tween the dress of the women and they 2. Who were esteemed deities among men? When were hats and caps worn? them 1-[What was the character of the Were ornaments, pins, and mirrors, in religion of Egypt What did the Babylo use? In what estimation was marriage nians and Arabians worship? Who were held by the Romans? On what did the the gods of the Canaanites, Syrians, Phoeni validity of the transaction depend 1-[What cians, and Carthaginians? Whom did the was always attended to before a marriage Moabites and Philistines worship? Who was solemnized? What power had fathers was the favourite deity of the Scythians? over their children ?]-What were the fune- What was there peculiar in the religious ral rites of the Romans? When did the rites of the Celts? What is said of the repractice of burning the dead fall into dis-ligion of the Persians? What was the my use -[Why did they slaughter animals at thology of the ancient Hindoos?] the tomb of the deceased!] 3. What is said of the worship of a mul 72 1-2. What was the cominerce of Rome ? titude of gods? To what were the agree What circumstance restricted their com-able fictions of mythology adapted 3-[How mercial dealings?-[In what estimation was was the Pagan theology divided? What traffic held? What was the size of their was the first? How was this estimated by largest merchant ships?] the wiser heathens? What was the se cond? Who were the writers of this class, and to what did their speculations relate What was the third ?]

73. What was the situation of Syria? What were its principal towns -[How did Antioch compare with other cities? What is said of Daphne and Seleucia? What rendered Damascus famous? Why are the remains of Heliopolis interesting? By whom was Palmyra founded? What shows its former magnificence?]

74. What was the character of the ancient Syrians?

4. How were the systems of mythology explained by the refined and liberal? What use is to be derived from the study of the Pagan systems of religion? What other advantages are mentioned ?[What was meant by mundane and super-mundane gods? Into how many orders were they distinguished? What duties were assigned to each? Why was it necessary that the governors of the mundane gods should be twelve? Who were they? How may this truth be seen in the statues of Apollo, Minerva, and Vents? How did the other mundane gods subsist? Give some examCar-ples. What was the genuine pagan creed as given by a heathen philosopher?]

75. When did the Syrian language be come a distinct tongue? Where was it spoken [What is its character?]

76. What was the extent of Carthage [By whom was it rebuilt after its destruction by the Romans ?]-From what time may its decay be traced?

77. What was the government of thage? What was their character?

78. What was the situation of Parthia? How were the people governed 3-[Who were the ancient Parthians? To what were they accustomed from infancy? For what were they celebrated by the ancients? What was the state of their morals and religion 1]

79. What was the extent and situation of ancient Persia?

80. What was their government ?-[How were the kings of Persia treated by their subjects? What anecdote is mentioned as a proof of this? What is said of the royal palace? For what purpose did the Persian imonarchs live?]

81. What was there peculiar in the education of the Persians?

82. What were their punishments ?[What was the most severe ?]

83. To what kind of military exercise were they particularly trained? Upon what did they depend for success 1-[What singular custom prevailed?]

81. What was their religion -[Is it probable that they were ever acquainted with the worship of the true God? Who was Zoroaster 3]

Mythology of Ancient Nations.

1. What was the religion of the nations of antiquity What was their system called?

5. What does a survey of the heathen mythology present [How long did this state of things continue ? What effect has the Bible produced in the moral world?]

Discoveries, Inventions, and Improvements of Early Ages.

1. To what is special reference had in this article ?-[What evidence exists of the early progress of mankind in the arts of life 1]

2. What urged the cultivation of the arts at first? What are among the earliest arts? What is said of astronomy? Of geometry? Of medicine? Of agriculture [How did agriculture flourish among the Romans? How among the Israelites and Egyptians? How do the moderns compare with the ancients in this respect?]-What is said of architecture?

3. What was one of the minuter divisions of ancient art? What articles did the ancients generally use in embalming dead bodies? Did they know all that the mo derns know on this subiect? What is said of the Egyptians -What way of embalm ing was most ancient? What was the Egyptian method?)-What is said of the streets of ancient Rome? What attention did the Greeks and Romans pay to their public roads 1-[What is further said of the

Roman roads? What was the ordinary, of the invention of glass mirrors ?). Where, rate of travelling compared with the pre- as is supposed, was linen first manufactur sent?]-What was the oldest method of ed? Were the Greeks acquainted with it? conveying news? What was another When was it introduced into Rome? What mode -[What is further said of public is said of the arts of spinning and weaving? criers? What of the mode of posting 1] By what people was wool in Europe first To what is the origin of making glass manufactured 1-[From what country and probably due? Where is it said to have sheep originally come? With what were been discovered?-[Relate the history of the the early inhabitants of northern Europe discovery of glass }] for ages clothed? Is the art of dyeing an What were the oldest mirrors mentioned ancient one? By what nations was t in history made of? Of what were they known? What articles did they dye? To afterwards made? Were glass mirrors what ancient people was steel known? known to the ancients 1-[What were the What names did the Greeks give to it? looking glasses mentioned in our English -[How does the steel of the ancients comBible? What is said respecting the date pare with that of the moderns }]

ON

OUTLINES OF MODERN HISTORY.

