executed for the duke of Bridgewater. It is about 2,880 yards in length, and some parts cut out of the solid rock. The canal is 93 miles in length, and there are four other tunnels-131, 350, 573, and 1,241 yards. The London "Courier," on the treaty, says"Appended to the copy of the treaty above referred to, we find an additional and secret article. We can have no means of knowing whether this be or be not correct; for how can we suppose it possible that any thing so dis- The Worcester and Birmingham canal, of 29 miles in creditable can have been committed, as to have betrayed length, has five tunnels; one of 2,700 yards long, 18 teet the conditions of an article avowedly secret, and the prac-high, and 18 1-2 feet wide; and four others—110, 120 tical application of which is made to depend upon con- 400, and 500 yards long. tingencies which may never arise? If, however, it should prove that so gross a breach of confidence has taken place, we are satisfied it will lead to a strict inquiry in the proper quarter, that the party who has thus dishonorably abused his trust, may be visited with its appropriate consequences. The Leeds and Liverpool canal has two tunnels, one of which is 1,550 yards. The Leicestershire and Northampton canal has four tunnels, of 275, 880, 990, and 1,056 yards. The Leominster canal has two tunnels, of 1,250 and 3,850 yards. The Thames and Severn canal has one tunnel of 4,300 yards, or 2 miles and 3-8ths. The Chesterfield canal has two tunnels, one of which is 2,850 yards in length. The Crumford canal has one tunnel of 2,966 yards, and several smaller. The Dudley and Owen canal has three tunnels of 623, 2,926, and 3,776 yards, or about 4 miles. The Ellesmere canal has two tunnels, of 487 and 775 yards. BRITISH BREWERIES. A late London paper saysAccording to a recent parliamentary return, there were, on the 5th of April last, in Scotland and Wales, 1,772 brewers, 900 retail brewers, 12 intermediate brewers, and 65,733 licensed victuallers, of whom 23,197 brew their own beer. The number of barrels brewed in England, Scotland, and Wales, from the 5th January to the 5th of April, 1827, was-by public brewers 1,177,127 of strong beer, 254,495 of table; by licensed victuallers, 627,715 strong, and 134,614 table; and by intermediate brewers, 2,189,000; of this quantity, 561,907 barrels of The Hereford and Gloucester canal, of 35 1-2 miles. strong beer, and 68,464 barrels of table beer were brew-has three, of 440, 1,320, and 2,192 yards. ed in London, or within the limits of the chief office of excise. The number of bushels of malt used by brewers and victuallers in England, Scotland and Ireland, during the year ending April 25, 1827, was 22,851,615. The number of bushels of malt used in the distilleries in the same period, was 3,586,273 1-2, of which 2,322,564 1-2 were from Scotland. "FREAKS OF FORTUNE." Near Pontenovo, in the island of Corsica, lives a shepherdess, who successively refused the hands of Angereau and Bernadotte. The former was her suitor while he was a corporal, and the latter while a sergeant in Corsica. She little thought at the time, that she was refusing a marshal of France and a king of Sweden. The Edgebarton canal has four tunnels, of 100, 400, 500, and 2,700 yards. The old Birmingham canal has two tunnels, one of a mile and a quarter, the other 1,000 yards. The Grand Union canal has two tunnels, 1,165 and 1,524 yards. The Grand Junction canal has two tunnels, S,045 and 3,080 yards. The Oxford canal has two tunnels, one of them 1,18 yards. The Huddersfield canal, of only 19 1-2 miles long with a lockage of 770 feet, has a tunnel of three miles an 1,540 yards, through a rocky mountain. PERSIAN MAXIMS-from a work entitled "Sketche of Persia." The following admirable lines were inscribed upon golden erown having five sides, which was found in th tomb of Noosherwan. First side. "Consider the end before you begin, an before you advance provide a retreat. Give not unnecessary pain to any man, but study tl Ground not your dignity upon your power to hu others." Second side. "Take council before you commen any measure, and never trust its execution to the mexp rienced. Sacrifice your property for your life, and your life f your religion. FREE PEOPLE OF COLOR IN JAMAICA. In the British house of lords, June 29, lord Harrowby said, he had a petition to present to the house, which deserved attention, on account of the number of persons signing it, its nature, and the respectful language in which it was drawn. The petitioners represented nearly 30,000 persons, possessing property of not less than three millions sterling; and there were four individuals whose proper-happiness of all. ty amounted £700,000. They also possessed 50,000 slaves. The petitioners complained that they were precluded from every public office-could not sit in the assembly, and could not even hold the office of constable. Even in the attendance