Teachers College, Mount Pleasant, Mich.; State Normal School, Cortland, N. Y.; University of Nevada, Reno; North Carolina College for Women, Greensboro; Ohio State University, Columbus; Sam Houston State Teachers College, Huntsville, Tex.; Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Tex.; Southwest Texas State Teachers College, San Marcos; and State Teachers College, La Crosse, Wis.

PRIVATE NORMAL SCHOOLS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

The greatest emphasis which has been given to the camp in connection with teacher-training courses in physical education has been given by the special normal schools of physical education. Ten of these institutions in addition to providing theoretical courses in camp management maintain organized camps and require two or four months of actual camp life as a part of their teacher-training courses. The following normal schools of physical education maintain organized camps: The Arnold College of Hygiene and Physical Education, New Haven, Conn.; the Chicago Normal School of Physical Education, Chicago, Ill.; the American College of Physical Education, Chicago, Ill.; Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union, Indianapolis, Ind.; the Boston School of Physical Education, Boston, Mass.; Bouvé Normal School of Physical Education, Boston, Mass.; Posse-Nissen Normal School of Gymnastics, Boston, Mass.; Central School of Hygiene and Physical Education, New York, N. Y.; and the Chautauqua Summer School of Physical Education, Chautauqua, N. Y.

SUMMARY

The foregoing information shows that the organized summer camp is gradually gaining recognition as a factor in the field of higher education.

The demand for specially trained camp councilors by private, institutional, and municipal camps has become so large that departments of education, science, physical education, and recreation in colleges, universities, and teacher-training institutions are beginning to provide extensive courses in camp organization and administration for camp councilors.

The recognition of the possibilities of the organized camp summer school by many institutions of higher education is an outstanding tendency in educational progress to-day. Departments of agriculture, engineering, forestry, geology, science, biology, nature study, education, health, physical education, and recreation, have demonstrated the fact that the summer camp is an invaluable asset in connection with their work.

For the department of forestry it provides an indispensable laboratory; for the department of geology it provides an excellent opportunity for field work; for the department of science it provides opportunity for the study of special subjects in a special environment; and for the department of engineering it provides opportunity for the student to link up theoretical knowledge and practical experience.

For the departments of health, physical education, and recreation, the summer camp provides excellent opportunities for practice teaching. The student makes his first attempts to teach in an informal atmosphere in which the great out-of-doors proves its superiority to artificial indoor interest arousing devices.

In all of the schools and departments of colleges and universities by which the summer camp has been introduced the fact has been demonstrated that for the student or the teacher who wishes to pursue summer study, the summer camp provides excellent opportunities for an inexpensive, healthful, educational, and recreational vacation.

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Beals, F. L. Camp Roosevelt; its history and development. Menasha, Wis., George Banta Publishing Co.

Brockway, James E. General objectives of a summer camp (other than fecreational). American Physical Education Review, 30: 29-32, January 1925. Camp, Marjorie. Camp leadership courses in colleges and universities. American Physical Education Review, 34: 160-66, March 1929.

Cassidy, Rosalind. A camp summer school housed in comfortable residence halls. School Life, 12: 94-96, January 1927.

Coker, Robert E. An outdoor school of natural history. North Carolina Teacher, 4: 281-82, April 1928.

Covert, Timon. Valley school holds summer sessions at foot of Mount Shasta, Washington. School Life, 12: 3-5, October 1928.

Crockett, A. C. Vocational guidance as an element in a camp program. Camping (official journal of the Camp Directors' Association), 3:3-8, November 1928.

Davis, J. W. F. Out of doors with youth: For leaders of boys' and girls' camps. Chicago, Ill., University of Chicago Press, 1927. 172 p.

Dawson, Percy M. The vacation camp as a factor in education. American Physical Education Review, 32: 237-48, April 1927.

Demock, H. S. and Hendry, C. E. Camping and character. New York, Association Press, 1929. 362 p.

Graves, S. A. Correlation of summer camps and public schools. Camping (official journal of the Camp Directors' Association), 3:1, November 1928. Hewitt, R. G. and Ellis. E. School camps: Their value and organization. London, Oxford University Press, 1920. 110 p. Meylan, George L. Contribution of organized summer camps to American education. Playground, 18:237-39, July 1924.

Nininger, H. H. An experiment in itinerant education. School and Society. 28: 484-88, October 1928.

Ready, Marie M. The organized summer camp. Washington, D. C., Govern ment Printing Office, 1926. 14 p. (U. S. Office of Education. Physical Education Series No. 7.)

Possibilities of summer camps for children. School Life, 10:25-26,

October 1924.

Reed, Dudley B. Educational aspects of summer camps. American Physical Education Review, 31: 807-12, May 1926.

Sherman, Edward A. Forestry as a profession. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1927. 16 p. (U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.) Vinal, W. G. Camp Canawasco of Slippery Rock State Normal School. Playground, 22: 344-47, September 1928.

ANNOUNCEMENTS OF INFORMATION OF COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES REGARDING SUMMER CAMPS

Allegany School of Natural History. Annual announcement. Albany, N. Y., New York State Museum, 1928. 19 p.

The Allegany School of Natural History is conducted by the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences in cooperation with the New York State Museum, and affiliated with the University of Buffalo.

Long Island Biological Association. The biological laboratory. Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, N. Y., 1926. 11 p. illus.

Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass. Annual announcement. 42d year, 1929. 39 p.

Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Weir Mitchell Station, Mount Desert Island, Salisbury Cove, Maine. Announcement, 1928. 8 p.

Nature Guide School of the Senior Teachers College of Western Reserve University and the Cleveland School of Education, Cleveland, Ohio. Published by the Administrative Offices, Cleveland Schools of Education, Stearns Road and East 109 Street. 27 p.

Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union, Indianapolis, Ind. Camp Brosius. Summer session in camp, Elkhart Lake, Wis.

Northern State Teachers College, Aberdeen, S. Dak. Biological Station. 12 p.

Lake Enemy Swim

(Bulletin of the Northern Normal and Industrial School, vol. 21, April 1928, No. 6.)

Princeton University. Summer school of geology and natural resources. In the Official Register: Report of the president for the year ending July 31, 1926. Princeton, N. J., Princeton University, 1926. p. 34-35.

United States Department of Agriculture. Forest Service. Schools with courses leading to a degree in forestry. (Mimeographed circular. Misc. circular 13, revised March 1, 1928.)

Department of Commerce. Bureau of Fisheries. The Bureau of Fisheries and its biological station at Beaufort, N. C. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1916. 11 p.

University of California.

Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Reprint

from the University of California. Register for 1927-28. 4 p.

University of Colorado. Recreation and excursions. In Catalogue, summer quarter, 1928. Boulder, Colo., University of Colorado, February 1928, p. 23-24. (Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 2. General series No. 251.)

University of Oregon. University of Oregon. 3

Summer camp in geology and geography of the

p. (Mimeographed circular of information.)

NATURE STUDY IN SUMMER CAMPS

Beard, Dan C. Do it yourself: A book of the big outdoors. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1925. 306 p.

Wisdom of the woods. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1926.

150 p.
Brooks, Earle A.
H. Doran Co., 1925.
Carr, William H.
Bear Mountain, N. Y.

A handbook of the outdoors. New York, N. Y., George
238 p.

Signs along the trail: The museum and nature trails at
New York Department of Education, American Museum

of Natural History, 1927. 29 p.

Coleman, Laurence V. Camp museums. In contributions of museums to outdoor recreation. A report prepared at the request of the National Conference on Outdoor Recreation. Washington, D. C., 1928. P. 24-25.

Holt, E. P. Value of nature study in camps. Nature, 5: 283-84, May 1925. Lutz, Frank E. Nature trails: An experiment in outdoor education. New York American Museum of Natural History, 1926. 36 p.

Pack, Arthur and Palmer, E. L. The Nature Almanac: A Handbook of Nature Education. Washington, D. C., American Nature Association, 1927. 312 p.

Palmer, E. L. Nature study through games. Playground, 18: 143-47, June 1924.

Palmer, E. L. The summer camp's contribution to nature education. Childhood Education, 4: 416-18, May 1928.

Vinal, W. G.

1926. 551 p.

Nature guiding. Ithaca, N. Y., Comstock Publishing Co.,

CAMP ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITIES

Ballas, J. J. Camp athletic instruction. American Physical Education Review, 30: 276-77, May 1925. Bivens, A. E. Cheley, F. H.

393 p.

Gibson, H. W.

Music in camps. Playground, 20:284-86, August 1926.
The boys' book of camp fires. Boston, W. A. Wilde Co., 1925.

Camp management: A manual for camp directors. Cam

bridge, Mass., Murray Printing Co., 1923. 265 p.

Gulick, E. L. Camp program making for girls. May 1925.

Playground, 19: 85-88,

Herron, Carl V. Four camp problems and some aspects of them from the viewpoint of the institutional camp. American Physical Education Review, 33: 346-51, May 1928.

Kimball, A. M. A camp where the girls boss. Outlook, 137: 233–36, June 1924. McDonald, L. J. Program making in camps for boys. Playground, 19: 88-89, May 1925.

New York, N. Y., D.

Marks, Jeannette A. Vacation camping for girls. Appleton & Co., 1913. 228 p. Smith, Charles F. Games and recreational methods for clubs, camps, and scouts. New York, Dodd, Mead & Co., 1924. 463 p.

Wack, W. H. The camping ideal: A new human race. New York, the Red Book Magazine, 1925. 257 p.

THE SUMMER CAMP AND HEALTH

Bond, H. E. Boys' and girls' camps and the pursuit of health. Public Health Nurse, 17: 163-64, March 1925.

Bushnell, F. G. A hostel and summer camp for the children of tuberculous parents. Nation's Health, 20:256, January 1928.

Chow, Fred. The health question: Excerpts from a paper read at the annual convention of the Camp Directors' Association. Camping, May 1928. Garret, S. Nursing in a summer camp. Public Health Nurse, 14:357-58, July 1922.

Mills, Grace A. Nursing in summer camps. 29: 388-92, April 1929.

American Journal of Nursing,

SUGGESTED STANDARDS

Boy Scouts of America. Camp health, safety, and sanitation. New York, Department of Camping, Boy Scouts (Inc.), 1923. 72 p.

Camp Directors' Association. Basic standards for summer camps (adopted by the Camp Directors' Association). Wolfeboro, N. H., Laura I. Mattoon, secretary, 1928. (Rev.)

Childrens' Welfare Federation. Tentative standards for vacation homes and camps. New York, 1928. 40 p.

National Conference of Catholic the committee on summer camps. camping.) Washington, D. C., 1928.

Charities. The Catholic camp: Report of (Appendix I, State regulations regarding 83 p.