Money.-Canada Currency. 1 English shilling 1s. 1d., Halifax currency. 1 shilling currency 10 pence, English. 20 shillings one pound 168. 8d. £1 sterling 8 per cent. premium. The American and Spanish dollar is 5 shillings, Canada currency. 1 Pistareen 1 shilling, Halifax currency. 1 French five franc piece. 48. 8d., Halifax currency. To change Halifax currency [4 dollars sterling, deduct one-tenth. £1 currency] into British To change British sterling into Halifax currency, add one-ninth. IMPORTATION. By act of the Colonial Legislature, dated July 5th, 1843, all coals are allowed to enter the British American Colonies, free of duty. Importation of Coal and Culm from Great Britain into British North America, from the Parliamentary Returns. INLAND COAL TRADE.—IMPORTATIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES. From Ohio.-Bituminous Coal Imported from Cleveland. Of the coal exported into Canada from the Port of Erie we possess no details. American coal received at Toronto in 1846, 1143 tons. Importation of American coal is diminishing annually. There is very little reciprocity in the trade between Ohio and Canada, as may be seen by the following official statement for the year 1844: * * Report of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, January, 1845. Exports from the port of Cleveland to - $618,837 210 21,544 Canada, 12,534 Value of imports of coal from the United States in 1851, $38,672 value.* We possess no recent British returns of the amount of American bituminous coal which passed through the Welland canal; but it is understood that three-fourths of the property which now passes this canal, is conveyed in American vessels on American account.† Tonnage, of all descriptions, on the Welland Canal.‡ Rates of toll in 1845, on American coal on the Welland canal, for passing through the whole line, 2s. 6d. per ton. Between St. Catherine's and Port Dalhousie, 4d. per ton. Sea coal free of toll. Through the Welland canal the navigation of the lakes is uninterrupted for the distance of 844 miles, from east to west, and the extreme distance from south to north is 347 miles. The British trade on the upper lakes, in 1845, was only about onetenth the value of the American lake trade, as appears from the following statement:§ American trade, valued at $1,517,132, employing 550 sailing vessels, and 49 steamers. British trade on upper lakes, $150,000. 1853. The tolls received by State of New York from Canadian produce and property passing through her canals, is estimated at over $300,000 annually. By a report, furnished in 1847, of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, it appears that in 1846 there were 30,000 tons of British shipping employed in transporting American goods on the * State Engineer's Report Canals New York, 1852. State Engineer's Report of the Canals, New York. lakes generally. The bona fide value of the American Lake trade, in the same year, is returned at $61,914,910.* Colonel Abert, of the United States Topographical Engineers, reported in 1847, that the existing tonnage on the upper lakes, in a military point of view, is sufficient for 100,000 men. The British tonnage is small on the upper lakes, only 4,500 tons; propellers 2,500 tons. On Lake Ontario the British have the advantage in the number of steamers, description of vessels, and number of mariners. Lake Champlain is exclusively American. American tonnage, 1846, British tonnage, Tons. 106,836 46,575 Tonnage of vessels employed in the Inland Trade between Canada and the United States in 1851. Trade between United States and Canada, in 1851. Value of imports into Canada from United States, exports from Canada to United States, $8,936,256 4,939,280 Total imports and exports," * $13,875,536 See further details of the American Lake Commerce. † North Penn. R. R. Co.'s Reports, 1853. The total value of the exports during the year 1852, from Canada to Great Britain, amounted to about £1,689,244 To the North American Colonies, British West Indies, United States, Other foreign countries, 203,036 £2,667,783 Total, 120,238 1,278 · 2,119,424 152,899 £5,071,623 The gross amount of duties collected in 1852, was £739,263. The above statement is taken from a volume entitled "Tables of the Trade and Navigation of the Province of Canada, for the year 1852," published by Government.* Exportations of Coal to the United States from the British Colonies of North America [Nova Scotia and Cape Breton:] from the United States official In 1849, there were exported to the United States, 35,527 chaldrons of coal from Nova Scotia, value, £29,528. * Hunt's Mag., June, 1853. † Boston alone, in 1845, 42,035 tons. There are no duties, either of exportation or importation of coals, from or to British America. A drawback is allowed by the United States on foreign coal re-exported, as in the instance of the depots of Pictou coal for the use of the British steamers. The law passed in January, 1840. Importation of Iron from Great Britain to the British North Year. 1844, American Colonies. November 5th, 1853. Importation of iron and steel, wrought and unwrought, from United Kingdom to British North America, value, Do. of Hardware and cutlery, Do. of Machinery, £479,220 -138,630 6,150 Total, £624,000 PROVINCES OF CANADA. THE area of East and West Canada is 341,815 square miles. Population in 1846, 1,199,704. Canada West in 1849, 791,000 persons. Population of the two Provinces in 1852, 1,842,265. The result of the geological survey of Canada, as reported on by Mr. Logan, sets at rest the question as to the existence of workable beds of coal within these provinces. None such have been traced; although there is, at Gaspé, a set of rocks overlying a series which corresponds with the old red sandstone, and the Chemung and Portage groups of New York, which rocks undoubtedly belong to the carboniferous series, though the part resting in Canada appears to be too low down to be associated with the profitable seams of coal. . Mr. Logan, in tracing the conglomerates and sandstones of this series round the Chaleur Bay, in Canada East, to Bathurst, in New Brunswick, has determined their relation to the nearest coal seams of the latter province with a considerable degree of certainty. The general dip of the Canadian part of the carboniferous deposit accords with this relation. Its slope towards the Chaleur Bay would carry it beneath the coal-bearing strata observable on the south, or New Brunswick side; while no rock of a similar quality is there seen to overlie the coal measures. * The progress of the geological survey is marked by a preliminary report, dated December 6th, 1842, by Mr. W. E. Logan. A report by the same geologist, dated April 28th, 1844. A report from Mr. A. Murray, assistant geologist, March 14th, 1844. Report from Mr. Logan, May 1st, 1845; and from Mr. Murray, April 20th, 1845. |