of divine worship there was a complete separation; the effect of their degradation had, however, been less than could be conceived, for in fifty years not more than four persons of color had been executed. The noble lord hoped that by some abler hand a bill might be introduced to relieve this respectable class of persons from this state of unmerited degradation. The petition was then read, and appeared to be from the free people of color in Jamaica, and prayed generally for relief. Lord Ellenborough observed, that he had presentMake not yourself the captive of women." ed a petition on this subject in the last session. He unFourth side. "Take not a wife from a bad family, a derstood that the lower class of these people were so much degraded, as to be precluded from the enjoyment seat not thyself with those who have no shame. of civil liberty. The difficulty would be to ascertain Keep thyself at a distance from those who are incor when the line should be drawn; it was clear that sonie-gible in bad habits, and hold no intercourse with that m thing ought to be done. The petition was laid on the table. Spend your time in establishing a good name, and you desire fortune, learn contentment." Third side. "Grieve not for that which is broke stolen, burnt or lost. Never give order in another man's house, accusto. yourself to eat your bread at your own table. who is insensible to kindness. Covert not the goods of others. Be guarded with monarchs, for they are like fi which blazeth but destroyeth. Be sensible to your own value, estimate justly t worth of others: and war not with those who are: above thee in fortune." Fifth side. "Fear kings, women and poets. Be envious of no man, and avoid being out of temp or thy life will pass in misery. Respect and protect the females of thy family. Be not the slave of anger; and in thy contests al wa leave open the door of conciliation. Never let your expenses exceed your income. Plant a young tree or you cannot expect to cut down an old one. Stretch your legs no farther than the size of your car*pet." A PALPABLE HIT. Extract of a letter from a Virginian to the editors of the National Intelligencer. "I happened to be in Richmond the day on which the pirates were hung, and in an attempt to attain their bodies, for galvanic experiments, &c. a very ludicrous evidence was given of the mania prevailing about state rights. Doctor of the spot the ship Blossom was to have touched, where he remained nine days, in consequence of a fog. He saw nothing which indicated an obstruction to the navigation; for as far as he could see at any time, an open sea was to be seen. One very singular circumstance was mentioned by him. In January last, when the thermometer was 54 degrees below zero, "the weather was more comfortable," than when it ascended to 12, for in the latter ease the clothing was burdensome. [N. Y. Com. Ad. [OFFICIAL] Department of state, 29th August, 1827. The following official notification of the blockade of Algiers, was made to the minister of the United States at Paris, on the 27th of June, last, and is now published by authority of this department: The baron de Damas, minister of foreign affairs of his most Christian majesty, to Mr. Brown, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the United States to France. [TRANSLATION.] who had prepared the galvanic battery, was unapprised that the act of congress, relative to criminals, authorized the court in certain cases to consign the bodies for dissection; he, of course, omitted to make the necessary application for the pirates. But, on the day of execution, finding that the marshal had no authority to permit the bodies to be taken from the gallows befre interment, the doctor was advised to apply to the governor for permission to take them. He concluded to do so, and, knowing that there was some difficulty in the case, deemed it advisable to approach his excellency delicately, and, if practicable, get him mounted on his hobby. To that end the doctor broached the subject of state rights of this month, the departure of a naval division, which SIR: I had the honor of announcing to you, on the 7th and suggested a doubt whether the authority of the federal the king had thought necessary to send to Algiers, in order court extended to the right of burying. The governor to demand satisfaction for the wrongs of which the dey caught at the idea, and, without hesitation, told the doctor had been guilty towards France. there was no doubt in his mind but that, without permis-having been made, the commandant of his majesty's squadThis reparation not sion of the state authority, the marshal, acting under theron, in conformity with his orders, effected the blockade suthority of the union, had no right to turn an inch of the of Algiers, which was to commence on the 13th of this soil; he therefore saw no difficulty in the doctor's taking possession of the bodies the moment