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XIV. SOUTH CAROLINA.

GOVERNMENT.

Salary.

JAMES H. HAMMOND, Governor, (term expires Dec. 1844,)

$3,500

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Thomas Frean,

H. Bailey,

John A. Leland,

F. H. Elmore,

of Columbia,

B. R. Carroll,
Julius J. Du Bose,

of Columbia,
of Newberry, Surveyor General,
of Charleston,

Super't of Public Works, 1,500

Treasurer, Lower Division,

2,000

do. Upper Division,

1,600

Fees.

Attorney General, 1,100 and Fees.

of Charleston,

Pres. Bank of the State of S. C. 3,000

A. Patterson, President of the Senate.

W. F. Colcock, Speaker of the House of Representatives.

W. E. Martin, Clerk of the Senate,

1,000

Thomas W. Glover, of Orangeburg, Clerk of the House of Rep's.

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By a law passed at the last session of the Legislature, judges can hold office only up to the age of sixty-five years.

Courts of appeals in Law and Equity for hearing and determining all appeals, and motions in arrest of judgment, and for a new trial, are held in Columbia, on the first Monday in May, and on the fourth Monday in November, in every year. A similar Court sits in Charleston, on the

1st Monday in January, for cases brought up from the Courts in the Districts of Georgetown, Horry, Beaufort, Colleton, and Charleston.

The Courts for the correction of Errors, consisting of all the Chancellors, and Judges of the Courts of Law, are held at such time during the sitting of the Courts of Appeal, as the Chancellors and Judges may appoint. Alexander Herbemont, Clerk of the Court of Appeals.

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$1,051,422.00 — Amount of Surplus Revenue deposited with the State. 2,000,000.00- Amount of Loan to the L. C. & C. Railroad, guarantied by the State.

"It is highly probable," says Governor Hammond, "the State will never be called on to refund the Surplus Revenue, though her liability for it should never be forgotten, in an estimate of her debt. It is to be hoped that her guaranty of the Railroad bonds is only nominal, and that in due season they will be discharged by the Railroad Company. I therefore deduct these items, in stating the Public Debt, for which certain and early provision must be made, at three millions and a half."

The receipts into the State Treasury in 1843 were $299,196.16, and the expenditures $277,833.77. The balance in the treasury, including an unexpended balance of previous appropriations, was about $57,000.

COMMON SCHOOLS.

A Free School Fund exists in this State, but it has done little good, and Governor Hammond recommends, that it should be applied to the support of Academies in the several districts; he remarks, "The Free School system has failed. This fact has been announced by several of my predecessors, and there is scarcely an intelligent person in the State, who doubts that its benefits are perfectly insignificant, in comparison with the expenditure. Its failure is owing to the fact, that it does not suit our people or our government, and it can never be remedied. The

paupers, for whose children it is intended, but slightly appreciate the advantages of education; their pride revolts at the idea of sending their children to school as 'poor scholars'; and besides, they need them at home to work. These sentiments and wants can, in the main, only be coun tervailed by force. In other countries, where similar systems exist, force is liberally applied. It is contrary to the principles of our institutions to apply it here, and the Free School system is a failure. The sum which is annually appropriated for the support of free schools, if equally divided for one year among the twenty-eight districts of the State, giving two portions to Charleston district, will be sufficient to build in each a good Academy. If thereafter, one thousand dollars a year was appropriated to each academy, a teacher of the highest qualifications might be secured for every one, and a saving of about eight thousand dollars per annum effected by the State. If, in addition to this salary, the profits of his school were also given to the teacher, the rates of tuition could be reduced, to the advantage of the tax-payers, and he might be required to instruct, free of charge, such poor scholars as should be sent to him."

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of Baldwin Co.
of Jefferson Co.
of Butts Co.

of Baldwin Co.
of Harris Co.
of Baldwin Co.

P. M. Compton,
John S. Thomas,
Anderson W. Redding,
Jesse H. Campbell,
Charles Dougherty, of Clark Co.
Benj. F. Hardeman, of Oglethorpe Co.
Charles J. Jenkins, of Richmond, Co.

Aug. C. Ferrell, of Troup Co.

Secretary of State,
Treasurer,

Comptroller General,
Surveyor General,

Salary.