BY REV. ROYAL ROBBINS.

*It will be noticed, that the same order which prevails through the History, is preserved in the following Questions-and also that the Questions on that part of the work which is printed on the smaller type, are included in brackets, thus -[ ].

tioned this measure? What was the character of Galba, before his elevation? How did he manifest his severity 1-[What would have made him more acceptable as an emperor Mention an instance of his severity. What is said of his parsimony 1] How long did Galba reign? On what account was he slain? What did Otho expect? Did the emperor favour this design? What followed?

12. Who was raised to the throne? What was the character of Otho? How long did he reign? What did Vitellius do ?-[From whom was Otho descended? What has been observed respecting the last moments of his life?]

13. Who now assumed the government? How long did Vitellius retain it? What was his character? Under what circumstances did Vespasian appear in Italy at this time? What became of Vitellius? [What instances of his cruel disposition are here recorded? What is said of his gluttony ?]

14. When and by whom was Vespasian declared emperor? By what was he distinguished? What is said of the Jewish war, during his reign? After this, what was the state of the empire-[What were the acts of his administration? What were his feelings in regard to learning? How did he die?]

How long did he reign, and when did he die ?-[Did Trajan fear his enemies? Mention an anecdote in point. What war did he first engage in? Whither did he turn his arms afterwards? Where and how did he die? How was the estimation in which Trajan was held, shown}}

18. Who succeeded Trajan? When? How was Adrian declared? Who was he? What did he do on his accession? Da scribe his character. When did be die? [What did he achieve in Britain? What in a war with the Jews? In what manner did he travel? What is said of his endow ments? Why did he wear a long beard? Whom did he adopt for his successor la what manner did he bear the pains that preceded death? What was the character of his reign ?]

19. Who succeeded to the empire? When? What was the character of Antoninus? How was his reign marked? What were the most remarkable foreign occurrences? What was the extent of his age and reign 1-[What is said of his munifcence-his humanity--his love of peacehis regard of Christians 1 What, neverthe less, took place respecting them? What was his patronage of learned men ? Relate the circumstance respecting Apollonius How did the emperor die ?]

20. Who now came to the throne? When i 15. When did Titus succeed to the em- Who had been designated with Marcus? pire? What was his character? What is Was Verus admitted as a partner 1 What said of his reign? When did he die ? was the character of the two brothers? [What is related as an instance of the go- How did Marcus illustrate his attachment vernment of his passions? What is said of to philosophy? How did Verus conduct in his tenderness? Mention some events that war? What is said of the Parthians and happened during his reign. What were the Germans? After the death of Verus, what circumstances attending his last sickness? did Aurelius do? Where and when did Who was suspected of having hastened his Aurelius die? What was an infelicity of death 1] this emperor's reign? Who were the in15. When did Domitian assume the pur-struments in the persecution of Christans? ple? What were his acts after a short pe-[What is said of this emperor's love of reriod? What is said of his reign? What tirement? Relate the story of a Christian most occupied his private hours? What is legion."]-Upon the death of Aurelius, what said of the persecution of Christians? Did he derive renown from the success of his general, Agricola 1-[To whom was Domitian particularly hostile? What did he do to the senators, at particular times? By whom had his death been predicted? How did that circumstance affect him? What does Heeren say of the fall of Domitian? Who concerted measures to destroy him?] What race ended with Domitian? Who was the first, and who the last emperor of the Augustan family?

16. Who was now elected emperor ? Who was Nerva? What unfitted him to cure the disorders of the empire? Whom did he adopt as his successor? When, and in what year of his age did he die 1-[During his reign, what commendable things did he do? Relate an instance of his lenity ?]

was the state of the empire 7 At the period of Trajan's death, what countries did the empire comprehend?

21. Who now mounted the throne When? Who was Commodus, and what his character? What is said of his admi nistration? How and when did he perish? [What is further said respecting his cruelty ?]