they were cut from the gallows. This the doctor felt as sufficient authority, and proceeded to the place of execution." EMIGRANTS. From the Georgia Journal. It will be seen by the following extract of a letter from the American consul at Rotterdam to gov. Troup, that the services of Germans of honesty, sobriety and industry, can be had on good terms for any purposes of agriculture, manu factures, or internal improvement. Men of capital might make them useful and profitable in either of those departments of industry in different sections of our country, and their manners, habits and character qualifying them for free government. They and their posterity would become valuable members of our community, as they have proven themselves in other states of the union. month. I have the honor of informing you, sir, of this nication. Paris, 27th June, 1827. FOREIGN NEWS. GREAT BRITIAN AND IRELAND. of the spasmodic seizure.' The duke of Wellington is hissed by the populace, but was cheered at a review of the grenadier guards. The late arrangement of the British ministry was temporary-made up on the hurry of the occasion. The New Times gives the following as the complete arrangement. Sir Astley Cooper attended lord Liverpool professionUNITED STATES CONSULATE, 2 ally, on the 9th July, and coincided with the opinion for Rotterdam, 21st April, 1827. S merly expressed by his attending physicians, that his atSIR-I had the honor of addressing your excellency on tack was altogether of a spasmodic character. His lordthe 17th inst. inclosing therewith copies of letters receiv- ship had not been removed from the library, where he ed from a most respectable gentleman residing in the was first seized with illness. A bulletin of the 10th, kingdom of Wirtemburg, and expressive of the pre-stated that he was slowly recovering from the effects vailing distress raging amongst its subjects, and that in order to maintain tranquility, and the internal peace of the government, passports were readily granted them for their emigration to any foreign country, provided they make known their intention thereto in their respective districts-And as the German character is well known for industry, sobriety and honesty, thus I beg leave to recommend the subject to your excellency's notice and urther support, inasmuch as those who wish to go to Georgia, vill ultimately become settlers and ana. quiition to our state-Many of them, unfortunately, have not the means of paying their passage over to the United States. To any who would advance these they would engage their rvices and time, say for two years-The expenses of the Germans bound from this for any port in the United States, are estimated at about $40 per person, including their sea-stores. This amount was paid for all those, shipped last year for Baltimore. I have the honor to remain, your excellency's most respectful and obedient servant, E. WAMBERSIE. CAPT. FRANKLIN. A letter dated Montreal, Aug. 24, and published in the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser says"In my letter of Wednesday, I mentioned that the celebrated captain Franklin had arrived near the city. He came in at an early hour yesterday morning, and proeeeded immediately to the United States. He looks well, and I understand that he has generally enjoyed good health. It is stated that he travelled from Mackenzie's river to the ley Cape, and was within 250 miles His grace the duke of Portland resigns the office of privy seal, but retains his seat in the cabinet. There are several precedents for this proceeding. It will be suflicient to name a recent one; that of lord Sidmouth. Lord Carlisle leaves the woods and forests, and succeeds the duke of Portland as lord privy seal, Mr. Sturges Bourne succeeds lord Carlisle as first commissioner of woods and forests, keeping his seat in the cabinet. The Marquis of Lansdowne succeeds Mr. Sturges Bourne as secretary of state for the home department. Viscounts Dudley and Ward remain at the foreign office, and, consequently Mr. Canning continues first lord of the treasury and chancellor of the exchequer. Mr. Spring Rice, it is said, will replace Mr, Spencer Perceval as one of the under secretaries of state at the home office. There will be no immediate change in the vice regal government of Ireland. The marquis of Wellesley, is understood, remains at the castle till the end of the year, when, in all probability, he will be succeeded by the marquis of Anglesca. FRANCE. The fifty-first anniversary of the independence of the United States of America, was celebrated by the Amerieans now in Paris, on Wednesday, at the Cadran Blue, Boulevard du Temple. Mr. Barnet, the American consul at Paris, presided, assisted by Mr. Cooper as vice president. Among the guests present, were James Brown, minister of the United States at the court of France, gen. Lafayette and his son. The company to the number of 80 sat down