by feeling than judgment, we approved of when made-but have long doubted the expediency of. It is better, we think, to meet the possibility of a case like that which once occurred, (which might always be avoided by concert, and, without it, could hardly happen more than

Meetings friendly to the administration are holding in North Carolina, and said to be numerously att nded. It is doubtful which party has succeeded in the Kentucky congressional district made vacant by the decease of Mr. Young.

A convention is to be held at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on the 4th of January, to nominate an electoral

ticket favorable to the present administration, and it is stated that nearly every county will be represented. The convention to form a "Jackson ticket" will meet at the same place on the 8th, and be as numerously attended. The Jackson electoral ticket" of Georgia consists of gen. Daniel Newman, gen. John Stewart, gen. Henry Mitchell, col. John Burnett, col. John Cunningham, maj. William Pentcost, maj. John Hatcher, and Benjarain Leigh and Peter Miller, esquires.

running a few days before, and that 15,000 had been caught at five drafts, with one seine, at Grosse island. – More care in the curing of them is earnestly recommended.

COMMISSIONERS FOR CONNECTICUT. An act of the late legislature of Connecticut anthorises the appointment of commissioners for each state in the union, to take the proof and acknowledgement of all deeds, mort[It appears that gen. Newman, late sec retary of state, gages, &c. referring to lands in the state of Connecticut; with the late treasurer and several other officers, were also, all instruments under seal to be used in said state. displaced by the legislature, on close ballots-from 2 to The commissioner is further empowered to administer 8 of a majority out of about 200 votes. Mr. Crawford, oaths, take depositions to be read in all the courts of Conlate secretary of the treasury, appointed a judge by gov. necticut, to examine witnesses under commissions eniaTroup, had been unsuccessfully opposed, and now, it is nating from courts in said state, &c. The acknowledgesaid, that as the “Jackson members did not vote for him," ments taken before the commissioners are declared as these changes have taken place. We know not the valid as if taken before a judge of the supreme court of meaning of these things. They rest upon the local par- the United States. These appointments will afford ties which have so long and so ardently divided the peo-great facility to men of business, and have been long ple of Georgia. The "Statesman" speaks of gen. New-wanted. inan, as "grey with industrious age, and infirm with the toils and decrepitudes of war."]

BILLS OF EXCHANGE. We learn from the New York American, that the senate of that state have concurred with the assembly in the reduction of damages on foreign bills of exchange to 10 per cent. and on motion of Mr. Stebbins, the rate of damages on bills drawn upon auy person residing in the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsy luania, Ohio, Delaware, Maryland or Virginia, or in the district of Columbia, was reduced into cases of protest or non payment, from 5 to 3 per cent.; and in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky or Tennessee, from 73 to 5 per cent. In the remaining states of the United States, and in the West Indies, Canadas, &c. the rate of damages remains at 10 per cent. as now fixed by law. A motion to reduce the rate of interest from 7 to 6 per cent. was lost.

[It is much to be regretted that the damages on bills of exchange have not been regulated by some act of the national legislature, that they might be uniform-and, of course, have equal bearing on the people of the United States. We wish that enough of constitutional power may be found in a matter of such "general welfare."]

-

ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Gen. Ashley has had a third return of furs from the Rocky Mountains, more valuable than either that preceded it, probably worth 60 or $70,000. The party which conducted it arrived on Sunday the 15th inst. having safely escaped all the perils and casualties to which their extensive operations were subject. The greatest of all these dangers arise from the Black Feet and other Indians, who are instigated to roi and murder our people by the British traders, who have almost exclusive possession of our territories at and beyond the Rocky Mountains, and who carry of annually an immense wealth. Gen. Ashley, in his first expedi tion in the year 1825, fell in with one of these British parties, which had fur in its possession to the value of $200,000. The number of men employed by the British in our territories is computed at about one thousand, and their annual depredations upon us, perhaps, about a million of dollars in money, besides exciting the Indians against us. [Missouri paper,

POOR DEBTORS. The New York "Courier" in an article exhorting the attention of the humane and charitable to the consideration of the poor debtors, which a berbarous policy has consigned to the prison of that city, says-We learn that from January, 1826, to November, 1827, FARMING. Though Mr. Coke, of Norfolk, in Eng-nineteen hundred and seventy-two persons have been imJand, has long been known as one of the most successful agriculturists in the world, we were not aware that his estates in the hands of tenants, and managed according to his directions and system of husbandry, had been so productive as appears in the following extract of the address of John Lowell, esq. president of the Massachusetts agricultural society, delivered at the late cattle show at Brighton.

prisoned in the debtors jail: in some instances they have been immured and torn from their families, for as small a sum as two or three dollars, without either fuel, food, or bed, except a quart of soup each twenty-four hours, from the huniane society, whereas, the criminal in Bridewell receives three meals a day, a bed and oftentimes clothing.

Verily the base and wretched have meted out to them "Mr. Coke, of Norfolk, whose name ought to be fami- comparative comfort, when compared with the lot of liar with every American as well as British farmer, in- the poor and unfortunate; and, to the disgrace of our herited some 35 years since, a great landed estate in Nor-country, the laws and usages of many states present an folk, the whole rental of which was only £2,000, or anomaly of convicted felons surrounded by plenty, while $8,800 a year; being an active and intelligent man, he hunger, nakedness and despair are the inmates of the introduced the Tullian husbandry, which consists in fre- debtors prison, who, deprived of an opportunity of conquent rotations of crops, and in sowing in drills; in short, tribut. g t the support of wives, mothers, chililven and in a more spirited use of the plough and other improved sisters, involve them in one cominon ruin. instruments. In the lifetime of this one man, and he is still alive, by the plough alone, and by adopting proper successions of plants, he has raised his rental from $8,800 to $200,000 a year; in other words, increased the value of his estate 24 times. No speculations in banks, no mining discoveries-no, not even Potosi, in its virgin state, when silver was found upon the surface, can show such an appreciation of property as has been produced by skill, enlightened skill, applied to the surface.

ELEGANT COMPLIMENT. It may not be perhaps known that Stephen Elliot, esq. who is to be the editor of the proposed Southern Review, is a corresponding member of the royal society of agriculture and botany, at Ghent, This institution has annual exhibitions of flowers and plants, either newly discovered or distinguished by their rarity or usefulness. It is customary, too, to compliment distinguished men of different countries, by dedicating to them particular flowers. Thus, amongst a list of royal and noble characters, we find the following tribute to American talents: To Henry Clay, the Kalmia Glauca and Kemellia Juponica; to John Quincy Adams, the Aletromeria Ligtu and the Frica ignescens; to Albert Gallatin, the Peilica Capitala and the Crytressus Porpilreas; to the memory of Mr. Bayard, a Cypress. A classical and affectionate epitaph also marks the respect the THE WHITE FISH. The Detroit Gazette of the 30th society bore to this virtuous man, who lived "sans peur, ult. mentions that these delicious fish had commenced I sans reproche,”

Yet all this has been effected by tenants, not owners of the soil, but under lease for 21 years subject to the hazards of a refusal to renew the lease, by a less enlightened heir. These are facts not to be disputed, and they prove that agriculture in the short space of one man's life, has undergone improvements of which antiquity has no conception."

{Raleigh Register.