After some additional remarks, Mr. Randolph concluded by moving that the standing rules and orders of the house be referred to a select committee, which motion vas agreed to. Mr. Buchanan, after a brief explanation, submitted to the house a paper containing an amendment to the bill for the preservation and repair of the Cumberland road; which was ordered to be printed, and will be taken into consideration when that bill comes before the house. Mr. Smyth, of Va. gave notice that on Monday next he would call up the resolution he had laid on the table, respecting an amendment of the constitution. reply to Mr. Storrs, when he yielded to a motion of Mr. Hamilton, that the committee rise. The committee of the whole rose accordingly, reported progress, and asked leave to sit again. Mr. Randolph hoped that leave would be refused, and the bill would be re-committed to the committee of claims. The question being put on granting leave to sit again it was decided in the negative-Ayes, 69-Noes, 77. Mr. Randolph now moved to discharge the committee of the whole from the further consideration of the bill, and to recommit it to the committee of claims. Mr. M Duffie opposed the re-commitment, being desir us that the house should now pass upon the bill; whereupon, Mr. Tuesday, Jan. 15. The following committees have Randolph divided his motion; and, the question being tabeen appointed, in the house of representatives, in addi-ken on discharging the committee, it passed in the affirmation to those which have been heretofore reported: tive. So the committee of the whole was discharged On continuing the act concerning the mint--Messrs.from the farther consideration of this bill. The question Sergeant, Oakley, Mitchell, of South Carolma, Green, then recurring on its re-commitment to the committee of Davenport, of Ohio. cl ims, Adjourned. On the inquiry into the expediency of carrying into effict the intentions of the continental congress relating to "bounty lands to officers and soldiers of the revolutionary war-Messrs. Miner, Maynard, Van Horne, Bassett, Markell, Carson, Yancey. Mr. Randolph advocated the re-commitmenti a s'art speech. It was opposed by Mr. Hamilton, who pressed for an immediate decision. Mr. Randolph teron withdrew the motion to re-com nit, but that motion was immediately renewed by Mr. Whittlesey, who desir to On the rules and orders of the house--Messrs. Ran-have some of the facts of the case, and especially the imdolph, Barbour, Taylor, Ingham, Oakley, Kerr, and Wilde. pressment of the slave, more fully established by evidence. Mr. Hamilton insisted in his opposition to the Mr. Strong, from the committee on the territories, re-commitment, when Mr. Gurley sent to the clerk's tawhich was instructed to inquire into the expediency of ble, to be read, certain affidavits in relation to the impressforming a new territorial government, for the country ment, but, before they were read, on motion of Mr. Hamlying between lakes Michigan and Superior, and the Mis-ilton, the house adjourned, at past 4 o'clock. sissippi river, and north of the state of Illinois, reported "a bill for establishing the territorial government of Huron;” which was twice read, and committed to the comnittee of the whole on the state of the union. Mr. Taylor moved to refer the bill from the senate, to cancel a certain bond therein mentioned, (case of Mr. Wilde), to the same committee of the whole house to which was referred a bill of a similar tenor and title, reported to this house by the committee on the judiciary. Agreed to. WEDNESDAY'S PROCEEDINGS. In the senate, no business of importance was transacted, it being chiefly occupied in discussing the bill'abolishing imprisonment for debt. The hose, after the transaction of the usual preparatory business, resumed the consderation of the resolution offered by Mr. Sloane on the 11th inst. It caused an animated discussion and being amended, was adopted as follow without a division. “Resolved, That the secretary of war be directed to A message was received from the president, transmit-furnish this house with a copy of the proceedings of a ting a report from the secretary of state in obedience to court martial, which commenced its sittings at or near a resolution of the house of representatives of the 2d inst. Mobile, on the fifth day of December, one thousand requesting him “to inform that house, if it be not incom- eight hundred and fourteen, for the trial of certain Tenpatible with the public interest, whether any representa-nessee inilitiamen, together with a copy of all the orders tion or arrangement, to or with the Mexican government, for the organization of said court, as well as those subsehas been made, so as to enable citizens of the Unitedquent issued in relation to its decisions. States to recover debts and property belonging to them from persons absconding from the United States, and taking refuge within the limits of that government; and whether any steps have been taken to establish the Doundary of the United States between the state of Louisiana and the province of Texas." day of May, one thousand eight hundred and fourteen And afterwards placed under the immediate command of lieutenant colonel Philip Pitkin; also, copies