to dinner at six o'clock. The American and French banners decorated the room. The Paris editors compare their situation to that of the Chinese who are audacious enough to intermeddle in the affairs of government-the latter are pretty sure of getting a sound beating for every breach of privilege, Sometimes to the extent of 200 blows; and the former are liable to a punishment little less terrible. Accounts from Marseilles state, that an attempt was made by the custom house of that place, to prevent the embarkation of train artillery, destined for the Greeks, upon which remonstrances were sent to Paris. By telegraphic orders returned, the armament was allowed to Le despatched. The Algerines have taken several French merchant ships. Several English officers at Gibraltar gave it as their opinion, that if the French squadron should attempt to take the Mole they would fail, inasmuch as it had been rendered almost impregnable since lord Exmouths' attack. TURKEY. who have not ceased to consider themselves and me as bound together by a patriotic tie." From the comments in the French papers upon this clection, we find that the opponent of La Fayette was a liberal-whom, desparing of obtaming any support for one of their own party, the ministry had induced to stand. We have received from a correspondent, a curious document as to the details of the election. We annex a translation of it. [From the Journal du Commerce of July 1.] The dissolution of the national guards was an epoch: the election of M. de La Fayette is another. We will not say that the citizens have taken their revenge in the latter circumstance because M. de La Fayette is not one of those men who would be alone chosen to bully or threaten the administration. The constant moderation and the disinterestedness of the illustrious deputy, his public life so invariable, his private life so pure, assures to him at all times the suffrages of such electors as are neither corrupted by the administration, nor intimidated by their menaces. But we must say, that of all Frenchmen, it is he, the obliteration of whose name from the electoral list, the ministry have most at heart: because his name alone carries with it a declaration of war against all the passions and all the prejudices of the court, which the ministers are interested in managing. The name of M. de La Fayette, is in our opinion the most pure expression of whatever was good and laudable in the French revolution. His elecThe great powers have interfered between the Turks tion, then, is a solemn declaration in favor of the legitîand the poor Greeks-see a subsequent page; and an ar- mate principles of that revolution, which are those of ticle dated at Nuremberg, July 7, says "M. de Tatit- the charter-agamst the unworthy and disloyal interprescheff has addressed a peremptory note to M. Metter-tations given to it by the ministers within the last seven nich, informing him that a further delay, to the end of July, would be allowed the porte to receive its final answer, in consequence of new representations from the Austrian internuncio. But that if, at that time, the efforts before the divan should be unsuccessful, the Russian army should positively pass the Pruth. The French consular agent at Cisme (opposite the is land of Scio) with two Austrian and one Russian subject, were assailed in their respective houses, on the 26th May, seized and carried before the bashaw; by whose order they were put in Dumbrack, a horrid Turkish prison, and loaded with irons. The application of the Austrian vice consul was treated with contempt, in consequence of which he left the island for Smyrna. The ferocious barbarity of Ibrahim Pacha is well known. The following instance is one out of many that might be produced, if proof of it were wanting: In the course of May, about 400 Turks approached a small village named Candelos, whither a hundred Greek families had retired, conceiving themselves in safety. After a short resistance, finding that gunpowder failed them, the Greeks fled and found refuge in a small church. The priest, on seeing the barbarians approach, placed himself at the door with a crucifix in his hand. The Turks trampled underfoot the sacred symbol, massacred all the persons in the church, and cutting off the priest's nose and ears, sent him to Poros, to render an account of it to his brethren. RUSSIA. years. The success of the new deputy, olassed as he is in the ranks of the liberal opposition, cannot but exhibit the extreme disaffection of the citizens towards his competitor. May we not be permitted to hope, that such a choice will enlighten the sovereign in regard to the administration of his ministers? Can he be longer in error as to the true situation of the country? They have given, say they, a lesson to France in the dissolution of the National Guards of Paris: See, then, how the lesson has profitted the people; how France has been