Louis. From Covington, on the Kentucky side of Ohio, a railroad is constructed to the heart of Kentucky.

The city is divided into 16 wards, and is governed by a mayor, and a board of trustees of three members for each ward, styled the city council. The mayor is elected biennially, and the trustees annually.

Cincinnati was founded in 1789, by emigrants from New England and New Jersey, on the site of Fort Washington. It has grown with great rapidity, and being the great emporium of the centre, it must continue to increase with a ratio unprecedented.

CLEVELAND.

City and port of entry and court house Cuyahoga county. On Lake Erie, at the mouth of Cuyahoga River. It derives its name from General Moses Cleveland, an agent of the Connecticut land company, who accompanied the first surveying party to the Connecticut Reserve, and under whose direction the town was first surveyed in 1796. The Indian title to the land it occupies had been extinguished two years before; but on the opposite side of the Cuyahoga River the Indians retained their title till 1805. Cleveland was incorporated as a village in 1814, and as a city in 1836. Population in 1799, one family; in 1825, about 500; in 1830, 1000; in 1840, 6071; in 1850, 17,054; in 1855, about 35,000. It is 130 miles north-west from Pitts

burg, 146 north-east from Columbus, 200 south-west from Buffalo, 130 east from Detroit.

It is situated on a gravelly plain, elevated about 80 feet above the lake, of which it has a commanding prospect. The streets, which cross each other at right angles, are 80 feet wide, and Main Street 120. The location is dry and healthy, and there are many fine buildings. Near the centre is a public square of 10 acres, neatly enclosed and shaded with trees.

The harbor at the mouth of the Cuyahoga, since its improvement, by piers on each side extending into the water, is one of the best on Lake Erie, and its position at the northern terminus of the Ohio Canal, and the fertile country and enterprising population by which it is surrounded, have given it a very rapid growth, which as yet is but just commencing.

It is already the second commercial town in Ohio, and bids fair even to rival Cincinnati. Besides its intercourse with the interior of the state by the Ohio Canal, and its extensive lake commerce, it communicates by the Ohio and Pennsylvania Canal with Pittsburg, and by the New York and Welland Canals with the Atlantic coast. To these facilities for transportation have lately been added a system of railroads, affording communication with Cincinnati, Detroit, Pittsburg, and Buffalo, and through these two latter places with Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. Ohio City, on the opposite side of the Cuyahoga, is a growing suburb.

COLUMBUS.

City, capital of the state, and seat of justice of Franklin county. 140 miles south-west from Cleveland, and 125 north-east from Cincinnati. It is on the same parallel of latitude with Philadelphia, 450 miles west, and on the same meridian with Detroit, 175 miles south. Population in 1815, 700; in 1820, 1450; in 1830, 2437; in 1840, 6048; in 1850, 17,871; in 1855, 40,000. It is situated on the east bank of the Scioto, upon ground rising gradually from the river, and affording an eligible site for a large city. This spot was selected by the legislature as the seat of government in 1812, while it was yet a wilderness, and is designated in the act as "the high bank of Scioto River, opposite Franklinton." It is laid out, as all towns established in such a manner are usually laid out, with the most entire regularity; the streets crossing each other at right angles, and forming spacious squares, which are often divided into lesser squares by alleys, or narrower streets, intersecting each other in the middle. Broad Street, which extends from the bridge, over which the national road passes the Scioto, to the eastern limits of the city, is 120 feet wide, and High Street, at right angles with this, which is the principal seat of business, is 100 feet wide. The other streets are 88 feet in width. A substantial quay has been constructed along the margin of the river, 1300 feet long, which affords every facility for loading and unloading goods, produce, and other articles transport

ed upon the river; or through the Ohio Canal, which passes 11 miles south of this point, and is connected with the Scioto at Columbus by a canal, or feeder, of that length.

In the centre of the town is a public square of 10 acres, handsomely enclosed, designed originally for the public buildings. It has Broad Street on the north side, and High Street on the west. Upon the southwest corner of this square, fronting towards the west, stands the State House, which is a brick edifice, 75 feet long by 50 feet wide, two stories high, and surmounted with a handsome cupola, from the balcony of which a beautiful view of the city and the surrounding country is obtained. The winding course of the river, the pleasant town of Franklinton, on its opposite bank, and many features of the more distant prospect, give a varied and pleasing interest to this view. The Representatives' Hall is on the lower floor of the State House, and the Senate Chamber is immediately above. The public offices are in a separate building, 100 feet long by 25 feet wide, standing directly north of the State House. In the same line, a little farther north, is the Court House for the United States District Court. There are many elegant private dwellings in Columbus; but the general style of building is characterized rather by neatness than display. The churches of the different denominations are numerous, and many of them well sustained. The First Presbyterian Church in Columbus was organized in 1818, and their neat brick edifice stands near the south-east corner of the

public square.

The Baptist Church is a large and handsome building at the corner of Third and Rich Streets; and the Episcopal Church is a stone edifice on Broad Street, opposite the public square.

The several state institutions located at Columbus do honor to the state, while they greatly adorn the city. The Ohio Lunatic Asylum occupies an open area, about one mile east of the State House, and is a truly noble structure. The buildings present a front of 376 feet, with wings on the right and left projecting 11 feet forward, and running back 218 feet, thus forming a spacious court in the rear. They cover an acre of ground, and contain 440 rooms. About 30 acres of land are attached to the establishment, forming a quiet and ample retreat for such patients as are able to enjoy it. The cost of erecting the buildings of the Lunatic Asylum was over $150,000.

The Ohio Deaf and Dumb Asylum is located about one third of a mile east of the State House, on grounds which are handsomely laid out, and adorned with shrubbery. Its site was selected in 1829, and it went into operation as soon as the necessary arrangements could be made. The buildings are of brick, and cost, with the grounds, about $25,000.

The Ohio Institution for the Education of the Blind is another of these noble institutions, located at Columbus. It is situated on the national road, about three quarters of a mile easterly from the State House. The edifice is a large and handsome structure of brick, with