of such order, and of the muster and pay rolls of said militiamen, which may be on file in the department of war. "And, is, to furnish copies of all papers letters and documents, relating to sai i court martial; copies of all orders, general or special, made or issued by the presi dent of the United States, or by the secretary of war concerning or relating to the length of service of the detachment of the Tennessee militia, detailed under the orThe report states that no such representation or arder of the governor of said state, issued on the twentieth rangement as the above resolution describes has been aade; and that the minister of the United States at Mexico, when he was sent on his mission, was charged with a negotiation relating to the territorial boundary between that republic and the United States in its whole extent; and, consequently, including that portion which "And to furnish copies of any orders of the president divides Louisiana from the province of Texas; but no or secretary of war, by which, in the exercise of the disdefinitive arrangement on that subject has been yet con-cretion vested in the president by the 8th section of the cluded; and it is respectfully submitted to the president act of 18th April, 1814, the term of service of the Tenthat, in the present stage of the negotiation, it would be nessee militia may have been extended beyond three premature to publish the correspondence that has passed months; also, copies of two letters from the secretary ef between the two governments. war to gov. Blount, dated the 11th and 13th January, 1824. A large number of resolutions were now disposed of, when On motion of Mr. Livingston, the house then went again into committee of the whole, Mr. Condict in the chair, on the bill for the relief of Marigny D'Auterive, and the amendment moved by Mr. Gurley being under consideration, (which goes to allow payment for the time of a slave employed in the public service during the attack on New Orleans, and for hospital charges after he was wounded), a debate of great interest and animation arose, in which the amendment was advocated by Mr. P. P. Barbour, Mr. Archer, Mr. Mitchell, of South Carolina, and Mr. M'Doffie, and opposed by Mr. Storrs; some explanations, also, having been made by Mr. Randolph. Mr. Drayton obtained the floor, and was proceeding to | "And, also, to furnish copies of any correspondence in the war department between the president or secreta. ry of war, and the governor of Tennesse, during the late war, on the subject of the time which the drafted militis of said state should be required to serve in the armies of the United States." The other proceedings had this day, will be brought up in our journal. THURSDAY'S PROCEEDINGS, The senate was chiefly engaged in discussing the bil to abolish imprisonment for debt. The house of representatives, was occupied with some of the appropriation bills-particulars hereafter Nothing important decided upon in either house. SUPPLEMENTARY TO No. 31, VOL. IX, THIRD SERIES. THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. edited and published by H. NILES & SON at $5 per annUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. In order to dispose of the great mass of articles which press upon us, we have issued this sheet as supplementary to our last number-thus giving an assurance that no efforts are spared to present our readers with matter interesting for the present, and useful for future reference. Here are 100,000 dollars worth of our "ruinously" pro- THE PUBLIC DEBT. By reference to page 287, it will be seen that the public debt of the United States has a present nominal amount of $68,913,541; or, deducting the subscription to the stock of the bank, seven millions, THE POLICY OF VIRGINIA. A very respectable genonly sixty-two millions-and again deducting the three tleman from the lower part of the "Ancient Dominion," per cents, the extinguishment of which is not contem-called upon us a few days ago, to be put into the way of plated, except at some remote period, no more than forty obtaining information relating to certain branches of donine millions-a considerable part of which bears an in-mestic manufacture, which he contemplated the establish terest of 4 and 5 per cent. The 6 per cents, will, no ment of-to make a home-market for himself and his neigh doubt, either be speedily paid, or exchanged for stocks bors. He was, of course, attended to, and introduced to bearing a lower rate of interest, and the whole is reduc-practical men, that, his objects might be accomplished. ing as rapidly as can be desired. cently purchased 400 acres of land, a part of which was Among other things he said--that he and another had re very good, located within two miles of tide water, and having a handsome water-power, at 150 cents per acre-or 600 dollars for the whole,-which was not the cost of some late improvements made upon the tract; and which, not long since, sold for fifteen dollars per acre. We are not of those who regard a public debt as a public blessing," for the reasons urged in England. The fove of a republican government should be based upon the "peace, liberty and safety" of the people, not the profits of