intimated! Great bodies cannot long remain stationary. When a backward movement is prevented, in their turn they must advance.The retrograde movement forced upon the population since 1820, has been stayed. A contrary movement has succeeded to it, which makes rapid inroads upon the feeble barriers that have been opposed to it. The evil counsellors of the throne have imagined that they were performing miracles in decimating the electoral population. By the Influence of frauds, of corruption and violences, they have brought together a majority entirely foreign to the sentiments of France, as well as entnely opposed to her interests. They have imagined that France is powerless, and that they might at their ease, found a new monarchy, having for its basis a congregation of church-wardens. These men have not doubted that a new generation would enter upon public life, overthrowing with the energy of their age, the principles and affections formed A letter of the 24th ult. from Odessa mentions, that under the happy influence of the government of the charpeace is about to be concluded between Persia and Rus-ter. This generation of young electors will be recruited sía, the former power ceding to the latter all the terri- each year. Their voices, which were stifled in 1824, at tory as far as the Araxes, including the fortress of Eri-length begin to be heard in the five electoral colleges: In van. The annual revenue of this tract of country, in silks one or two years they will predominate-they will have alone, is computed at fifty millions of francs. This in- silenced the feeble voice of the generation who would antelligence, whether true or false, created joy at Odessa, nihilate them. and decisive military engagements are said to have preceded the conclusion of peace. LA FAYETTE. The election of gen. Lafayette to the French chamber of deputies, is another tribute to the excellence and force of that distinguished individual's character. A letter from him of the 26th June, says: "I had resolved not to stir from my rural retirement, unless some emergency commanded the services of every patriot; but I have found myself diverted from my purpose by the death of a gentleman who had succeeded me the deputation from the arrondissement of Meaux; and by the kind and earnest application of the electors, This is the natural course of things. But it should be remembered that the administration has singularly reduc ed itself by its continual attacks upon the national sentiments. The septeniality which is announced with the intention to re-establish the reign of good pleasure, far from augmenting the degree of their power, has resuscitated former obstacles, in raising up defiance and in reviving jealousy of their supposed intentions. The septennial system is a menace against the nation. That menace will be powerless. But France will not forget it. In the dispute between the country and the ministry, the sovereign has been constantly respected. When the administration has served the interests of France-and it would be impossible that this should not sometimes happen-the public have done justice to the ministry, and have thanked the monarch, as from a sentiment to which they could not be strangers. But, when the views of the country are disregarded, insulted by the ministers, the citizens have accused the counsellors only of the prince, persuaded that he has been misled by them on every occasion in which he has refused to listen to the prayers of the people. Nevertheless we ought not to dissimulate that a long and permanent opposition on the part of the administration, to the sentiments of the nation, must insensibly weaken the pious and salutary faith in a political dogma -upon which the inviolability of the throne reposes. We comprehend the prudent slowness of power. Surrounded by ambitious rivals, it may be supposed that it might err, when it intends to act for the public service, and it hesitates long before it discharges unfaithful servants. Let us hope that hesitation on this point has arrived at its termination. It may be once more possible for an administration to co-operate with France. Who knows whether in two years such a change may not be possible? [N. Y. American. THE GREEKS. J.G. Eynard, agent for the Greeks in London, has published the following appeal for support to lord Cochrane and general Church. It gives perhaps, a more correct view of the present state of affairs in Greece than has hitherto been presented to the public. Under the date of the 25th of May, M. Gosse writes: "The efforts made to save Athens before the arrival of Kiutacki's reinforcements, and the disbursements for the equipment of the fleet have exhausted all our resources. Lord Cochrane displays talent, activity, genius, and a wonderful perseverance-what resources this extraordinary man possesses! Had the steam boats been with him, there would not now be a Turkish fleet in existence. The