biology and animal biology. They are planned so as to provide teachers with experience, materials, and information which will be helpful to them in arousing in their pupils an interest in the out-ofdoors, especially in plants and animals. Students may earn 9 units of credit for 6 weeks of work, or they may earn 15 units of credit for 9 weeks of work.

SCHOOLS OF EDUCATION

The establishment of summer camps in connection with the work of departments of education in colleges and universities is comparatively recent. In general, these camps have been established because

A demonstration tent and camp fire, New York University summer camp, Palisades Interstate Park

of the demand for teachers and nature leaders with practical experience, as well as to stimulate an interest in natural education which takes place out of doors. The courses provided in these camps are especially designed for teachers of physical education and nature study, elementary teachers, school administrators, and others interested in the opportunities for practical experience out of doors in wholesome recreational atmosphere.

The school of education of New York University, New York City, provides a camp in connection with its summer work. The camp is located on Lake Sebago in the Palisades Interstate Park. All of the courses offered at this camp may be credited toward baccalaureate and graduate degrees under the rules and regulations of the school

of education. However, not more than eight points may be presented by a student for credit in any one summer. Courses given at this camp are especially designed for graduate students and those who hold positions in teacher-training institutions, or who are in administrative positions in physical education, recreation, and camping. All students registered in New York University majoring in physical education are required to spend at least one month at the undergraduate department June camp at Lake Sebago.

The Cleveland School of Education of the Senior Teachers College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, provides for a special nature guide school in connection with the summer term. The school

Dock and swimming crib, New York University summer camp, Palisades Interstate Park was opened because of the demand of teachers and nature leaders for practical field experience. It was organized for the professional training of teachers who wish to enrich their program, playground leaders who are interested in directing nature clubs, scouts and campfire naturalists, nature councilors for summer camps, community and park nature guides, and nature lovers who wish to broaden their own training. The school is located at Hudson, Ohio, about 25 miles from Cleveland. The entire area includes 531 acres of farm and forest lands. Credit for work is accepted toward the Ohio State certificate for teaching and also for the bachelor of education degree. The morning hours are generally devoted to academic work and the afternoon hours to field trips. The daily program also includes recre

ational activities and rest. The school is open to both men and women who have a genuine interest in nature study. Equipment is provided for about 150 students.

The University of Wisconsin, Madison, has recently established Camp Randall not only as a means of affording practical experience in camping for students in the department of education majoring in physical education, but also as a means of providing all students with opportunities for enjoying winter sports. A course in camp leadership is offered as an elective for men and women. Two semester hours of credit are allowed for this work.

DEPARTMENTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH EDUCATION

In view of the fact that a large per cent of the work of teachers of physical education in educational institutions throughout the country is carried on out of doors, a few institutions which provide professional courses in physical education and health education for teachers also maintain facilities for camping in connection with these courses. Several institutions provide camps which are open to students during the summer term only. Several institutions maintain camps which are open for the students throughout the entire school.

year.

Mills College, Mills College, Calif., provides for a special camp in connection with the department of physical education. Mills College offers through this camp an opportunity for teachers:

(1) To improve their teaching methods and technic in major sports; (2) to live in a carefully planned environment with an interesting and professionally trained group of workers from various fields; (3) to pursue advanced work in physical education for graduate academic credit; and (4) to gain knowledge and skill in camping and woodcraft at a training camp for directors and councilors.

The Mills College campus has been chosen as the site for the camp session. It contains an area of 120 acres. The courses given may be taken for credit or they may be taken without credit. Mills College also owns 50 acres of land and a mountain lodge in the Sierra foothills. This lodge is available for student use at week-end and vacation periods throughout the college year. Such equipment gives valuable opportunity for students majoring in physical education to experience leadership responsibility with groups of girls by taking them on overnight trips, instructing them in outdoor cooking, woodcraft, riding, water sports, and the like. During the summer the physical education department uses the mountain site for an organized camp program open to girls of high-school age. This supplies laboratory experience in a real camp situation for students who are training for camp leadership.