fund-holders. Still, there are reasons, we think, why we should rather be willing to reduce the amount of the taxes levied upon certain articles needful to our comfort, which the soil, climate or industry of our people cannot supply,than be anxious to reduce the debt to a less sum than 50 millious-or, at any rate to hasten its extinguishment more rapidly than it is paying off under the present able administration of the treasury department, and the ample means afforded. This was, three or four years ago, a favorite opinion with some-they would then have had the surplus appropriated to internal improvements, as being more profitable to the people than the payment of their public debt. Whether this is, or is not, the best way of managing the matter, we are not prepared to say-a reduction of the taxes, perhaps, would be preferable. But we adhere to our belief, that a debt of fifty millions cannot be regarded as onerous on the United States, if otherwise benefitted in the use of its amount. It is a great convenience for aged persons and orphans, and, to a considerable extent, supplies a wholesome and safe circulating medium-an item which the statesman will never cease to see the necessity' and benefit of, as auxiliary to the internal and external trade of his country. Money is plenty in the United States, but employment for it is exceedingly wanted; and hence. there is a great apparent scarcity among dealing men, as well as working people: in the latter because of the deficiency of business, or the smallness of the prices of their productions such as wheat and other grain, wool and manufactures. "LET US ALONE!" The following is a beautiful commentary on the maxims of his majesty, king "Let-usalone." The brig Ganges sailed from Baltimore a few days ago with a cargo consisting of eight hundred bales of domestic goods, chiefly of Baltimore manufacture, worth about one hundred thousand dollars. Now, at least two thirds of this value has passed into the hands of the farmers and planters of the United States, for the subsistence of labor and the materials used. We count the latter as passing into the general profit of our country as much as the former; for if the domestic cotton manufacture had not been built up by the protection afforded, the material for such goods, for the supply of South America, would have been of East India product. How do such things laugh at the prophecies of Mr. Cambreleng, and his calculations about the enormous ad"ances that, he said, would follow the protection of doestic manufactures of cotton! verily, verily, this single use has more of argument in it than all the books he ver made, and is worth the whole "Boston renert!" VOL. XXXIII---No. 23. THE BANK OF THE U. S. has declared a dividend of January 9th, 1828. At an election held by the stock Matthew L. Bevan, John Potter,tof South Carolina. And at a meeting on the evening of the 8th inst. of the RANK IN THE NAVY. Mr. Barney of the house of representatives, offered a resolution which was agreed to That the committee on naval affairs be instructed to inquire into the expediency of establishing higher rank in the naval service. This is a subject about which we have long felt considerable interest. It seems to be settled that squadrons shall be supported in various parts of the world for the defence of our trade, &c. and we think that our offi eers, having of necessity much intercourse with foreign ones, should not be out-ranked by persons of really in ferior grades, in regard to the extent and force of their command, long service and hard-earned reputation.-This might be avoided almost without au addition to the cost of our navy-would increase the zeal of our officers, and add to their respect abroad, much being attached to names in many parts of the world, and do away the present indiscriminate use of the word "commodore"-~ which has become so general as to have lost all meaning; being bestowed as well upon a junior master-comand ant, as the oldest captain in the service. ་ i THE DELAWARE. This splendid and beautiful ship, fully equipped, which was lying off Annapolis several days, in order to give members of congress and others, an opportunity of examining her construction and force, sailed for Hampton Roads on the morning of the 20th instant. She was last week visited by the secretary of the navy, the governor of Maryland, and many other distinguished and honored persons, much to the satisfaction of all, and the courtesy of her officers to visiters, generally, is loudly applauded. We ourselves, have not had leisure to give up a day to the sight of this ship-but on the testin ony of others, we have no doubt, when the day of peril comes, she will uphold the reputation gained by the gallant little state whose name, she bears, in "the times that tried men's souls." A party returning from the shup, dined on board the steam boat Patuxent-among the toasts offered was the following By Charles Buonaparte.