nities, and exemptions which those of the most favored nation do or may enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the United Mexican States may find proper to give to the ministers and public agents of any other power, shall by the same act be extended to those of each of the contracting parties.

ART. 28. In order that the consuls and vice-consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities which belong to them by their character, they shall before entering upon the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent in due form to the Government to which they are accredited; and having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants of the consular district in which they reside. It is agreed likewise to receive and admit consuls and vice-consuls in all the ports and places open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy therein all the rights, prerogatives and immunities of the consuls and vice-consuls of the most favored nation, each of the contracting parties remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such consuls and vice consuls may not seem expedient.

ART. 29. It is likewise agreed that the consuls, vice-consuls, their secretaries, officers and persons attached to the service of consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the consul

resides, shall be exempt from all compulsory public service, and also from all kind of taxes, imposts, and contributions levied specially on them, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce or their property, to which the citi zens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside, are subject; being in everything besides subject to the laws of their respective States. The archives and papers of the consulates shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize, or in any way interfere with them.

ART. 30. The said consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the authorities of the country, for the arrest, deten tion, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for that purpose, they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving, by an exhibition of the register of the vessel, or ship's roll, or other public documents, that the man or men demanded were part of said crews; and on this demand so proved, (saving always where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the vessels to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But, if they be not

sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause.

ART. 31. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree, as soon hereafter as circumstances will permit, to form a consular convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the consuls and vice-consuls of the respective parties.

ART. 32. For the purpose of regulating the interior commerce between the frontier territories of both Republics, it is agreed that the Executive of each shall have power, by mutual agreement, of determining on the route and establishing the roads by which such commerce shall be conducted; and in all cases where the caravans employed in such commerce may require convoy and protection by military escort, the Supreme Executive of each nation, shall, by mutual agreement, in like manner, fix on the period of departure for such caravans, and the point at which the military escort of the two nations shall be exchanged. And it is further agreed, that, until the regulations for governing this interior commerce between the two nations shall be established, that the commercial intercourse between the State of Missouri of the United States of America, and New Mexico in the United Mexican States, shall be conducted as heretofore, each Government affording the necessary protection to the citizens of the other.

ART. 33. It is likewise agreed

that the two contracting parties shall, by all the means in their power, maintain peace and harmony among the several Indian nations who inhabit the lands adjacent to the lines and rivers which form the boundaries of the two countries; and the better to attain this object, both parties bind themselves expressly to restrain, by force, all hostilities and incursions on the part of the Indian nations living within their respective boundaries: so that the United States of America will not suffer their Indians to attack the citizens of the United Mexican States, nor the Indians inhabiting their territory; nor will the United Mexican States permit the Indians residing within their territories to commit hostili tes against the citizens of the United States of America, nor against the Indians residing within the limits of the United States, in any manner whatever.

And in the event of any person or persons captured by the Indians who inhabit the territory of either of the contracting parties, being or having been carried into the territories of the other, both Governments engage and bind themselves in the most solemn manner to return them to their country as soon as they know of their being within their respective territories, or to deliver them up to the agent or representative of the Government that claims them, giving to each other, reciprocally, timely notice, and the claimant paying the expenses incurred in the transmission and maintenance of such person or persons, who, in the mean time, shall be treated with the utmost hospitality by the local

authorities of the place where they may be. Nor shall it be lawful, under any pretext whatever, for the citizens of either of the contracting parties to purchase or hold captive prisoners made by the Indians inhabiting the territories of the other.

ART. 34. The United States of America and the United Mexican States, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit, the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty or general convention of amity, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following points:

First. The present treaty shall remain and be of force for eight years from the day of the exchange of the ratifications, and until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at the end of said term of eight years. And it is hereby agreed between them, that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either of the parties from the other party, this treaty, in all its parts, relating to commerce and navigation, shall altogether cease and determine, and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship, it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both the contracting parties.

Secondly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizens shall

be held personally responsible for the same; and the harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way, to protect the offender, or sanction such violation.

Thirdly. If (what indeed cannot be expected) any of the articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infracted in any manner whatever, it is stipulated that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party considering itself offended, shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed.

Fourthly. Nothing in this treaty contained, shall however be construed to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other Sovereigns or States.

The present treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation, shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Vice-President of the United Mexican States, with the consent and approbation of the Congress thereof; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington, within the term of one year, to be counted from the date of the signature hereof; or sooner, if possible.

Whereas, in the present state of the Mexican shipping, it would not be possible for Mexico to recieve the full advantage of the reciprocity established in the fifth and sixth articles of the treaty signed this day, it is agreed that for the term of six years, the stipulations contained in the said articles shall be suspended; and in lieu thereof, it is hereby agreed, that, until the expiration of the said term of six years, American vessels entering into the ports of Mexico, and all articles, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United States of America, imported in such vessels, shall pay no other or higher duties, than are or may hereafter be payable in the said ports by the vessels and the like articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the most favored nation; and, reciprocally, it is agreed that Mexican vessels entering into the

ports of the United States of America, and all articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture, of the United Mexican States, imported in such vessels, shall pay no other or higher duties than are, or may hereafter be, payable in the said ports by the vessels and the like articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the most favored nation; and that no higher duties shall be paid, or bounties or drawbacks allowed, on the exportation of any article, the growth, produce, or manufacture of either country, in the vessels of the other, than upon the exportation of the like articles in the vessels of any other foreign country.

The present additional article shall have the same force and value as if it had been inserted, word for word, in the treaty signed this day. It shall be ratified, and the ratification exchanged at the same time.

In witness whereof, We, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed and sealed the same.

Done at Mexico on the fifth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one.