lumns of correspondence every week, Sultan anti-Malthusianizing in Cons beginning with—“Sir, your zeal in stantinople. A flourish of this kind the noble cause of education induces generally produces a good effect: the me to appeal to you, and through you ladies will call it “ sweet.” to an enlightened public, your wide

VI. FACTORIES.- -Of course, if you circulation among whom is at once a proof of their discernment and your Huddersfield, Oldham, or any other

are in Manchester, Liverpool, Bolton, ability,” &c.

Of course, you must similar place, which the deceased not allow a correspondent to address

member for the last-named town used you in any other strain-and, always to compliment by the title of Hellput in the widely circulated.” A lot holes, you must be for the factory of learning here is good, for on the principle that

system, else your duration as a news

paper editor will be very short. You “ He who rules freemen, should himself

must say, Avaunt, Ashley! Sink, Sadbe free,”

ler! Down, Trollope, down! Denounce or, as Doctor Johnson read the line, all the statements of the anti-factory " Who drives fat oxen, should himself

folks as so many distinct lies-main. be fat ;"

tain that the mill owners are angels,

and their operations such as were so he who talks of education should be bimself, or, what is the same thing,

never heard of since the days of should appear to be educated. You

Glauber, greatest of operators. Talk may, for instance, refer to the case of

of the happiness of the children as

unequalled, and be pathetic upon the Sardanapalus, whose ruin was attributable solely to the want of being sent to

pleasure it must give them—bless

their little hearts !--to contribute to the a normal school in his youth. Quote

comforts and the sustenance of their his inscription, in reality from Lord

kind parents from the early age of six. Byron, but pretend that you found it in Diodorus Siculus :

Be loud in praise of the importance of

the manufacturers of England, and set “ Sardanapalus

the spinning-jennies above the Nine The King, and son of Anacyndyrages,

Muses and the Three Graces. Of In one day built Anchialus and Tarsus."

course, be liberal of tables and calcu. “ Eat, drink, and sport, the rest's not lations, with which the Scotch bookworth a filip."

keepers will supply you ad libitum. You may observe that this sentiment As the factory men are about the most proves him to be a man of no educa- hospitable fellows in the world, you tion, else he would have given a very

will live on the fat of the land if you different line. He would have said, play your cards well-only do not let as many others have said since his your admiration of cotton-twist betray time,

you, as there is great danger among “ Instruct the poor,—their food's not

the ever-bibing Niancunians, into a worth a filip."

still stronger admiration of gin-twist.

If your lot be cast among anti-factory Owing to his want of being edu

men, why, there you have nothing to cated, he kept disreputable company, do but to enlist Dastler or Stephens, who never had conversaziones, or soirées, or reunions of philosophical mities of the factory slave. Talk of

(if out of quod,) and deplore the caladiscussion, or never attended any of tender infancy that never knew what Dr Lardner's lectures. If he had been it was to be a child, and shed tears duly cultivated in time, and taught to read the works of the noble poet who wright as Moloch in Milton

over the billy-roller. Describe Ark. has made him the hero of a tragedy, or those of his friend, Mr Moore;

“ Factory king, besmear'd with blood if he had possessed the means of

of 'prentice sacritice, and parents' tears, being able to peruse Don Juan, for Though from the whirr of spinning jennies

shrill example, or the poems of Thomas

The childrens' cries unheard that pass.

s d Little, it is highly probable that he

through would never have been overthrown by

To his grim overseer.” the arms of Arbaces the Median, and the empire of Assyria might be flou. On one side appeal to a liberal and rishing to this hour, and the emperor enlightened public, whether such a offering his mediation between Mehe. man as Muntz, with his beard stream. met Pacha of Egypt and the youthful ing like a meteor through the troubled

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air, would support the factory system from the office. I have still much to if his benevolent heart suspected any observe on the remaining twelve heads of the Trollopian horrors. Ods, of my political cyclopædia, which I goose-and-giblets, I should rather shall impart with as much brevity as think not. On the other hand, would I think properly consistent with a full the red Milesian, Feargus O'Connor, understanding of the business. As I now incarcerated in York Castle and said at the beginning of my letter, I steeped in the bitterest waters of Jor- am very doubtful that this will reach dan, rouse up the thunders of his you; for, though Doctor Franklin eloquence to blow away the mill- once received a letter which was only owners with a shout more awful than directed that which

Dr Franklin, * Vexed Syella bathing in the sea that

America, parts

yet I think, if I directed mine Calabria from the hoarse Trinacrian

Tobias Flimsy, Esq., shore ?"