Florida State College for Women, Tallahassee, provides an educational and recreational camp to supplement the work of the department of physical education. The camp is situated on Lake Bradford and is available throughout the year.

Brenau College, Gainesville, Ga., provides for week-end camping parties for students attending the college. This camp is located on the college campus which contains 96 acres. Brenau College also provides for a course in camping as a part of the professional course in physical education.

The Y. M. C. A. School, a graduate school of physical education, Nashville, Tenn., provides for an out-of-door summer school at Blue Ridge, N. C. Practical and theoretical courses in camping are given for students who wish to secure training in this work.

Battle Creek College, Battle Creek, Mich., maintains a summer camp known as Camp Pottawottamie located on an island in Gull Lake, a few miles from Battle Creek. All students taking the 4-year course in physical education are required to spend one month at this camp which is equipped for all kinds of outdoor recreational activities.

Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, N. Y., provides a course in camp craft as a part of the required professional course in physical education given in the department of health and physical education. The course is given at Camp Mesacosa on Effner Lake, Corinth, N. Y., during the first three weeks of September. Students majoring in physical education are required to attend this camp two

seasons.

The Slippery Rock State Normal School, Slippery Rock, Pa., through its department of health education in cooperation with the department of science since 1925 has maintained a summer camp as a part of its summer school. All students registered in the department of health education are required to spend six weeks in this camp before graduation. The camp is known as Camp Canawasca. It is situated about 3 miles south of Slippery Rock, and 12 miles north of Butler, Pa. The site provides ample facilities for nature work and outdoor sports of all kinds. Courses in camp craft, scouting, and water sports are given as a part of the health education work. Courses in nature study include astronomy, plant life, and animal life. Among the aims of the camp may be mentioned not only the training of teachers of health education and of science, but also the initiation of all students into the appreciation of nature. and the out-of-door sports.

The University of Washington, Seattle, provides for a 3-week course in camping during the month of September at Hidden Cove Camp on Hood Canal. The course includes actual experience in

camp organization and in camp activities, practice in soccer, water sports, swimming, canoeing, life-saving, camp cooking, and overnight hiking. The course is required of all students majoring in physical education and two semester hours of credit are allowed for this work.

SCHOOLS OF FORESTRY

The summer camp is not new in connection with schools or departments of forestry in colleges and universities. In fact, forestry schools have always included such a large amount of practical outdoor work that many young men have been attracted to this field. because of the opportunities for outdoor life. At the present time 23 colleges and universities provide major courses in forestry which lead to a college degree. While practically all of these institutions include considerable outdoor work in their courses some of them provide special forestry camps during the summer term. Among the institutions which provide special summer forestry camps in connection with schools or departments of forestry may be mentioned the following: University of California, Berkeley; Colorado Agricultural College, Fort Collins; Colorado College, Colorado Springs; Connecticut Agricultural College, Storrs; University of Georgia (Georgia State College of Agriculture), Athens; University of Idaho, Moscow; Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.; Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Ames; Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge; Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science, East Lansing; Cornell University (New York State College of Agriculture), Ithaca, N. Y.; Pennsylvania State College, State College; Pennsylvania State Forest School, Mont Alto; and New York State College of Forestry, Syracuse.

The division of forestry of the University of California provides for 12 weeks of undergraduate work in a camp in the Plumas National Forest.

The Colorado Agricultural College, Fort Collins, provides for 11 weeks to be spent on a 1,600-acre college forest 50 miles west of Fort Collins.

The University of Georgia, Athens, requires students to spend 12 weeks in field work in a forest camp.

Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind., provides for 8 weeks in a summer camp in a 4,500-acre State forest.

The department of forestry of the Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Ames, provides for 3 months of instruction in one or more of the national forests.

New York State College of Forestry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y., provides for 12 weeks at a camp in the Adirondack