-The memory of Fultonwhose genius permits us to drink our toasts at the rate of ten miles an hour. The reverend Mr. Baker performed divine service on board of the Delaware on the 13th instant, and having intimated that the church to which he was attached was in want of funds, a subscription was opened, and In thirty minutes the sum of seven hundred dollars was subscribed and paid to him. A correspondent of the National Intelligencer furnishes the following note of the dimensions of this fine ship, which are also said to be those of the North Carolina. "From the end of jib-of-jib-boom to the end of ringtail boom, 379 feet. Height, from keel to the top of poop deck, 53 feet; from keel to moon-sail mast head, 253 feet; breadth of beam, from outside to outside, 55 feet; number of guns, 96-of heavy calibre. The force of this class of ships is but little more than half that of the Pennsylvania, now building in Philadelphia." A SPECTACLE. A man was lately hung at Cooper's Town, N. Y. for murder; and though it rained in torrents, the village was crowded with men, women and children, "to see the sight." A stage for the accommodation of spectators was erected, upon and immediately under which there were six hundred tender-hearted and kindi people collected to behold the delicate spectacle, male and female; at the very interesting moment, when every one was anxious to see the rope fixed round the neck of the culprit, perhaps some with a view to future profit on such occasions, the stage gave way with a tremendous crash, and the highest and lowest order of lookers-on were mixed pell-mell together, heads and tails, with shrieks and groans and fearful noises. It luckily happened, that only two persons were killed; but 20 or 30 others were wounded-some of them severely. We regret this capital punishment of a cruel curiosity, but would have been willing that many more had been injured enough to keep this execution in remembrance all the days of their lives-the women especially. We think that a prudent young man would be nearly as safe in selecting a wife in a brothel, as to take to his bosom one fond of seeing such sights. It exhibits a resoluteness in cruelty that should be punished by the contempt of the other sex, and the curse of barrenness, that the breed may not be increased. NEW YORK CANAL REVENUE. The amount of toll collected on the Erie and Champlain canals, for the past year, amounts to $859,058 48. The amount collected in 1820, was $762,093 60; shewing an increase of $97,054 88.The aggregate of 1827 is $9,000 more than the estimate of the commissioners of the canal board, and $11,000 less than that of the canal commissioners. NORTH CAROLINA. We are cheered with the increasing spirit shewn in this state in favor of internal improvements, and to encourage the establishment of cotton and woollen manufactures, and the growth of wool within the state. A bill to drain the Mattamusskeet lake passed the house of commons, 62 to 57-and Mr. Fisher, from the select committee, has made a valuable report in favor of the manufacturing system, which we hope will be spread throughout the state, that its general prin ciples may be considered by the people. The great natural advantages of North Carolina have often been allo-! ded to by us, and we heartily rejoice at whatever holds out a prospect of using them for the "general welfare." With the growth of manufactures, causing the rapid eir culation of much money, will cease the present rickety state of the banks, and rather render North Carolina's creditor than a debtor state, in her domestic and foreign exchanges. North Carolina continues the appropriation made by the act of 1815, of $600 a year, for the education of capt. Blakely's daughter-the fate of her gallant-father and his brave crew is yet unknown. No one seems to have been left to tell the tale. The oldest son of the equally gallant Forsyth, is also educated as a child of the state. GEORGIA. The resolutions granting to the Darien bank the privilege of redeeming her notes in the treas ry, by instalments of $150,000 a year, to which the governor dissented, were passed in both branches of the legislature of Georgia, by the constitutional majority of two-thirds. On the question of removing judge Moses Fort from office, by an address to the governor, as recommended by the committee, (on a charge of habitual intemperance, and consequent ineapacity for the duties of his office). the vote in the house of representatives was-yeas 80. nays 36; in the senate, yeas 39, nays 27. So that there was a constitutional majority of the house, but not of the senate for his removal. THE CHEROKEES. We have a copy of the "Constitu tion of the Cherokee nation, made and established at: general convention of delegates, 'duly authorized for the purpose, at New Echota, July 26, 1827," which we have laid aside for insertion at full length, when room can be allowed for it. Its general outlines are very much like those of the United States-the legislative, executive and judicial powers being defined, and separated as with us. John Ross was president of the convention, which consisted of 21 delegates, all but nine of which appear able to write, and the whole, except three, bave Christian and surnames. FLOUR. The exports of flour from the port of Phils delphia to foreign markets for the last thirteen years, ending on the 31st of December, were as follows: Years. 1815 Barrels. | Years. Barrels. 141,512 Making a difference in favor of 1827, over 1820, of 25,958 barrels.