&c. &c. -I do not know what is so often

England, cramming Milton into my mouth, but there would not be the same certainty as I shall remark by and by, he is a of its coming to hand. Indeed I think famous fellow to quote-unless the a man of your modest and retiring cry against the factory system arose to habits would be sorry to find yourself heaven, and Feargus thought it neces- so conspicuous as to render it so easy sary to send his after it, in order to give to reach your place of domicile. No, it a shove upwards. On the whole, it Tobias, you have chosen the course is a good question for both sides to which Horace desired for himself the write upon : here you have protection of infants, maternal sorrow, waste of

“ Securum iter, et fallentis semita vita." youthful life, deprivation of youthful “ The path secure, where bailiffs never innocence, horrible atmosphere, hor- come, rible toil, horrible morals, every thing That line of march which best deceives a in short horrible, horrible, horrible;

bum;" and there you are furnished with com- as Francis, or some other learned merce of the country, England raised person translates it. I have, thereto power and glory by manufactures, fore, chanced this letter-sending it philanthropic masters, prosperous cbil- through the cashier of the old office ; dren, hatred of cant and humbug, de- and, as I know you are not in his fiance of falsehood-and much more debt, because he would not let you besides, which will furnish both par. overdraw him, though you made not ties with materials of endless twines

a few vigorous attempts, it is possible of controversy as long drawn out as he may know something about you. the African tapeworm, perpetually Sally sends her best love. Is there unwound from the tortured interior of any thing I can do for you? If you a slave-protecting settler in Freetown, have dropped into any salary, you -happy capital of that which once was might, perhaps, let me have a little Sierra Leone, but which now rejoices money. You may depend upon my in the nobler epithet of Liberia. applying it with the greatest judgment

VII. FINANCE.—This, my dear To- and caution in your service. bias, is the most

I am, dear Tobias, But the fact is, I am getting very

Sincerely yours, short of paper, and cannot enter upon

Nestor GOOSEQUILL. the subject of finance at this late hour P.S. Be candid with me. I heard of the night-in the present scarcity a whisper that you were gone in the of paper, I mean. I wish you had left direction of the north. Honour a few quires behind you ; it would not bright and shining, are you in Lanhave cost you any thing, as you might caster Castle? Answer by return of have abstracted it without difficulty post—at all events as soon as possible.

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HISTORY OF EUROPE.*

The volumes which Mr Alison has for human interest, nor too extended already contributed to the history of for human life. It was comprehended the last quarter of a century, havegiven within a single generation. It had unquestionable evidence of his qualis all the complexity, yet the clearness, ties for his important task. A striking the general design, yet the individual command of language, manly and objects, the long alternations of hope constitutional principles, a conception and fear, the intricate adventure, and at once clear and glowing, and a the dazzling and stupendous catajudgment at once chastised and ele- strophe. Living remembrance had vated by religion, place him in the seen nothing that resembled it. It first rank of those who have recorded brought a new race of impulses into the wonders of the French Revolution. being. Kingly ambition, popular

France has not been without her rage, the mysterious and haughty sedescribers of this most extraordinary' verities of superstition, the wild retime; but she has still to accomplish venge of ignorance inflamed by a sense the achievement of producing a his- of wrong,—all had passed over the torian. Her triumph is in animated surface of European history in their anecdote, her writers are matchless succession, and all had vanished. conteurs, and her best modern his- But at the moment when mankind tories are mémoires pour servir." had begun to ridicule the disturThe national genius seems hostile to bances and the disturbers, as the the comprehensive views and majestic work of ages when the world lay in strength of history. Nothing can darkness and the ghost and the robsurpass the finish and force of her ber held equal sway over the night, pictures of the individual actors in her other and still more startling influences great public events, and to this extent were let loose. Shapes of evil that the labours of the later French writers had scarcely been dreamed of in the must have a value: they are exact, excited imagination of the past sprang spirited, and brilliant; the great his- up before the present. The disturtorian, like the great painter, will bance spread over nations, the disavail himself of their physiognomies, turber stood before us in the broad but he will form his groups from other day of European intelligence. The recollections. He will shape the ge- Revolution wore a visage of fierceness neral action from loftier knowledge and power to which history had seen and by the application of broader nothing equal. A tyranny more sulprinciples, and the creative power len than superstition, and more savage which belongs to genius alone, will than despotism-mingling infidelity give the world that canvass which alone with treason, and giving a new force contains the mind of the age.

to its hostility against human laws by We have read Mr Alison's previous its insults to heaven,-exhibited itself volumes with a degree of pleasure which to the world, less breaking down than has certainly been unfelt by us in any blasting all resistance ; trampling on other historical work. It has beguiled every army and crown of the Contius from chapter to chapter with all the nent; and alike in its desperate decaptivation of a noble romance, while signs, and its irresistible successes, its sound principles and its extensive displaying the splendour, the subtlety, information have given that romance and the remorseless havoc of a fiend. the still stronger charm of the most The present volume embraces the magnificent of realities. The whole period from 1809 to the close of 1812; French Revolution was a drama. It the " fourth act" of the drama, when had the beginning, middle, and end, all the scattered causes were beginand all within a period not too brief ning to ripen, the leading characters.