hope of Greece is in her navy. If means be placed at lord Cochrane's disposal, Greece may yet be saved. I send you the names of 18 Philhellenians whom Kiautacki ordered to be decapitated." M. Heideick writes from Poros, May 20: "The misfortunes of Athens are great. Thing's however are not desperate, if general Church and lord Cochrane be supplied with new resources. The Turks are in want of provisions, and if the vessels stationed off Negropont continue to cruise successfully, Kiutacki will be destroyed by famine. I send you by one of our officers the details of our expenses. You will see that, the supplies have been carefully distributed, but we want means to go on." In a letter dated may 15, M. Blaquiere writes: "Several friends of general Church promised that they would assist us as soon as they should be informed of his being appointed commander-in-chief of the army. This is the time for them to fulfil their promise." Afflicting as are these details, they prove that Greece London, July 11. The unfortunate affair of Athens is still exists, and may yet be saved, it means be afforded known to the world, and to give further details on that to the commanders who have devoted themselves to subject would now be useless. I have received long re- her defence. Those commanders are two Englishmen. ports from lord Cochrane, general Church, colonel Hei-Their courage, their perseverance, and the manner in deick and M. Gosse. The principal facts are true, but which they have devoted themselves to the cause, entitle parts have been exaggerated. The following statement them to the aid of their friends and countrymen. Fresh is correct: supplies of every kind, in provisions, ammunition, and "Killed on the field of battle, 700; prisoners 240, in-money, have been forwarded to the commissioners in aid cluding 18 Philhellenians of different countries. Kiutacki, of the unfortunate Greeks. The funds of the several supposing that lord Cochrane and general Church were European committees have served to procure these last among the Europeans, had the prisoners brought before supplies, but they are completely exhausted; and it is him, and, after carefully examining them, made the 18 now indispensably necessary that the two gallant English Europeans be poniarded before his eyes, and ordered the commanders who are exposing their lives in this great 222 Greeks to be afterwards massacred. The clemency cause should be promptly supported, and furnished by of Kiutacki, on the taking of Athens, was forced upon the generosity of their countrymen with a part of the him by the presence of the English and French ships of means necessary for the execution of their plans. Never war. His clemency is the artifice of the tiger." I was there a moment when the support of Greece was The expedition for the relief of Athens has exhausted a more important. Her destiny occupies the attention of great part of the funds remitted by European beneficence, the European powers. Fleets are about to be put in moand has once more disorganized the Greeks. In conse- tion to prevent her entire destruction; but in order that quence of the want of resources, part of the troops dis-this protection should be useful, it is necessary that the persed, but Kiutacki could not pursue them. His army is suffering from famine. The communications by which he might obtain provisions are cut off, and the reduction of Athens will not re-open them. Ibrahim has resumed his excursions; but he also suffers from want, and provisions cannot reach him while the Greek vessels continue to cruise on the coast. Lord Cochrane has got ready 15 brigs, 6 galliots, and 5 fire ships; but he is in want of money to pay the seamen. He writes to me as follows, under date of the 28th of May, from on board his frigate in sight of Navarin. existence of Greece should be preserved, and that the Turks should be prevented from availing themselves of the terror caused by the disasters of Athens, to finish the work of blood which they have commenced. The Greek cause has been rendered unpopular in England by many circumstances, to which I do not choose to advert, but which are well known in London. This, however, is the moment when what has passed should be forgotten, and when succour should, without delay, be afforded to still possesses three principal fortresses, viz: Napoli di a nation borne down by every kind of misfortune. Greece "I am here watching the Turkish fleet in the port of Romania, Napoli di Malvoisia, and Corinth. All the is Navarin. It consists of 14 frigates, from 30 to 40 cor- lands are still in the power of the Greeks-Hydra, Spezvettes, and several small vessels. With a single frigate Izia, Poros, Salamini, Egina, &c., and the fortress of Gracannot destroy them, and our Greek sailors are not yet tionza, in Candia. This, then, I repeat, is the moment to sufficiently disciplined to attempt any decisive blow, Isuccour the