-Phila. Price Current. [In the years 1824, 1825 and 1826, Philadelphia etported to foreign places 535,039 bbls. of flour but B timore, in the same years, exported to such places 687,250 barrels. The latter city is, decidedly, the greatest market for flour and domestic distilled spirits in America.] A review of the Philadelphia market, says-The following report of the inspection of 1827, has enabled us to estimate the quantity of flour consumed in this city: Wheat flour, bbls. SS1,749 half bbls. 66 29,537 20,422 30,756 6,161 The consumption of the city is estimated at 3,000 bbls per week, making 156,000 per annum. It is also esti mated, that one half of the consumption is taken without inspection, which, added to the amount inspected, the total receipts for the year 1827, would be 428,517 barrels of which, there have been exported to foreign ports 184,476 barrels; 88,031 coastwise, and the balance consumed. A PROFITABLE DAIRY. The Rutland, (Vt.) Herald, says-The following proceeds from 25 cows the last season, we have from the owner, Mr. Jonathan Dyer, of 11820, only 550 tons were received. It is passing into ge Clarendon. Such enterprize is worthy of imitation. $570 60 neral use, and has become a valuable article in the internal trade, subsisting many persons, and employing many vessels. Some parcels have been shipped south-even to Richmond! It is thought that the price would be yet much reduced, as the business extends. Such is the effect of competition in the coal trade, as in every other pursuit. Mr. Dyer further assures us, that the whey and butter milk amply paid for making, and all contingent exFAST AND WEST. The following account of "stock" penses. The cows had no extra keeping, but were doubt-which passed Evans' hotel, 10 miles west of Cumberless well attended to. land, Maryland, during the year 1827, with its value, has been politely transmitted to us: RESTORATION. A late Wilmington, (Del.) paper says "A letter, without date or signature, post marked Philadelphia, eleventh of January, has been received at the bank of Wilmington and Brandywine, enclosing three hundred dollars without any further explanation or direction than the following: "This money belongs to the bank of Wilmington and Brandy wine-the principal and interest in full." BRITISH FINANCES. It appears by a statement in the London Sun, that the actual revenue of Great Britain for the year ending on the 10th October last, was almost £47,000,000, and that of Ireland 4,000,000,-to which being added certain transfers, the whole revenue, for account, is made up at £55,250,000. In like manner, the expenditure is given at 60,000,000-including 5,700,000 appropriated to the sinking fund. It is suggested that, in the present state of the world, the army and navy cannot be materially reduced. MANUFACTURES. The following resolutions passed the house of representatives of Massachusetts--150 to 94. Resolved, As a sense of this house, that the continued and increasing depression of the woollen manufactures and of the agricultural interest in this commonwealth, and the country generally, calls for the interposition of the legislature of the nation. Horses 2,131 Negroes 535 $160,500 The "stock" of human beings, having souls to be saved, though their drivers may have none, are generally chained together in gangs of 20 or 50, guarded by four or five dealers in men and women. These poor creatures are often among the worst of the unfortunate class, and are sent south-west to keep up the mass of fulminat |ing matter." TAXATION. In the French provincial paper we have the following account of the expenses, per head, of differ ent nations: Francs. In Russia the state taxes on each individual are 7 per år. Naples,.. .....11 12 16 21 .28 33 .CO Resolved, That a judicious revision of the existing tariff, in such manner as not essentially or injuriously to affeet any of the other important public interests of the country, or to jeopardize established systems of policy, Shall we, therefore, prefer the government of Russia? is required by a just and liberal regard to all the branch-sks the Frenchman. No; for if cheapness were the es of American industry, as well as by the failure of test, Ferdinand is still elcaper, and if we wish to go measures heretofore adopted with this view. farther, we should drink “Long life to sultan MahLondon paper. Resolved, That this house regards with great satisfac-moud!" tion the course already taken by those who represent this commonwealth in congress, in reference to this subject, and that we rely with great confidence upon their continued efforts to accomplish what a sense of justice and a regard to the interests of the whole community shall require in the premises. These resolutions were much opposed, because they lid not go far enough. As Mr. Shaw, of Lanesborough, said, they were only the "under breathings of the house." [Why not go to sultan Mahmoud, if the doctrine of our anti-tari fites is correct? Why not live where one can live the cheapest, as buy where we can buy the cheapest? Certainly we ought-if our own affairs are to be managed by a money-metre-pounds and pence or dollars and cents.] A SNUG BIRTH. Dr. Sumner, bisltop of Landaff, has been lately