22. Who was the successor of Commo dus? When was Pertinax proclaimed 1 Who was he? When, and by whom was he murdered?

23. Who next succeeded to the empire1 When? How did Didius obtain it? What happened at the same time? Who seized the government? When and by whom was Didius put to death 1-[Relate the circum stances of his purchase of the empire. From 17. Who now possessed the throne ? this period to what was he exposed? What What was the character of Trajan? In at the crisis of affairs did the senate do ?] what particular was his equity implicated? 24. Who was now at the head of the Ro What is said of the extent of the empire at man world? Who was Severus 1 What this time? What of Trajan's liberality is said of his military talents 1 His admi towards learning? What of his column?nistration of government? What work did

he accomplish in Britain? Where and How did he pass his time after his elevation? when did he die ? To whom did he leave How did he fall?-[What is said of his the empire -[What was the first act of Se-strength Relate a further particular converus? With whom did he soon after en-cerning him?]

gage in war? What is said of his activity 38. Was a new emperor immediately and love of conquest? What of the wall elected? When did Tacitus take the reins he built in Britain 1 What circumstances of government? What was his character? preceded his death ?] How and at what age did he die ?

25. Who were now established in the empire ? What were the characters of Caracalla and Geta ? What was the end of Caracalla? During his reign what was the state of the empire 3-[Detail some of his bad actions; his feelings in respect to death.]

26. When was Macrinus proclaimed How did he lose the affections of his army, and finally his life? How long was his reign?

27. Who was now raised to the throne? What was the character of Heliogabalus ? How long did he reign 1-[Mention some facts respecting his effeininacy, prodigality, and cruelty. How was his death accomplished?]

28. When was Alexander Severus proclaimed? What is said of his character and qualities? How was he cut off 1-[What was a specimen of his virtuous character; his remark on a certain occasion; his intellect ual endowments? Mention some of the acts of his reign; his mauner of living.]

29. How and when did Maximinus ascend the throne? What is said of his descent and person? What was his character as a sovereign? To what end did he come ? How long was his reign, and what took place during it [In what did this emperor delight 7 How did he act when the senate appointed others to the supreme power? What is said of his strength and voracity ?] Who was now proclaimed ?

30. When did Gordian assume the einpire? How old was he at this time? State what he did. What part did Philip the Arabian act 1-[How was Gordian's fondness for learning shown?]

31. When did Philip acquire the empire? How long did he reign What was the manner cf his death?

32. Who succeeded in the empire? When? What is said of Decius in respect to his activity What causes were enfeebling the empire? When and how did his reign terminate ?

33. When and how was Gallus raised to the throne? Give an account of his character and the manner of his death.-[What happened during his reign ?]

34. When did Valerian succeed to the throne ? What did he suffer [To what use was he put by Sapor? What was the manner of his death ?)

35. Who was Gallienus, and when was he chosen emperor? What is said of him after his elevation? Of thirty pretenders? Of the emperor's death?

36. Who was now invested with the purple? When? What was the character of Claudius? What kind of death did he die ? What is said of his military exploits ?] 37. How and when was Aurelian chosen emperor? What is said of his parentage?

39. Who succeeded Tacitus? Who, however, was chosen by the army? How long did Florian enjoy this distinction? What became of him? What was the character of Probus ? Why and by whom was he slain 7-[What is said of his parentage ? Of his energy and virtue? Repeat the story of Bonosus.]

When ?

40. Who succeeded Probus ? Who was Carus? Who were associated with him in command? What was the character of Carus Of his two sons? What is said of their reign? What became of Carus and his sons 1-[Tell the story of Nu. merian.]

41. When did Diocletian begin his reign? Whom did he associate with himself in the empire! What did they achieve? What step did they soon take? What was the state of things at this time? What did the two emperors do in a few years? How did they feel and act from that time? When did each die ?-[What was Diocletian's pa rentage? Why did he choose Galerius for his associate l What is further said of Diocletian? Of Maximian ?]

42. Who were now universally acknow. ledged emperors? Who ruled the eastern; who the western parts of the empire ? Who were the two partners whom Constantins and Galerius took in with them? What was the character of the two empe. rors respectively? When did Constantius die, and whom did he leave as his succes sor? When and how did Galerius die? What did he instigate Diocletian to do? [Of what did the western parts of the em pire consist? Of what the eastern ? Relate an anecdote of Constantius.]

43. What is said of the prevalence, and number of the persecutions of Christians during this period? Name the persecuting emperors. From what motives did they act thus ?

44. When did Judea become a province of the Roman empire? When did the birth of our Saviour take place? What did Herod do in reference to this occur rence? What happened to him ?-[In what year of the world was our Saviour born? What era do we nevertheless adopt? Can the mistake now be rectified? Who were troubled by his birth? How was Jesus in his infancy saved from the designs of Herod? What kind of life did our Saviour lead? Under whom did he suffer? What is further said of Christ ?]-Are the affairs of the Jews at this period sufficiently inportant to be particularized 1-[How was Judea divided at this time? What is a tetrarchy ? Who held the different tetrarchies? Who was the successor of Archelaus} What is related concerning him? Who