unfortunate Greek nation. have ordered a small flotilla to be fitted out; but if I have not the means of paying it, what is to be done? I have not changed my opinion as to the means of destroying the Turkish fleet, and if I receive the steam vessels which I have so long looked for, I shall yet keep my promise with you. If I am supplied with funds to pay the flotilla which I am about to have, I shall attempt every thing possible to be done with such slender, means." General Church writes: "The affair of Athens has been disastrous for Greece: but there is no reason to despair if we have resources for paying the troops. The dispersed soldiers will hasten to return as soon as they are furnished with the means of subsistence. The army of Kiutacki is in a destitute state, and cannot pursue the Greeks in their mountains. If we had funds, the mischief would still be repaired." Several friends of lord Cochrane and general Church have offered to contribute to a general subscription in fa vor of the Greeks, on condition that the funds shall be exclusively applied to the support of the land and sea forces under the direction of those commanders. I feel assured that Englishmen will not fail to support their countrymen in such a cause. I therefore invite the friends of the two illustrious commanders to open two subscriptions-one destined to support the operations under lord Cochrane, the other those under general Church. But, as, to be useful, the amount of the subscriptions must be considerable, and as it would be unjust that some zealous individuals should uselessly sacrifice their funds, I propose that the subscriptions shall not be binding until each list amounts to at least £1,500 or £2,000. I subscribe for each list £150. J. G. EYNARD. THE GREEKS AND TURKS. The London Courier of the 12th July, in commenting upon the terms of the treaty of the allied powers in relation to Greece, remarks: १ made, at the same time, to the two contending parties, demand of an immediate armistice between them, as a preliminary condition indispensable to the opening of any negotiation. Should the porte refuse to accept the armistice which Art. II. The arrangement to be proposed to the Otis to be in the first instance proposed, or should the toman porte shall rest on the following bases: the Greeks object to it, it is to be announced to that one of Greeks shall hold of the sultan, as of a superior lord; the contending parties who shall wish to continue hos-and in consequence of this superiority they shall pay to tilities, or to both, if necessary, that the allies intend to the Ottoman empire an annual tribute, (relief), the use all the means which circumstances may place at their amount of which shall be fixed once for all, by a common command, to obtain the effect of the proposed armistice, agreement. They shall be governed by the authorities by preventing as far as may be in their power, all colli-whom they shall themselves choose and nominate, but in sion between the belligerents, without however taking the nomination of whom the porte shall have a determiany part in their hostilities by siding with or against thenate voice. other. Thus if need be, to employ an efficient interven- To bring about a complete separation between the intion against the Turks and the Greeks, if both are obsti-dividuals of the two nations, and to prevent collisions nately bent on war. which are the inevitable consequence of so long a strugThe New Times of the 14th July remarks, "we re-gle, the Greeks shall enter upon possession of the Turkceived last night, by express, the Paris papers of Wednes-ish property situated either on the continent or in the day, with the Gazette de France of Thursday's date. isles of Greece, on the condition of indemnifying the From the latter we extract the following paragraphs, and former proprietors, either by the payment of an annual subjoin to them a few from the other journals. sum, to be added to the tribute which is to be paid to the porte or by some other transaction of the same Treaty for the settlement of Greece. nature. Art. III. The details of this arrangement, as well as the limits of the territory on the continent, and the designation of the islands of the Archipelago to which it shall be applicable, shall be settled in a subsequent negotiation between the high powers and the two contending parties. In the name of the most holy and undivided trinity. His majesty the king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, his majesty the king of France and Navarre, and his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, penetrated with the necessity of putting an end to the sanguinary contest, which, by delivering up the Greek provinces and the isles of the Archipelago to all the disorders of anarchy, produces daily fresh impediments to Art. IV. The contracting powers engage to follow the commerce of the European states, and gives occa-up the salutary work of the pacification of Greece on sion to piracies, which not only expose the subjects of the the bases laid down in the preceding articles, and to high contracting parties to considerable losses, but be-furnish without the least delay, their representatives at sides render necessary burdensome measures of protec- Constantinople with all the instructions which are netion and repression; his majesty the king of the United cessary for the execution of the treaty now signed. Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his majesty the king of France and Navarre, having beside received these arrangements any augmentation of territory, any Art. V. The contracting powers will not seck in on the part of the Greeks, a pressing request to inter-exclusive influence, or any commercial advantage for pose their mediation with the Ottomon porte, and being, their subjects, which the subjects of any other nation may as well as his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, animated by the desire of stopping the effusion of blood, not equally obtain. and of arresting the evils of all kinds which might arise from the continuance of such a state of things, have resolved to unite their efforts, and to regulate the operation thereof by a formal treaty, with the view of re-establishing peace between the contending parties by means of an arrangement which is called for as much by humanity as by the interest and the repose of Europe. Wherefore they have nominated their plenipotentiaries to discuss, agree upon, and sign the said treaty, viz: His majesty the king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the right hon. Wm. viscount Dudley, peer of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, councillor of his Britannic majesty in his privy council, and his principal secretary of state for the department of foreign affairs; His majesty the king of France and Navarre, the prince Jules, count de Polignac, peer of France, kuight Art. VI. The arrangements of reconciliation and the contending parties, shall be guaranteed by such of peace, which shall be definitively agreed upon between the signing powers as shall judge it useful or possible to contract the obligation; the mode of the effects, of this guarantee shall become the object of subsequent stipulations between the high powers. Art. VII. The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in two months, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed, and sealed it with their arms. Done at London, July 6, 1827. DUDLEY, POLIGNAC, LIEVEN. Additional and secret article. "In case that the Ottoman porte does not accept, withof the orders of his most Christian majesty, major general in the space of one month, the mediation which shall be of his armies, grand cross of the order of St. Maurice of proposed, the high contracting parties agree upon the fofSardinia, &c. and his ambassador to his Britannic ma-lowing measures: jesty. 1. It shall be declared, by their representatives at ConAnd his majesty the emperor of all the Russaias,stantinople to the porte, that the inconvenience and Christopher prince de Lieven, general of infantry of the armies of his imperial majesty, his aid-de-camp general, knight of the orders of Russia, of those of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle of Prussia, of that of the Guelphs of Hanover, commander grand cross of the order of the sword, and of the order of St. John of Jerusalem, his ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to his Britannie majesty. Who, after having communicated their full powers, and found the same in good and due form, agreed upon the following articles: evils pointed out in the public treaty as inseparable from the state of things subsisting in the east for the last six years, and the termination of which, through the meaus at the disposal of the sublime porte, appears still remote, impose upon the high contracting parties the necessity of taking immediate measures for an approximation with the Greeks. It is to be understood that this approximation shall be brought about by establishing commercial relations with the Greeks, by sending to them for that purpose, and receiving from them, consular agents, so long as there Art. I. The contracting powers will offer to the Otto-shall exist among them authorities capable of maintaining man porte their mediation with the view of bringing about a reconciliation between it and the Greeks. such relations. II. If within the said term of one month, the porte do not accept the armistice proposed in the first article of *Suzerain is the term used; it belongs to the feudal This offer of mediation shall be made to this power iramediately after the ratification of the treaty, by means of a collective declaration signed by the plenipotentiaries of the allied courts at Constantinople; and there shall be law, and signifies lord paramount. |