translated to the bishoprick of Winchester, in England-a round bellied and rosy-cheeked place, AFRICAN COLONIZATION. The auxiliary society in N. worth £20,000, or nearly 90,000 dollars a year, and sendCarolina, is a very zealous and respectable. Col. Wil-ing ten thousand persons to the poor house, that the liam Polk is its president. We cannot see why this pro-bishop u.ay roll in the fat things of "the church," and ject is now opposed by those who were its chief and ori-preach two or three sermons a year. ginal promoters, when its prospects of success are cheering, to assist in relieving us of a population which certain states expel and others are unwilling to receive. HIGH WATERS. The Ohio, within the present month, at several points, has been from 24 to 30 feet above low water mark, and the Susquehannah 13 feet. What volumes of water do these mighty rivers discharge, when thus swelled! TONNAGE. The value of goods imported at Boston in American and foreign vessels, for three quarters of the last year, stood as $3,948,177 to 37,992--or more than 100 to 1, in favor of American tonnage. CHEROKEE LANDS IN GEORGIA. A long report on the subject of these lands has been made to the legislature of Georgia, and the committee recommended the adoption of the following resolutions. The spirit of them is in exact contormity with previous proceedings in that state. But we have no comments to offer upon it. same "Resolved, That the United States, in failing to procure the lands in controversy, "as early as the could be done upon "penerabile" and "reasonable terms," have palpably violated their contract with Georgia, and are now bound, at all hazards, and without regard to terms procure sald huds for the use of Georgia. “Rearlved, That the policy which has been pursued THE COAL TRADE. About 60,000 tons of Lehigh and by the United States towards the Cherokee Indians, has Schuylkill coal have been brought to Philadelphia du- not been in good faith towards Georgia; and that as all ring the last season-of which nearly 23,000 tons were the difficulties which now exist to an extinguishment of shipped to New York, Providence, Boston, &c. In the the Indian title, have resulted alone from the acts and popreceding year the aggregate was 47,5 15 tons. The ton is Jicy of the United States, it would be unjust and dishotegarded as equal to 25 bushels, of 80 lbs. each. In Inorable in them to take shelter behind those difficulties. > 1 1 "Resolved, That all the lands appropriated and un-ing to Philadelphia the advantages of her geographical appropriated, which lie within the conventional limits of position in relation to the interior of our state, and of Georgia, belong to her absolutely; that the title is in her; the westeren country generally, a position which will that the Indians are tenants at her will, and that she may, make her the commercial capital of that country. at any time she pleases determine that tenancy by tak- Early in the last summer, the whole canal was coning possession of the premises-And that Georgia has sidered in a state of completion, and preparations were the right to extend her authority, and to coerce obedi-making to fill the entire line with water, when unfortnence to them from all descriptions of people, be they white, red or black, who may reside within her limits. "Resolved, That Georgia entertains for the general government so high a regard, and is so solicitous to do no act that can disturb the public tranquility, that she will not attempt to enforce her rights by violence, until all other means of redress fail. nately, after the passage of the first boat, the steam en- close of the season. Every other part of the canal, in- "Resolved, That to avoid the catastrophe which none The steam-engine, as well as the great water wheel would more sincerely deplore than ourselves, we make with the pumps, are now in perfect order, and, before this solemn this final-this last appeal to the president the opening of the springs, a second water wheel, and a of the United States, that he take such steps as are usual, second steam-engine, will be in readiness, for the purpose and as he may deem expedient and proper for the pur-of rendering more certain, at all times, an abundant suppose of, and preparatory to the holding of a treaty with ply of water. the Cherokee Indians, the object of which shall be, the The board, taking into consideration the limestone estinguishment of their title to all or any part of the soil, through which the summit is constructed, and the Jands now in their possession, within the limits of Geor-immense advantage which will result from preventing gia. all filtration or soakage, have, with the advice of Canvass "Resolved, That if such treaty be held, the president White, esq. their engineer, nearly completed the plank be respectfully requested to instruct the commissioners ing of the sides and bottom of the entire summit, and it to lay a copy of this report before the Indians in conven-is beleived that the water may be admitted before the tion, with such comments as may be considered just and proper, upon the nature and extent of the Georgia title to the lands in controversy, and the probable consequences which will result