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History of Europe, from the Commencement of the French Revolution in 1789 to the Restoration of the Bourbons in 1815. By Archibald Alison, F.R.S.E., Advocate, Vol. VIII.

fame, and in some respects undeserved The ardent and permanent neglect.

more elevated, but unsteady mind of Rousseau disdained such degrading bondage. The bow, bent too far one way, recoiled too far another; and the votaries of fashion, in an artificial age and a corrupted capital, were amused by of Meillerie on the pristine equality of the eloquent declamations of the recluse mankind, the social contract, and the original dignity of the savage character. Raynal, deducing the principles of humanity from the wrong source, traced with persuasive fervour, but with no prophetic foresight, the establishments of the European in the two hemispheres; and, blind to the mighty change which they were destined to effect in the condition of the species, diffused those pernicious dogmas which have now blasted the happiness of the negro race both in the French and English colonies; and sought to deduce, from the commencement of the vast change destined to spread the Christian faith over the wilderness of nature, arguments against its celestial origin. Every department of thought, save one, was tainted by the general wickedness, and blindness to all but present objects, which prevailed. Man's

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destruction of altars; its woes, its nal intrepidity; and when he proposed, blood, and its suffering. In the general during the dreadful riots of 1780, to ride deluge thus suddenly falling on a sinful at the head of his guards into the midst world, the mass of mankind in all ranks of the fires of his capital, he did no still clung to their former vices. They more than what his simple heart told were, as of old, marrying and giving in him was his duty, but what, neverthemarriage when the waters burst upon less, bespoke the monarch fitted to them. But the ark of salvation had quench the conflagration of Europe. been prepared by more than mortal Though quick in conversation, as kings hands. The handwriting on the wall generally are, he could not be said to was perceived by the gifted few to whom have an acute mind; and yet the native Providence had unlocked the fountains strength of his intellect enabled him to of original thought; and in the highest detect at once any sophistry which inclass of intelleet was soon to be discern- terfered with the just sense he always ed the elevating influence of trial and entertained of his public or religious suffering on the human mind.”

duties. When Mr Dundas, in the course We are glad to find the historian previous to Mr Pitt's retirement on that

of conversation on the Catholic claims, pausing on his way to more showy ground in 1800, urged the often repeatand tumultuous themes, to do honour, ed argument, that the Coronation oath which was but to do justice, to the me

was taken by him only in relation to his mory of George the Third. The fac. executive duties, he at once replied, tion which that honest and high

• Come, come, Mr Dundas, let us have principled monarch excluded from the

none of your Scotch metaphysics.' ineans of public mischief during his reign, have taken the base revenge of The firmness which he exhibited on occalumny since his deceasc; and it is casion of the run upon the Bank and the only the duty of history, which will mutiny of the Nore, in 1797, brought live when pamphleteering bitterness, the nation safely through the most danand the hedge-firing hostility of re- gerous crisis of recent times. His inviews, are sunk in contemptuous obli

flexible determination, in 1807, to advion, to pay the national tribute to the mit no compromise with the Catholics most English sovereign that ever sat regarding the Coronation oath, averted upon the throne.

for twenty years that loosening of the

constitution in Church and State, under No monarch was ever better adapted which the nation has since so grievously for the arduous and momentous duty to laboured. When resisting, almost alone, which he was called, or possessed quali- Mr Fox's India bill in 1783, he expressties more peculiarly fitted for the diffi- ed his determination rather to resign culties with which, during his long his crown, and retire to Hanover, than reign, he had to contend. Born and bred permit it to become a law; and the result in England, he gloried, as he himself has proved both that he had correctly said, in the name of Briton. Educated scanned on that occasion the feelings of in the principles of the Protestant reli- the English people, and rightly appregion, he looked to their maintenance not ciated the probable effect of the proonly as his first duty, but as the only posed measure on our eastern empire, safeguard of his throne. Simple in his and the balance of the constitution in habits, moderate in his desires, unostentatious in his tastes, he preferred, amidst the seductions of a palace, the purity His determination to admit no accomand virtues of domestic life. His edu- modation with the American insurgents, cation had been neglected his informa- prolonged that unhappy contest for years tion was not extensive; but he possess after even his own ninisters had become sed, in a very high degree, that native aware that it was hopeless; yet even sagacity and just discrimination, for the such a resolution had something magwant of which no intellectual cultivation nanimous in its character. It is now can afford any compensation, and which well known, that, but for the incapaare so often found more than adequate city of the generals in command of his to supply the place of the most brilliant armies, his firmness would have been reand even solid acquisitions. He inherit- warded with success; and all must admit, ed from his father the hereditary cour- that his first words to the American age and firmness of his race.

minister who came to his court after the peated occasions, when his life was

peace,– I was the last man in my doattempted, he evinced a rare and perso- minions to acknowlodge your indepen

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Ou re