$3,000

1,600

1,600

1,600

1,600

Director of the Central Bank.
Keeper of the Penitentiary.

500

Com'r of the Deaf and Dumb.
President of the Senate, $5 a day
Secretary of the Senate,
Speaker of H. of Rep.,
Clerk of H. of Rep.,

The pay of the members of the Legislature is $4 a day.

5 a day.

500

The constitution has been so altered as to divide the State into 47 Senatorial districts, and to reduce the number of Senators from 93 to 47, and the Representatives from 201 to 130, which will be the number elected in October, 1845.

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JUDICIARY.

The State is divided into eleven Circuits, with a Judge for each.

Salary.

Charles S. Henry, of Chatham Co., Judge of the Eastern

Circuit, $1,800

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John W. Flournoy,

Attorney General, $250 and perquisites.

Wm. B. Fleming, of Chatham Co., Judge of Court of Oyer and

Terminer, Savannah,

John W. Wilde, of Richmond Co., Judge of Court of Oyer and

Terminer, Augusta,

1,000

1,000

Inferior Court. An Inferior Court is held in each county, composed of five justices, elected by the people every four years. These Courts possess the powers of Courts of Probate. The justices have no salary.

RAILROADS.

[From the last Report of the Engineer of the Central Railroad.]

"The road being now completed, and in successful operation throughout its whole extent, it is proper that I should present a report of its entire cost, its present condition, and the result of its operations since the date of my last report.

"The track was extended to the depot at Macon, and a train passed over the whole line on the 13th of October, 1843; the Macon depot was open for regular business on the 1st of November. The trains have passed over the whole line every day since that period, Sundays excepted.

“The whole length of the road from depot to depot, is 190 miles, 1600 feet and the whole cost is $2,581,723, of which $168,343 is for motive power and cars; and $68,000 damage by the freshet of 1841. Average cost of the road per mile, $12,702. Average annual cost of repairs per mile, $317." The Company has now 14 engines, and about 100 burden

cars.

The earnings of the road for 13 months ending Dec. 1, 1843, $227,531.94 Expenses of conducting the road for that period,

The earnings from Dec. 1, 1843, to March 1, 1844,
The earnings during March, 1844, about
The earnings during March, 1843,

134,341.43

86,716.00

25,000.00

7,944.00

The Western and Atlantic Railroad, according to the Governor's report, Nov. 22, 1843, had cost $2,915,008. The grading is nearly completed, with the exception of the tunnel, which is 500 yards in length. The wooden superstructure is completed 52 miles, and the iron has been procured for that distance, and 33 miles of it have been laid down. The engineer believes, that $500,000 will be sufficient to finish the road, and put on it the necessary equipments of motive power and cars.

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1. Applington, Bryan, Bulloch, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Emanuel, Glynn, Laurens, Liberty, Lowndes, McIntosh, Montgomery, Tatnall, Telfair, Twiggs, Ware, and Wayne. Population, 69,517.

2. Baker, Decatur, Dooly, Early, Irwin, Lee, Macon, Marion, Muscogee, Pulaski, Randolph, Stewart, Sumter, and Thomas. Population, 74,506.

3. Bibb, Crawford, Harris, Houston, Monroe, Pike, Talbot, and Upson. Population, 75,529.

4. Campbell, Carroll, Coweta, Fayette, Heard, Henry, Meriwether, Newton, and Troup. Population, 71,031.

5. Cass, Chattooga, Cherokee, Cobb, Dade, DeKalb, Floyd, Forsyth, Gilmer, Gwinnett, Murray, Paulding, and Walker. Population, 70,176.

6. Clarke, Elbert, Franklin, Habersham, Hall, Jackson, Lumpkin, Madison, Rabun, Union, and Walton. Population, 72,400.

7. Baldwin, Butts, Greene, Jasper, Jones, Morgan, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Taliaferro, and Wilkinson. Population, 68,725

8. Burke, Columbia, Hancock, Jefferson, Lincoln, Richmond, Scriven, Warren, Washington, and Wilkes. Population, 72,788,

XVI. ALABAMA.

GOVERNMENT.

BENJAMIN FITZPATRICK, Governor, (term of office expires on

the 1st Monday in December, 1845,)

Salary.

$2,500

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