from a continued refusal upon the part of the Indians to part with those lands. And that the commissioners be also instructed to grant, if they find it absolutely necessary, reserves of land in fayor of individual Indians or inhabitants of the nation, not to exceed one-sixth part of the territory to be acquired, the same to be subject to the future purchase by the eral government, for the use of Georgia, "Resolved, That his excellency the governor, be requested to forward a copy of the foregoing report and resolutions to the president of the United States, and one to our senators and representatives in congress, with a request that they use their best exertions to obtain the object therein expressed." gen UNION CANAL OF PENNSYLVANIA. ment It is with great satisfaction they can say, that the union canal, which is to form the great link of communication between the Susquehannah and Philadelphia, is now complete in all its parts, with the exception of planking on the summit, which will be finished in ten or fifteen days. Notwithstanding difficulties and embarrassments, which in the internal navigation of the United States are unprecedented, the board believe that the Union canal presents a work of improvement, which, for economy of expenditure, for beauty, solidity and adaptation to its purpose, will be found unequalled in our country. The board will refrain at the present time from a minuteness of detail, as from former reports, when the parts of the work were incomplete, a correct opinion may be formed of what has been done in relation to locks, dams, aqueducts, tuunelling, embankments, towing paths, bridges, waste weirs, culverts and excavations, It may moreover be said, that the picturesque country through which the canal flows, the judgment with which it is laid out, the taste and style of beauty with which it is constructed, and the rational curiosity which is felt to se a work so intimately connected with the prosperity of our state and its fine metropolis, have attracted many of the stockholders to the place of its location, where all the parts have been personally inspected. The board will procced to explain the reasons why it was impracticable to open an extensive trade during the past season, and why they now confidently predict the henetit of an uninterrupted navigation during the ensuing year, and thus accomplishing the most important step towards developing the riches of Pennsylvania and give As it is hoped the state canal will, before the close of the year, be navigable from Middletown to Harrisburg, efforts will be made to pass a boat through the whole extent of the Union canal to Middletown, and from thence Union canal boat at the seat of government, and thus re through the state canal to Harrisburg, so as to exhibit a move the prejudices which now exists in the minds of some, against the size and capacity of the boats. In relation to what are usualy denominated the narrow boats of the Union canal, the board will remark, that the science and experience of the world are now enlisted on the side of narrow boats, as adapted to carry an adequate quantity with greater facility and economy than large boats. Upon the Union canal ten men and ten boys with boats, and ten horses, will carry and bring back 250 tons, with less labor and less time, than can be done with boats which are usually denominated "wide boats," whatever may be their size. The boats which are constructed for the Union canal, and which for some time have been used upon the eastern and western sections, are found, by actual experience, to be able to carry at least 25 tons, and to be easily drawn by one horse, and passed through each lock in five or six minutes. The New York canal commissioners, in their official report to the legislature, say, that by constructing two sets of locks, they can pass 1,900,000 tons annually, and with single locks one-balt the quantity. Now let us suppose that the locks of the Union canal will pass eight boats an hour, of 25 tons each, or one every 73 minates; then it follows that 200 tons will pass every hour, or 4,800, tons in 24 hours. If then the canal is navigable but 250 days a year, 1,200,000 tons may be passed in a single year. It will be competent, as has been heretofore stated, to enlarge the capacity of the canal, by raising the banks and locks one foot; and boats of 40 tons each may theú navigate the canal with facility, or 1,920,000 tons may pass in a single year. The whole commerce of all the branches of the Susquehannah has been estimated al 200,000 tons, and the Pennsylvania canal commissioners say, in their report to the last legislature, that the total of the commerce which passes the mouth of the Juniata by water, from the north and west, of a kind to be ears ried on a cara! in preference to the river, is 125,000 tons, From the foregoing facts, the board and the public must be brought to the irresistible conclusion, that al though a liberal policy requires that no objection should be made to the accommodation of other districts of coun try, either with rail roads or canals, the Union canal will for many years to come, have the capacity of conveying t market the whole produce of all the branches of the Susquehanualu |